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Ecosystem functions of confined-scale artificial tidal flats in urban areas in Japan: analysis of driving factors for function-based design

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COASTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2021年第3期63卷 351-369页

作者： Mito, Yugo Noguchi, Takatoshi Onodera, Katsuyuki Mizokawa, Shinichiro Oonishi, Koki Okada, Tomonari Fukken Co Ltd Tokyo Branch Off Tokyo Environm Div Chiyoda Ku Tokyo Japan Minist Land Infrastruct & Transport Port & Harbours Bur Tiyoda Ku Tokyo Japan Minist Land Infrastruct & Transport Invest Yokohama Port & Airport Technol Survey Off Kanto Reg Dev Bur Yokohama Kanagawa Japan Natl Inst Land & Infrastruct Management Coastal Marine & Disaster Prevent Dept Marine Environm Div Yokosuka Kanagawa Japan

Restoration of habitats in coastal areas is often designed with the aim of imitating natural habitats. However, it is reasonable to design habitat restoration based on ecosystem services in urban coastal areas. Therefore, in this study, with the aim of establishing a function-based design based on ecosystem services in artificial habitats, an analysis of the driving factors for ecosystem functions was conducted in two artificial tidal flats in the Tokyo Bay. We designed seven ecosystem functions conforming to the categories of ecosystem services. The reference value of each ecosystem function was determined, and scores were assigned to each function. Four environmental factors and six design factors were considered as the driving factors of the ecosystem functions. Moreover, the relationship between the ecosystem functions and driving factors was analyzed using a hierarchical Bayesian model. Considering the environmental factors, the possibility of a feeding shortage in winter is suggested. The ground height and slope were identified as the most important design factors. It is suggested that these design factors can control the five ecosystem functions. The design factors related to management are also considered important. Finally, we discussed the focus points for conducting an ecosystem-function-based design for artificial habitats.

关键词： Green port structures artificial tidal flat ecosystem function driving factor function-based design tradeoff and synergy

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Formal Qualitative Physics-based Reasoning for functional Decomposition of Engineered Systems

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING 2024年第2期24卷 021003-021003页

作者： Mao, Xiaoyang Sen, Chiradeep Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Sch Design Art & Media Nanjing 210094 Jiangsu Peoples R China Florida Inst Technol Dept Mech & Civil Engn 150 WestUniv Blvd Melbourne FL 32901 USA

functional decomposition is an important task in early systems engineering and design, where the overall function of the system is resolved into the functions of its components or subassemblies. Conventionally, this task is performed manually, because of the possibility of multiple solution paths and the need for understanding the physics phenomena that could realize the desired effects. To this end, this paper presents a formal method for functional decomposition using physics-based qualitative reasoning. The formal representation includes three parts: (1) a natural language lexicon that can be used to detect the changes of physical states of material and energy flows, (2) a set of causation tables that abstracts the knowledge of qualitative physics by capturing the causal relations between the various quantities involved in a physical phenomenon or process, and (3) a process-to-subgraph mapping that translates the physical processes to function structure constructs. The algorithms use the above three representations and some additional topological reasoning to synthesize and assemble function structure graphs that are decompositions of a given black box model. The paper presents the formal representations and reasoning algorithms and illustrates this method using an example function model of an air-heating device. It also presents the software implementation of the representations and the algorithms and uses it to validate the method's ability to generate multiple decompositions from a black-box function model.

关键词： qualitative physics function-based design formal representation reasoning natural language processing artificial intelligence engineering informatics knowledge engineering model-based systems engineering

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functionAL REASONING OF SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE IN THE SYSTEM MODELING LANGUAGE (SYSML) WITH XML REPRESENTATION

FUNCTIONAL REASONING OF SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE IN THE SYSTEM MO...

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ASME International design Engineering Technical Conferences / 43rd Annual Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC-CIE)

作者： Ganeriwala, Parth Chambers, Candice Sen, Chiradeep Bhattachrayya, Siddhartha Florida Inst Technol Melbourne FL 32901 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780791887295

Formal and structured modeling of system or software behavior enables automated reasoning early in the design process. This permits checking the correctness of the flow of information, consistency among the interacting components, and dependencies among components, to mention a few potential automated reasoning. Presently, research efforts have emphasized the integration of formal analytical capabilities with systems modeling methods. But, the approaches lack formal representations for function-based modeling and reasoning. Prior research in function-based design has produced formal languages, graphical representations, and reasoning algorithms that support model consistency checks, physics-based verification of model correctness, natural-language and qualitative physics-based grammars that grow and decompose given function models, and formal representation of system states that support causal analysis within the function modeling context. We posit that by integrating these capabilities into the system modeling languages, we could significantly augment the languages' capability to support formal function-based reasoning, which was not possible so far. In this paper, we address this gap with the creation of domain-specific language for function-based modeling. This is illustrated with a coffeemaker example designed in a systems engineering framework along with XML-based reasoning.

