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function modeling combined with physics-based reasoning for assessing design options and supporting innovative ideation

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AI EDAM-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING 2017年第4期31卷 476-500页

作者： Mokhtarian, Hossein Coatanea, Eric Paris, Henri Tampere Univ Technol Dept Mech Engn & Ind Syst Tampere Finland Univ Grenoble Alpes CNRS G SCOP Lab Grenoble France

functional modeling is an analytical approach to design problems that is widely taught in certain academic communities but not often used by practitioners. This approach can be applied in multiple ways to formalize the understanding of the systems, to support the synthesis of the design in the development of a new product, or to support the analysis and improvement of existing systems incrementally. The type of usage depends on the objectives that are targeted. The objectives can be categorized into two key groups: discovering a totally new solution, or improving an existing one. This article proposes to use the functional modeling approach to achieve three goals: to support the representation of physics-based reasoning, to use this physics-based reasoning to assess design options, and finally to support innovative ideation. The exemplification of the function-based approach is presented via a case study of a glue gun proposed for this Special Issue. A reverse engineering approach is applied, and the authors seek an incremental improvement of the solution. As the physics-based reasoning model presented in this article is heavily dependent on the quality of the functional model, the authors propose a general approach to limit the interpretability of the functional representations by mapping the functional vocabulary with elementary structural blocks derived from bond graph theory. The physics-based reasoning approach is supported by a mathematical framework that is summarized in the article. The physics-based reasoning model is used for discovering the limitations of solutions in the form of internal contradictions and guiding the design ideation effort.

关键词： Dimensional Analysis Conceptual modeling Framework function modeling function Reasoning

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function modeling using the system state flow diagram

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AI EDAM-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING 2017年第4期31卷 413-435页

作者： Yildirim, Unal Campean, Felician Williams, Huw Univ Bradford Automot Res Ctr Fac Engn & Informat Bradford BD7 1DP W Yorkshire England

This paper introduces a rigorous framework for function modeling of complex multidisciplinary systems based on the system state flow diagram (SSFD). The work addresses the need for a consistent methodology to support solution-neutral function-based system decomposition analysis, facilitating the design, modeling, and analysis of complex systems architectures. A rigorous basis for the SSFD is established by defining conventions for states and function definitions and a representation scheme, underpinned by a critical review of existing literature. A set of heuristics are introduced to support the function decomposition analysis and to facilitate the deployment of the methodology with strong practitioner guidelines. The SSFD heuristics extend the existing framework of Otto and Wood (2001) by introducing a conditional fork node heuristic, to facilitate analysis and aggregation of function models across multiple modes of operation of the system. The empirical validation of the SSFD function modeling framework is discussed in relation to its application to two case studies: a benchmark problem (glue gun) set for the engineering design community;and an industrial case study of an electric vehicle powertrain. Based on the evidence from the two case studies presented in the paper, a critical evaluation of the SSFD function modeling methodology is discussed based on the function benchmarking framework established by Summers et al. (2013), considering the representation, modeling, cognitive, and reasoning characteristics. The significance of this paper is that it establishes a rigorous reference framework for the SSFD function representation and a consistent methodology to guide the practitioner with its deployment, facilitating its impact to industrial practice.

关键词： functional Architecture functional Requirements function modeling State Diagrams Systems Engineering

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function modeling: A modeling Behavior Analysis of Pause Patterns

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JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL DESIGN 2020年第11期142卷 111402页

作者： Patel, Apurva Kramer, William S. Flynn, Michelle Summers, Joshua D. Shuffler, Marissa L. Clemson Univ Dept Mech Engn 134 Fluor Daniel EIB Clemson SC 29634 USA Univ Nebraska Dept Psychol 347 V Arts & Sci Hall Omaha NE 68182 USA Clemson Univ Dept Psychol 418 Brackett Hall Clemson SC 29634 USA Clemson Univ Dept Mech Engn 203 Fluor Daniel Bldg Clemson SC 29634 USA Clemson Univ Dept Psychol 320 Brackett Hall Clemson SC 29634 USA

