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A Robust Watermarking Scheme Based on ROI and IWT for Remote Consultation of COVID-19

Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第9期64卷 1435-1452页

作者： Xiaorui Zhang Wenfang Zhang Wei Sun Tong Xu Sunil Kumar Jha Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Engineering Research Center of Digital ForensicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China IT Fundamentals and Education Technologies Applications University of Information Technology and Management in RzeszowRzeszow100031Poland

In the current dire situation of the corona virus COVID-19,remote consultations were proposed to avoid cross-infection and regional differences in medical ***,the safety of digital medical imaging in remote consultations has also attracted more and more attention from the medical *** ensure the integrity and security of medical images,this paper proposes a robust watermarking algorithm to authenticate and recover from the distorted medical images based on regions of interest(ROI)and integer wavelet transform(IWT).First,the medical image is divided into two different parts,regions of interest and non-interest *** the integrity of ROI is verified using the hash algorithm,and the recovery data of the ROI region is calculated at the same ***,binary images with the basic information of patients are processed by logistic chaotic map encryption,and then the synthetic watermark is embedded in the medical carrier image using IWT *** performance of the proposed algorithm is tested by the simulation experiments based on the MATLAB program in CT images of the *** results show that the algorithm can precisely locate the distorted areas of an image and recover the original ROI on the basis of verifying image *** maximum peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR)value of 51.24 has been achieved,which proves that the watermark is invisible and has strong robustness against noise,compression,and filtering attacks.

关键词： Digital watermarking logistic hash algorithm ROI IWT

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FSR-SPD: an efficient chaotic multi-image encryption system based on flip-shift-rotate synchronous-permutation-diffusion operation

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2023年第19期83卷 57011-57057页

作者： Raghuvanshi, Ankita Budhia, Muskan Patro, K. Abhimanyu Kumar Acharya, Bibhudendra Natl Inst Technol Raipur Dept Elect & Commun Engn Raipur 492010 Chhattisgarh India Manipal Acad Higher Educ Manipal Inst Technol Dept Mechatron Manipal 576104 Karnataka India

Images are a crucial component in contemporary data transmission. Numerous images are transmitted daily through the open-source network. This paper presents a multi-image encryption scheme that utilises flip-shift-rotate synchronous-permutation-diffusion (FSR-SPD) processes to ensure the security of multiple images in a single encryption operation. The proposed encryption technique distinguishes itself from current multi-image encryption methods by utilising SPD operation and rapid FSR-based pixel-shuffling and diffusion operation. The SPD is a cryptographic technique that involves the simultaneous application of permutation and diffusion methods. The FSR-based process involves the manipulation of pixels through three different operations, namely flipping, shifting, and rotating. In the process of encryption, the image components of red, green, and blue colours are merged into a single composite image. The large image is partitioned into non-overlapping blocks of uniform size. The SPD technique is employed to tackle each specific block. The encryption method is efficient and expeditious as it exhibits high performance with both FSR and SPD procedures. The method employs a single, fixed-type, one-dimensional, piecewise linear chaotic map (PWLCM) for both the permutation and diffusion phases, resulting in high efficiency in both software and hardware. The proposed method is assessed using key space, histogram variance, neighbouring pixel correlation, information entropy, and computational complexity. The proposed method has a much bigger key space than the comparative method. Compared to comparison approaches, the suggested solution reduces encrypted picture histogram variance by 6.22% and neighbouring pixel correlations by 77.78%. Compared to the comparison technique, the proposed scheme has a slightly higher information entropy of 0.0025%. Other multiple-color image encryption methods are more computationally intensive than the suggested method. Computer simulations

关键词： Security Multiple image encryption Flip-shift-rotate Synchronous-permutation-diffusion hash algorithm 1D chaotic maps

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Reconfigurable and High-Efficiency Password Recovery algorithms Based on HRCA

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IEEE ACCESS 2021年 9卷 18085-18111页

