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1st International Conference on Digital Transformation and Global Society (DTGS)

作者： Khanzhina, Natalia Putin, Evgeny ITMO Univ Comp Technol Lab 49 Kronverksky Pr St Petersburg 197101 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319497006;9783319496993

In this paper we propose a way of managing allergy and asthma based on pollen recognition using images from an optical microscope. gist descriptors are extracted as features. Our research can help to automate a time-consuming process of pollen grains classification, which is usually performed by highly qualified palynologists, and to create a real-time system of immediate notification about high atmospheric allergenic pollen concentration. Standard machine learning methods are applied and results are compared on different pollen datasets. The best model is support vector machine with 95.2% of accuracy on 9 pollen species and 98.3% on 5 pollen species.

关键词： Allergy management Asthma management Image recognition gist Machine learning Dimension reduction Pollen grains Image preprocessing

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Analysis of positive and negative emotions in natural scene using brain activity and gist

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NEUROCOMPUTING 2009年第4-6期72卷 1302-1306页

作者： Zhang, Qing Lee, Minho Kyungpook Natl Univ Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Taegu 702701 South Korea

This paper proposes a novel emotion understanding system based on brain activity and "gist' to categorize emotions reflected by natural scenes. According to the intensified relationship of human emotion and the brain activity, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) are used to analyze and classify emotional states stimulated by a natural scene. The "gist" is used to extract the visual low-level features, which are used as input signals to a classifier for obtaining the high-level emotional gist of a natural scene. Mean opinion scores are used for teaching signals of the classifier. Considering the way a human brain is responding to the same visual stimuli, a machine will be able to extract the emotional features of natural scenes using the "gist' and the EEG signals, judge the emotions reflected by the nature scenes and achieve interaction with a human in terms of emotional sharing through the EEG signals. The experimental results demonstrate that positive and negative emotions can be distinguished. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Emotion understanding fMRI EEG gist SVM IAPS

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Anal gist

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ACTA ENDOSCOPICA 2007年第1期37卷 63-75页

作者： Gillard, Perrine Marques, C. Coimbra Meunier, P. Boniver, J. De Leval, L. Gillard, V. CHU Sart Tilman Fac Med Liege B-4000 Liege Belgium CHU Sart Tilman Serv Chirurg Abdominale B-4000 Liege Belgium CHU Sart Tilman Serv Imagerie Med B-4000 Liege Belgium CHU Sart Tilman Serv Anatomopathol B-4000 Liege Belgium CHU Sart Tilman Serv Gastroenterol B-4000 Liege Belgium

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gists) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. They are positive to c-kit (CD117), more frequent in adult male, and are mostly found in the stomach, more rarely in the colon, rectum and oesophagus. Rectal gist is uncommon, and anal gist is even rarer. Surgery is the treatment of choice for resectable gists, and for other benign or malignant mesenchymal tumours. Surgery treatment consist of abdomino-perineal resection. Preoperative pathological diagnosis and staging are required. We hereafter report the case of one patient with anal gist and discuss the characteristics of this rare entity.

关键词： CD117 CD34 EUS EUS-FNA gastrointestinal stromal tumors gist imatimb MRI tyrosine kinase

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Duodenal gist metastasized to skull and orbit managed by surgery - A case report

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ASIAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY 2011年第4期34卷 181-184页

作者： Li, Lai-Fung Tse, Yat-Hang Ho, Siu-Lun Yan, Kin-Wing Lui, Wai-Man Univ Hong Kong Li Ka Shing Fac Med Dept Surg Div Neurosurg Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China Queen Mary Hosp Dept Pathol Pokfulam Hong Kong Peoples R China

We report a 26-year-old man with 6 years, history of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (gist) with liver, peritoneum and lung metastases. He presented with left eye ptosis, diplopia, left facial numbness and a left temporal fossa mass that was confirmed to be gist with left skull and left orbit metastases. Craniectomy with cranioplasty, tumor excision and decompression were performed. There was an improvement of his visual symptoms and facial numbness. To our knowledge, this is one of the few reports of surgical management of gist, metastasized to skull and orbit, with good symptomatic relief. Copyright (C) 2011, Asian Surgical Association. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.