关键词： Formal representation and reasoning function-based design Model-based Systems Engineering

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TOWARD FORMAL QUALITATIVE REASONING TO SUPPORT functionAL DECOMPOSITION

TOWARD FORMAL QUALITATIVE REASONING TO SUPPORT FUNCTIONAL DE...

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ASME International design Engineering Technical Conferences / 42nd Annual Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (IDETC-CIE)

作者： Mao, Xiaoyang Sen, Chiradeep Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol Sch Design Art & Media Nanjing Jiangsu Peoples R China Florida Inst Technol Mech & Aerosp Engn Melbourne FL 32901 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780791886212

functional decomposition is an important task in early systems engineering and design, where the overall function of the system is resolved into the functions of its components or subassemblies. Conventionally, this task is performed manually, because of multiple possible solution paths and the need for understanding the physics phenomena that could realize the desired effects. This paper presents an approach of developing a formal method for functional decomposition using physics-based qualitative reasoning. The representation includes three parts: (1) a natural language reasoner that detects the changes of physical states of material and energy flows, (2) a set of causation tables that abstract the knowledge of qualitative physics by capturing the causal relations between the various quantities involved in a physical phenomenon or process, and (3) a process-to-subgraph mapping that translate the physical processes into function structure constructs. The algorithm uses the above three representations and some topological reasoning to assemble function models that represent the decomposition of a given black box model. The paper illustrates the potential of this method for functional decomposition using an example of an air-heating device. The paper also discusses the limitations and challenges in maturing this approach into an end-usable design tool.

关键词： formal representation reasoning function-based design qualitative physics natural language processing

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Using functional analysis diagrams to improve product reliability and cost

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ADVANCES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2017年第1期9卷

作者： Michalakoudis, Ioannis Childs, Peter Aurisicchio, Marco Harding, James Imperial Coll London Dyson Sch Design Engn 10 Princes GardensSouth Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ England Ind Gas Springs Ltd Mitcham England

Failure mode and effects analysis and value engineering are well-established methods in the manufacturing industry, commonly applied to optimize product reliability and cost, respectively. Both processes, however, require cross-functional teams to identify and evaluate the product/process functions and are resource-intensive, hence their application is mostly limited to large organizations. In this article, we present a methodology involving the concurrent execution of failure mode and effects analysis and value engineering, assisted by a set of hierarchical functional analysis diagram models, along with the outcomes of a pilot application in a UK-based manufacturing small and medium enterprise. Analysis of the results indicates that this new approach could significantly enhance the resource efficiency and effectiveness of both failure mode and effects analysis and value engineering processes.

关键词： Failure mode and effects analysis value engineering function-based design functional analysis diagram

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Using functional Analysis Diagrams for Production Cost Optimization

Using Functional Analysis Diagrams for Production Cost Optim...

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IEEE International Conference on Advanced Materials for Science and Engineering (IEEE-ICAMSE)

作者： Michalakoudis, Ioannis Childs, Peter Harding, James Imperial Coll London Dyson Sch Design Engn 10-12 Princes Gardens London England Ind Gas Springs Ltd 22 Wates Way London England

ISBN: (纸本)9781509038695

This paper presents a methodology combining Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Value Engineering (VE), assisted by a set of hierarchical functional Analysis Diagram (FAD) models, and its pilot introduction in a UK-based manufacturing Small Medium Enterprise (SME). The proposed methodology suggests the parallel execution of both processes, using a combination of FAD models and the FMEA tabular tool to yield results for both FMEA and VE. The resulting Risk Priority Number (RPN) is used to identify and prioritize not only the high-risk components requiring improvements (highest RPN values), but also the potentially superfluous components (lowest RPN values) that could be safely downgraded to reduce unnecessary costs.

关键词： function-based design functional Analysis Diagram Value Engineering FMEA Lean manufacturing

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A Knowledge-based Conceptual design Support System

A Knowledge-Based Conceptual Design Support System

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International Conference on Advanced design and Manufacturing Engineering (ADME 2011)

作者： Woldemichael, Dereje Engida Hashim, Fakhruldin Mohd Debnath, Sujan Curtin Univ Sarawak Malaysia Sch Sci & Engn Dept Mech Engn CDT 250 Miri 98009 Sarawak Malaysia Univ Teknol Petronas Dept Mech Engn Fitzgerald GA 31750 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783037852132

Conceptual design process is considered as the most critical and important phase of product design process. It is the stage where product's fundamental features are determined, large proportion of the lifecycle cost of the product is committed, and other major decisions are made, which have significant impact on the downstream design and related manufacturing processes. It is also a knowledge intensive process where diverse knowledge and several years of experience are put together to design quality and cost effective products. Unfortunately, computer support systems for this phase are lagging behind compared to the currently available commercial computer aided design (CAD) tools for the later stage of design. This paper proposes a knowledge-based conceptual design support system in which design concepts from existing products and previous experiences are captured and used to design future products. The conceptual design support system will assist designers during the conceptual design process by generating concepts on a morphology chart and handling some of the repetitive tasks. In addition, the generated concepts may inspire designers to generate new concepts. The design support system addresses the key features of conceptual design process such as functional analysis, concept generation and concept evaluation with aid of the production rules within the knowledge-based system.