作者： Li, Bin Feng, Feng Chen, Xiaojie Cao, Yan Zhengzhou Univ Sch Informat Engn Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China PLA Strateg Support Force Informat & Engn Univ State Key Lab Math Engn & Adv Comp Zhengzhou 450001 Peoples R China

Cryptographic algorithms are widely used in information security fields such as network protocol authentication and commercial encryption software. Password recovery based on the hash algorithm is an important means of electronic forensics, encrypted information restoration, illegal information filtering, and network security maintenance. The traditional password recovery system is based mainly on the CPU and GPU and has a low energy efficiency ratio and cracking efficiency and cannot meet high-performance computing requirements. To further improve the computational efficiency and application flexibility of password recovery algorithms, this paper proposes a reconfigurable computing kernel design method based on a hybrid reconfigurable computing array (HRCA). Through in-depth analysis of the hash algorithm, the basic computing kernel set is extracted, and the combination design is carried out from the unit kernel, interconnection and storage structure to reconstruct the hash algorithm to match the application with the appropriate structure. Second, combined with the pipeline technology, the full pipeline hash and high-speed password attack algorithms are optimized and implemented to meet the needs of high-performance computing. Finally, an advanced computing kernel library is established, and the combination of a computing kernel map from the control and communication levels to achieve multidimensional reconfigurable computing and an overall placement strategy is used to make full use of the chip resources to improve computational efficiency. The experimental results and analysis show that compared with traditional CPU and GPU methods, the password recovery algorithm designed in this paper has the highest cracking speeds at 78.22 times and 2.65 times that of the CPU and GPU, respectively, and the highest energy efficiency ratio is 25.88 times and 3.16 times that of the CPU and GPU, respectively. Furthermore, the recovery efficiency has been significantly improved an

关键词： Kernel Password Graphics processing units Field programmable gate arrays Hardware Scalability Computer architecture HRCA computing kernel reconfigurable hash algorithm password recovery

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Analysis and detection of errors in implementation of SHA-512 algorithms on FPGAs

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COMPUTER JOURNAL 2007年第6期50卷 728-738页

作者： Ahmad, Imtiaz Das, A. Shoba Kuwait Univ Dept Comp Engn Safat 13060 Kuwait

The Secure hash algorithm SHA-512 is a dedicated cryptographic hash function widely considered for use in data integrity assurance and data origin authentication security services. Reconfigurable hardware devices such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) offer a flexible and easily upgradeable platform for implementation of cryptographic hash functions. Owing to the iterative structure of SHA-512, even a single transient error at any stage of the hash value computation will result in large number of errors in the final hash value. Hence, detection of errors becomes a key design issue. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the propagation of errors to the output in the hardware implementation of SHA-512. Included in this analysis are single, transient as well as permanent faults that may appear at any stage of the hash value computation. We then propose an error detection scheme based on parity codes and hardware redundancy. We report the performance metrics such as area, memory, and throughput for the implementation of SHA-512 with error detection capability on an FPGA of ALTERA. We achieved 100% fault coverage in the case of single faults with an area overhead of 21% and with a reduced throughput of 11.6% with the error detection circuit.

关键词： hash algorithm FPGSs error analysis error detection

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An efficient dual-layer cross-coupled chaotic map security-based multi-image encryption system

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NONLINEAR DYNAMICS 2021年第3期104卷 2759-2805页

作者： Patro, K. Abhimanyu Kumar Acharya, Bibhudendra Natl Inst Technol Raipur Dept Elect & Commun Engn Raipur 492010 Chhattisgarh India