关键词： gist orbit skull

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Exploring Novel Therapeutic Targets in gist: Focus on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway

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CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS 2013年第4期15卷 386-395页

作者： Patel, Shreyaskumar Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr Houston TX 77030 USA

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gists) are the most common soft tissue sarcoma, and most feature abnormalities in two genes encoding the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), KIT, and PDGFRA. The RTK inhibitor imatinib revolutionized treatment in gist;however, drug resistance remains a challenge. Constitutive autophosphorylation of RTKs is linked to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway hyperactivation, which is central to oncogenic signaling, and known to be dysregulated in gist. Preclinical experiments have confirmed that inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is a rational target for therapy. Early studies using mTOR inhibitors have shown limited success, which may be due to the activation of Akt that occurs following mTORC1 inhibition. Therefore, targeting PI3K or Akt, which lie upstream of mTORC1, may translate into more complete pathway inhibition. Several treatment strategies are currently being developed in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials. Compounds currently in development include pan-Class I PI3K inhibitors, dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, and Akt inhibitors. The aim of this review is to highlight the evidence for targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR-dependent mechanisms in gist and to evaluate the existing preclinical and clinical data supporting this strategy.

关键词： Akt gist Imatinib Inhibitor KIT mTOR PDGFRA PI3K RTK Targeted therapy

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Genetic changes in advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (gist) patients during imatinib mesylate treatment

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LANGENBECKS ARCHIVES OF SURGERY 2006年第6期391卷 615-621页

作者： Yeh, Chun-Nan Chen, Tsung-Wen Liu, Feng-Yuan Jan, Yi-Yin Chen, Miin-Fu Chang Gung Mem Hosp Dept Surg Taoyuan Taiwan Chang Gung Univ Chang Gung Mem Hosp Dept Nucl Med Taoyuan Taiwan

Purpose Imatinib mesylate showed a sustained objective response in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gists) since its introduction in 2001. Here we reported genetic changes during imatinib mesylate treatment especially when the patient had partial response or stationary disease. Materials and methods Between 2001 and June 2005, 44 advanced gist patients were treated with imatinib mesylate. Among them, five patients (11.9%) (four with partial response and one with stationary disease) received surgical treatment during imatinib mesylate treatment. We compared the genetic status of each tumor in the five patients before and after imatinib mesylate treatment. Results Symptomatic gallbladder stone with or without cholecystitis (two patients), lower GI bleeding (one patient), upper GI bleeding (one patient), and enterocutaneous fistula (one patient) comprised the indications for operation. Before imatinib mesylate treatment, four of the five patients displayed deletion mutation and one patient displayed point mutation in exon 11. After treatment, one patient developed second novel missense mutation in exon 17 with acquired resistance since he was administered with only half dose of imatinib mesylate. The other four patients taking the same dose of imatinib mesylate exhibited identical mutation to the previous lesions. Conclusions Necrosis of large and bulky tumors after imatinib mesylate therapy might be the reason of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and enterocutaneous fistula requiring surgical intervention. Imatinib mesylate could induce acquired resistance during treatment and second novel mutation might be the reason.

关键词： genetic change gist imatinib mesylate

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Prevalence of gastrointestinal stromal tumour (gist) in the United Kingdom at different therapeutic lines: an epidemiologic model

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BMC CANCER 2014年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： Amelio, Justyna M. Starczewska Ruzafa, Javier Cid Desai, Kamal Tzivelekis, Spiros Muston, Dominic Khalid, Javaria Mona Ashman, Philip Maguire, Andrew Evidera Health Econ & Epidemiol London W6 8DL England Bayer Pharma AG Global Market Access Berlin Germany Bayer PLC Hlth Econ Newbury RG14 1JA Berks England

Background: The prevalence of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumourgst (gist) who fail currently available treatments imatinib and sunitinib (third-line treatment-eligible gist) is unknown, but is expected to be below an ultra-orphan disease threshold of 2/100,000 population used in England and Wales. Our study was designed to estimate the prevalence and absolute number of UK patients with unresectable/metastatic gist at first-,second-and eventually third-line treatment. Methods: Our open population model estimates the probability that the prevalence of UK third-line treatment-eligible gist patients will remain under the ultra-orphan disease threshold. Model parameters for incidence, proportion of unresectable/ metastatic disease and survival estimates for gist patients were obtained from a targeted literature review and a UK cancer register. The robustness of the results was checked through differing scenarios taking extreme values of the input parameters. Results: The base-case scenario estimated a prevalence of third-line treatment-eligible gist of 1/100,000 and a prevalence count of 598 with a 99.9% likelihood of being below the ultra-orphan disease threshold. The extreme scenarios, one-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses and threshold analysis confirmed the robustness of these results. Conclusions: The prevalence of third-line treatment-eligible gist is very low and highly likely below the ultra-orphan disease threshold.