关键词： CAD Conceptual design design support system function-based design Knowledge-based system

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function-based failure propagation for conceptual design

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AI EDAM-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ENGINEERING design ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING 2009年第4期23卷 409-426页

作者： Krus, Daniel Lough, Katie Grantham Missouri Univ Sci & Technol Dept Mech Engn Rolla MO 65409 USA Missouri Univ Sci & Technol Dept Interdisciplinary Engn Rolla MO 65409 USA

When designing a product, the earlier the potential risks can be identified, the more costs can be saved, as it is easier to modify a design in its early stages. Several methods exist to analyze the risk in a system, but all require a mature design, However. by applying the concept of "common interfaces" to a functional model and utilizing a historical knowledge base. it is possible to analyze chain of failures during the conceptual phase of product design. This paper presents a method based on these common interfaces to be used in conjunction with other methods such as risk in early design to allow a more complete risk analysis during the conceptual design phase. Finally, application of this method is demonstrated in a design setting by applying it to a thermal control subsytem.

关键词： Conceptual design function-based design Probabilistic Risk Analysis

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function-based, biologically inspired concept generation

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AI EDAM-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ENGINEERING design ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING 2010年第4期24卷 521-535页

作者： Nagel, Jacquelyn K. S. Nagel, Robert L. Stone, Robert B. McAdams, Daniel A. Oregon State Univ Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn Design Engn Lab Corvallis OR 97331 USA James Madison Univ Sch Engn Harrisonburg VA 22807 USA Texas A&M Univ Dept Mech Engn College Stn TX 77843 USA

The natural world provides numerous cases for inspiration in engineering design. Biological organisms, phenomena, and strategies, which we refer to as biological systems, provide a rich set of analogies. These systems provide insight into sustainable and adaptable design and offer engineers billions of years of valuable experience, which can be used to inspire engineering innovation. This research presents a general method for functionally representing biological systems through systematic design techniques, leading to the conceptualization of biologically inspired engineering designs. functional representation and abstraction techniques are used to translate biological systems into an engineering context. The goal is to make the biological information accessible to engineering designers who possess varying levels of biological knowledge but have a common understanding of engineering design. Creative or novel engineering designs may then be discovered through connections made between biology and engineering. To assist with making connections between the two domains concept generation techniques that use biological information, engineering knowledge, and automatic concept generation software are employed. Two concept generation approaches are presented that use a biological model to discover corresponding engineering components that mimic the biological system and use a repository of engineering and biological information to discover which biological components inspire functional solutions to fulfill engineering requirements. Discussion includes general guidelines for modeling biological systems at varying levels of fidelity, advantages, limitations, and applications of this research. The modeling methodology and the first approach for concept generation are illustrated by a continuous example of lichen.

关键词： Biologically Inspired Concept Generation Engineering design function-based design

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Scenario-driven modular design in managing market uncertainty

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT 2008年第4期42卷 459-487页

作者： Asan, Umut Polat, Seckin Sanchez, Ron Istanbul Tech Univ Dept Ind Engn TR-34367 Istanbul Turkey Copenhagen Business Sch Dept Innovat & Org Econ DK-2000 Frederiksberg Denmark Natl Univ Singapore Div Engn & Technol Management Singapore 117548 Singapore

Many organisational environments are far from equilibrium. The strategic flexibilities of modular product designs can help organisations prepare for an uncertain future, but managers must develop ways to imagine possible futures in order to use such flexibilities to respond to them. This paper discusses a scenario-based approach to anticipating and responding to uncertain futures by developing modular products that increase a firm's chances of succeeding in multiple alternative futures. After introducing the theoretical basis of this study, a structured approach to operationalising the generation of future scenarios and the development of modular product designs is developed. The approach consists of four stages: (1) the generation of scenarios about future market needs, (2) the translation of those needs into goals for modular designs, (3) the modular design process itself and (4) the evaluation of the modular design process. The modular design process we discuss is a function-based design approach that is form independent and thus allows joint consideration of future market needs and the product functions that can serve those needs. We illustrate our proposed approach by applying it to generate scenarios and modular design criteria for the Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) market in the security equipment sector in Turkey.

关键词： design capabilities function-based design market uncertainty modular product design modularity scenario planning scenarios strategic flexibility

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