This paper proposes an effective image encryption method to encrypt several images in one encryption process. The proposed encryption scheme differs from the current multiple image encryption schemes because of their two-layer cross-coupled chaotic map-based permutation-diffusion operation. Block-shuffling, left-right (L-R) flipping and then bit-XOR diffusion operations are carried out in the first layer using one set of cross-coupled chaotic map. Block-shuffling, up-down (U-D) flipping and then bit-XOR diffusion operations are performed with another set of cross-coupled chaotic maps in the second layer. The two different layers of permutation-diffusion make the proposed algorithm more efficient than the existing multi-image encryption algorithms. Moreover, the combination of block-based shuffling and flip operation decreases the algorithm's computational complexity, which means enhancing the time efficiency of the algorithm. In cross-coupling operation, the use of a single fixed-type one-dimensional chaotic map-piece-wise linear chaotic map (PWLCM) makes the algorithm efficient both in hardware and in software. PWLCM's initial values and system parameters (keys) are generated by means of the hash values of original images that resist the algorithm against the attacks of chosen-plaintext and known-plaintext. Results of simulation and comparative security analysis reveal that the suggested scheme is more effective in encryption and resists better against all widely used attacks.

关键词： Security Multi-image encryption Cross-coupling Data hiding Chaos hash algorithm

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Detection model for network access data tampering attacks with blockchain technology

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INTELLIGENT DECISION TECHNOLOGIES-NETHERLANDS 2024年第4期18卷 3333-3345页

作者： Huang, Cong Nong, Liyong Nong, Yingxiong Lu, Ying Chen, Zhibin Li, Zhe China Tobacco Guangxi Ind Co LTD Nanning Guangxi Peoples R China Centrin Data Grp Co Ltd Beijing 100176 Peoples R China

This paper studies the detection model of network access data tampering attack based on blockchain technology to solve the problem of over-dependence on central server and easy data tampering in traditional network environment. The model uses decentralization and encryption technology to monitor user behavior in real time through smart contracts, enhances data protection with SHA-256 hash algorithm, and combines consensus algorithm to ensure data consistency and security. The experimental results show that the model performs well in detecting multiple attack types with an accuracy of 99.51% and an F1 score of 0.98, far exceeding traditional methods and other deep learning techniques. The model shows good robustness under multi-node attacks, even with 200 attack nodes, the recognition accuracy is still close to 90%, and the response time is less than 3 seconds. Cross-platform testing showed that the model quickly and consistently detected tampering on both Ethereum and Hyperledger, with an average detection time between 0.33 and 0.47 *** hardware acceleration test further shows that the processing speed and hardware utilization of TPU and GPU have been improved, with TPU processing speed reaching 135 MB/s and GPU 122 MB/s. This study will provide a theoretical basis for improving the security, effectiveness and reliability of current network systems, and also lay a solid theoretical and technical foundation for network applications in future network environments.

关键词： Blockchain technology central server data tampering attack detection convolutional neural network hash algorithm

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An efficient two-level image encryption system using chaotic maps

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND COMPUTER SECURITY 2023年第1-2期21卷 35-69页

作者： Patro, K. Abhimanyu Kumar Acharya, Bibhudendra Manipal Inst Technol Manipal Acad Higher Educ Dept Mechatron Engn Manipal India Natl Inst Technol Raipur Dept Elect & Commun Engn Raipur 492010 Chhattisgarh India

This paper proposes an image securing technique that aims to provide two-level security on two images in terms of encryption at the same time. In this technique, both bit and pixel-level encryptions are carried out;first, the pixel-level-shuffling is performed using the piece-wise linear chaotic map (PWLCM);then, the diffusion in bit-level is performed using the key-image. The bit-level diffusion using chaos not just to confuse the pixels, but is also diffuses them intensely. In addition, the bit and pixel-level processes improve that algorithm's security. Additionally, the parallel bit-plane diffusion process reduces the method's computational complexity. This technique uses one type of one-dimensional chaotic map in both permutation and diffusion, thereby increasing the algorithm's hardware and software efficiency. The results of the security analysis and simulation show that the suggested method is more effective in encoding and improves the security of the encrypted images.