关键词： Epidemiology Prevalence Gastrointestinal stromal tumour gist Model Ultra-orphan disease

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Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: The gist of Precision Medicine

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TRENDS IN CANCER 2018年第1期4卷 74-91页

作者： Mei, Lin Smith, Steven C. Faber, Anthony C. Trent, Jonathan Grossman, Steven R. Stratakis, Constantine A. Boikos, Sosipatros A. Virginia Commonwealth Univ VCU Massey Canc Ctr Richmond VA 23284 USA VCU Sch Med Dept Pathol Richmond VA USA VCU Sch Med Dept Surg Richmond VA USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Sch Dent VCU Phillips Inst Oral Hlth Res Richmond VA USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Massey Canc Ctr Richmond VA USA Sylvester Comprehens Canc Ctr Miami FL USA Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum Rockville MD USA

The discovery of activated KIT mutations in gastrointestinal (GI) stromal tumors (gists) in 1998 triggered a sea change in our understanding of these tumors and has ushered in a new paradigm for the use of molecular genetic diagnostics to guide targeted therapies. KIT and PDGFRA mutations account for 85-90% of gists;subsequent genetic studies have led to the identification of mutation/epimutation of additional genes, including the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunit A, B, C, and D genes. This review focuses on integrating findings from clinicopathologic, genetic, and epigenetic studies, which classify gists into two distinct clusters: an SDH-competent group and an SDH-deficient group. This development is important since it revolutionizes our current management of affected patients and their relatives, fundamentally, based on the gist genotype.

关键词： gastrointestinal stromal tumor gist imatinib KIT PDGFRA SDH BRAF KRAS NF-1 SDHCme Carney–Stratakis syndrome Carney triad

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Imatinib induces autophagy via upregulating XIAP in gist882 cells

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BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第4期488卷 584-589页

作者： Xie, Qingqing Lin, Qj Li, Dezhi Chen, Jianming Xiamen Univ Sch Life Sci Xiamen 361102 Fujian Peoples R China Third Inst Oceanog Fujian Collaborat Innovat Ctr Exploitat & Utiliza Key Lab Marine Genet Resources Xiamen 361005 Fujian Peoples R China

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gists) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms originating from the gastrointestinal tract with gain of function mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases KIT or platelet derived growth factor receptor A (PDGFRA). The main effective treatment for gists is tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib mesylate. However, gists respond to imatinib treatment eventually develop acquired resistance, which is a main obstacle for gists therapy. Therefore, it's urgent to have a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the imatinib resistance in gists to develop novel therapeutic strategies. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is the most potent apoptosis inhibitor among the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family members. Increased cellular expression of XIAP often leads to drug resistance in cancers. Here we report that XIAP is induced upon imatinb treatment in gist882 cells, leading to imatinib-induced autophagy. Imatinib-induced autophagy was impaired in XIAP-knockout cells generated by CRISPR/Cas9 system demonstrated by the decreasing of LC3 lipidation. XIAP knockout sensitizes gist882 cells to imatinib-induced apoptotic cell death, suggesting that XIAP protects gist882 cells from imatinib-induced cell death by inducing autophagy. Thus, the resistance of the gist882 cells to imatinib appears to be, in part, due to the increasing of XIAP and subsequent induction of autophagy. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： XIAP Autophagy gist Imatinib

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Additional malignancies in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (gist): incidence, pathology and prognosis according to a time of occurrence-based classification

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CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY 2019年第5期21卷 646-655页

作者： Fernandez, J. A. Olivares, V. Gomez-Ruiz, A. J. Ferri, B. Frutos, M. D. Soria, T. Torres, G. Parrilla, P. Hosp Clin Univ Virgen de la Arrixaca Serv Cirugia Gen & Aparato Digest Ctra El Palmar S-N Murcia 30120 Spain Hosp Clin Univ Virgen de la Arrixaca Serv Anat Patol Ctra El Palmar S-N Murcia Spain

BackgroundThe aim of the study is to clarify if a classification based on the time of occurrence of associated malignancies in gist patients can help in the understanding of the clinical controversies observed in these *** retrospectively reviewed all the patients diagnosed with gist tumors between January 1999 and October 2016. They were divided into gist patients associated with other tumors (A-gist) and those not associated (NA-gist). A-gist patients were also divided into four types according to the proposed *** 104 gist patients, 32 (30.7%) (A-gist group) had at least one additional primary malignancy. The most frequent location of the associated malignancy was the GI tract (26%). Compared to NA-gist, A-gist were more often asymptomatic with a lower risk of recurrence. The maincause of death in NAgist was gist itself, being associated tumors the main cause of death in A-gist group. No differences were found in DFS and OS between A-gist and *** use of the proposed classification classifies gist patients with associated malignancies in different subtypes that differ substantially in terms of incidence, type of neoplasms associated, cause of the association and prognosis.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumor gist Multiple neoplasms Associated neoplasms Classification

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