This paper presents a behavior-based protocol study conducted with mechanical engineering students, where the participants developed function-structure models for a novel design problem. A modeling activity video was recorded for each participant and coded using a protocol analysis that captured the modeling sequence, actions, and elements. Pauses in the modeling process were analyzed to identify patterns based on pause time and frequency, the distribution of pauses over the modeling activity, and events preceding and following the pauses. In this study, a pause is characterized as an interruption in the modeling process lasting at least 2 s. Participants were found to spend an average of 38% of the modeling time in pauses, with more of it being allotted to the middle of the modeling activity and less toward the start and end. Three pause types are defined (short, intermediate, and long pauses) based on an analysis of pause lengths, which are then used to analyze events before and after pauses. Participants added elements to the model more frequently, compared to editing and deleting elements. Longer pauses were observed before participants before elements are removed from the model, whereas editing was done more frequently after shorter pauses. Several modeling element pairs are identified that are infrequently separated by pauses, such as the "edge" and "edge text" pair, suggesting that the designer thinks about these as paired elements rather than distinct elements. Limitations of the research methods are discussed, and finally, new research questions are identified as continuing work for this research.

关键词： function structure function modeling pause patterns cognitive-based design conceptual design design representation design theory functional reasoning

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function modeling: AN ANALYSIS OF PAUSE PATTERNS IN modeling ACTIVITIES

FUNCTION MODELING: AN ANALYSIS OF PAUSE PATTERNS IN MODELING...

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ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences (IDETC) / Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (CIE)

作者： Patel, Apurva Kramer, William S. Flynn, Michelle Summers, Joshua D. Shuffler, Marissa L. Clemson Univ Mech Engn Clemson SC 29634 USA Clemson Univ Psychol Clemson SC 29634 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780791851845

This paper presents a protocol study conducted with mechanical engineering students, where the participants developed a function structure model for a novel design problem. A modeling activity video was recorded for each participant and coded using a protocol analysis. Pauses in the modeling process were analyzed to identify patterns based on pause time and frequency, distribution of pauses over the modeling activity, events following the pauses, and elements added after pauses. Results show that participants used an average of 38% of the modeling time in pauses with a pause frequency of 41%. Moreover, participants were also found to spend more time in pauses during the second and third quarters of the modeling activity. Subsequently, an analysis of pause lengths revealed three different pause groups corresponding to short, intermediate, and long pauses. Participants added elements to the model significantly more frequently, compared to editing and deleting elements. Instances of deleting were found to be more likely to occur after longer pauses, whereas editing was done more frequently after shorter pauses. Participants paused more frequently before adding flows, and more frequent pauses were observed before labeling function compared to adding function blocks. The flows were found to be labeled after pauses infrequently. Finally, limitations of the study are discussed, and future research questions have been identified.

关键词： function structure function modeling pause patterns

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function modeling, Solving and Simulation Based on Effect in TRIZ

Function Modeling, Solving and Simulation Based on Effect in...

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2nd International Conference on Advances in Materials and Manufacturing Processes (ICAMMP 2011)

作者： Cao, Guozhong Guo, Haixia Liang, Tao Tan, Runhua Hebei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037853269

functional design is the essential process of product design. Aiming at the drawbacks of traditional functional design, effect in TRIZ is introduced for function modeling, solving and simulation. The improved process model of functional design is proposed, and the computer-aided functional design software system is developed. Finally, the speedy cutting off valve is taken as an example to validate the effectiveness of the above model.

关键词： function modeling function Solving function Simulation Process Model

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function modeling and Simulation of Deformation of Multi-Throttle-Slices for Telescopic Shock Absorber

Function Modeling and Simulation of Deformation of Multi-Thr...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation and Logistics

作者： Zhou, Changcheng Zhao, Leilei Cai, Yanhui Shandong Univ Technol Sch Transport & Vehicle Engn Zibo Shandong Peoples R China Weihai Vocat Coll Dept Mech Engn Weihai Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424447947

Analysed the deformation of single throttle-slice of shock absorber by elastic mechanic, the math model of its deformation was established. By, the relation of deformation with pressure and pressure with the thicknesses of multi-throttle-slices, the pressure coefficient and the equivalent thickness formula was founded. Followed is a practical example for deformation computation of multi-slices with this new method, compared the computed results with that simulated by ANSYS. The results show that the equivalent thickness is reliable, and the deformation formula of multi-throttle-slices is accurate enough.

关键词： Telescopic shock absorber Multi-throttle-slices Deformation Equivalent thickness function modeling

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Making function modeling practically usable

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AI EDAM-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING 2013年第3期27卷 301-309页

作者： Tomiyama, Tetsuo Van Beek, Thom J. Cabrera, Andres Alberto Alvarez Komoto, Hitoshi D'Amelio, Valentina Cranfield Univ Mfg & Mat Dept Cranfield MK43 0AL Beds England Delft Univ Technol Fac Mech Maritime & Mat Engn Delft Netherlands Nat Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

function modeling is considered potentially useful in various fields of engineering, including engineering design. However, a close look at practices reveals that practitioners do not use formal function modeling so much, while the concept of "function" frequently appears in many practical methods without a vigorous definition. This paper tries to understand why formal function modeling is not practically utilized in industry by analyzing usage cases of function. By observing product development activities in industry, the paper identifies three problems that prevent formal function modeling from wider applications in practices, namely, practitioners' neglect of function modeling, the lack of practically useful function reasoning, and the complexity of the methods and tools of formal function modeling that make them impractical. Finally, the paper proposes strategies to tackle these problems and illustrates some research efforts in this regard.

关键词： function function modeling function Reasoning Product Development Systems Architecting

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FueL: Representing function structure and function dependencies with a UML profile for function modeling

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APPLIED ONTOLOGY 2016年第2期11卷 155-203页

作者： Burek, Patryk Loebe, Frank Herre, Heinrich Univ Leipzig Inst Med Informat Stat & Epidemiol Leipzig Germany Univ Leipzig Dept Comp Sci Leipzig Germany

modeling functions is a key aspect of artifact design, including software engineering and business systems modeling, but it is likewise of fundamental importance in natural systems modeling, for example in modeling biological organisms. The Unified modeling Language (UML), which originated from object-oriented software engineering, is nowadays a de facto standard for conceptual modeling and its current applications go far beyond software engineering. The paper investigates first to what extent UML is suited for modeling functions. We survey various approaches to function modeling with UML and identify their limitations. Based on the conducted analysis, we introduce a UML profile for function modeling, called the function modeling Language (FueL). FueL enables the modeling of the structure of functions, of relations between functions, such as function decomposition, as well as of function ascription, i.e., of relations linking functions with other types of entities. The main application field that we considered while developing FueL is bioinformatics. Nonetheless, the presented profile is domain-independent and is capable of modeling cross-domain systems. The profile has been tested on fragments of the Molecular function Ontology, a sub-ontology of the Gene Ontology. In this connection the paper further demonstrates that the applications of FueL transcend the construction of new models, by showing how the profile aids restructuring and refactoring existing models.

关键词： Unified modeling Language function modeling gene ontology

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Enhanced function modeling for early assessment of conceptual innovative construction technologies

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AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION 2013年第0期36卷 180-190页

作者： Yu, Wen-der Wu, Chih-ming Cheng, Shao-tsai Chen, Tai-shiuh Chung Hua Univ Dept Construct Management Hsinchu Taiwan Chung Hua Univ Dept Technol Management Hsinchu Taiwan

Early assessment of an innovative technology plays a very important role for successful innovation of construction technologies. However, lack of required parametric information of traditional function modeling method makes it impossible to conduct early technology assessment in the conceptual development stage. This paper presents an enhanced function modeling method, namely Solid-model Enhanced function modeling (SEFM), which extracts two types of important parameters from the solid models of a construction technology: (1) geometric parameters that specify the dimensional information of physical technology components;and (2) material parameters that specify the strength and quality grade information. A set of specific utility functions are developed to cope with the proposed SEFM. Such a combination offers a useful tool for the analysis of innovative technology alternative in the early technology development stage. The innovation of a fall protection safety fence is selected as a case study to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed SEFM. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Parametric solid modeling function modeling Innovation Technology assessment

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A review of function modeling: Approaches and applications

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AI EDAM-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ENGINEERING DESIGN ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING 2008年第2期22卷 147-169页

作者： Erden, M. S. Komoto, H. Van Beek, T. J. D'Amelio, V. Echavarria, E. Tomiyama, T. Delft Univ Technol Biomech Engn Dept Intelligent Mech Syst Grp NL-2628 CD Delft Netherlands

This work is aimed at establishing a common frame and understanding of function modeling (FM) for our ongoing research activities. A comparative review of the literature is performed to grasp the various FM approaches with their commonalities and differences. The relations of FM with the research fields of artificial intelligence, design theory, and maintenance are discussed. In this discussion the goals are to highlight the features of various classical approaches in relation to FM, to delineate what FM introduces to these fields, and to discuss the applicability of various FM approaches in these fields. Finally, the basic ideas underlying our projects are introduced with reference to the general framework of FM.

关键词： behavior design function modeling maintenance service

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