关键词： security dual-image encryption chaos hash algorithm permutation diffusion

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BE-AC: reliable blockchain-based anti-counterfeiting traceability solution for pharmaceutical industry

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CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第6期27卷 8119-8139页

作者： Cao, Youliang Guan, Shaopeng Wang, Debao Wang, Zhenqi Shandong Technol & Business Univ Sch Informat & Elect Engn Huanghai Rd St Yantai 264003 Shandong Peoples R China

Currently, blockchain-based solutions for drug traceability encounter challenges related to counterfeit drug prevention, user identity verification, and scalability. This paper presents BE-AC, an enhanced blockchain-based drug traceability solution. To bolster the authenticity and integrity of drug information, we innovatively upgraded the EdDSA (Edwards-curve Digital Signature algorithm) digital signature algorithm. Our enhancement incorporates the more advanced and efficient BLAKE3 hash function, replacing the conventional SHA-512 (Secure hash algorithm 512-bit). By employing larger hash windows and secure, efficient hash iteration modes, we expedite the generation and verification of digital signatures for drug information, thereby enhancing the overall performance and security of the system. Additionally, we have devised a decentralized identity authentication scheme. Through on-chain stored identity information, all participants can mutually verify each other's identities, effectively preventing identity impersonation and fraudulent transactions. Furthermore, we have implemented smart contracts to record and store all transaction information on-chain during the drug distribution process, ensuring reliable and convenient drug transaction traceability. To address scalability and information security, we introduced a collaborative on-chain and off-chain drug information storage solution. Experimental results demonstrate a remarkable 78.65% improvement in signature verification efficiency compared to the original algorithm. The designed solution exhibits noteworthy enhancements in identity authentication, system throughput, and storage efficiency.

关键词： Blockchain Pharmaceuticals Anti-counterfeiting traceability hash algorithm Digital signature

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A Mesh-Structured Scalable IPsec Processor

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VERY LARGE SCALE INTEGRATION (VLSI) SYSTEMS 2010年第5期18卷 725-731页

作者： Wang, Mao-Yin Wu, Cheng-Wen Natl Tsing Hua Univ Lab Reliable Comp EE Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan

IP security (IPsec) protocols are widely used to protect sensitive data over the Internet. For equipment linked by high-bandwidth optical fibers, the throughput requirement usually results in the adoption of high-performance network security processors. In this paper, we propose a parallel mesh-structured IPsec (MIPsec) processor, which executes the IPsec protocols for Internet security gateway applications. We have developed several area-efficient cryptographic IPs embedded in MIPsec to lower silicon cost. Thanks to structural regularity, the simple deterministic programming of MIPsec guarantees high utilization of the hardware. Also, both handshake and contention issues are solved in the scheme, such that performance can be scaled up. Specifically, the 6.23-million-gate MIPsec achieves 10-Gb/s wire speed for each routing direction. The proposed MIPsec is suitable for transport mode or other crypto mix as well.

关键词： Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cryptography hardware design hash algorithm IP security (IPsec) network security parallel architecture

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A Simple and Fast Medical Image Encryption System Using Chaos-Based Shifting Techniques

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SECURITY AND PRIVACY 2022年第1期16卷 1-24页

作者： Dash, Sachikanta Padhy, Sasmita Parija, Bodhisatwa Rojashree, T. Patro, K. Abhimanyu Kumar GIET Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Gunupur Odisha India VIT Bhopal Univ Bhopal India DRIEMS Cuttack Cuttack India Manipal Acad Higher Educ Manipal Inst Technol Manipal 576104 Karnataka India

Medical images such as brain MRIs, ultrasounds, and X-ray images are currently used by doctors to treat many serious diseases in most hospitals and clinics. These images play a major role in medical diagnosis. Diagnostic images with sensitive patient data are recorded and exchanged owing to the advancement of public networks. As a result, maintaining the privacy of sensitive patient data is becoming increasingly important. In medical imaging, the pixels are highly correlated. To reduce pixel correlation, a variety of complex encryption methods have been used in recent years, increasing the algorithm's computational complexity. This paper proposes an image encryption method based on chaos-based shifting operations. Security, convenience, and speed are all advantages of shifting activities. This method initially executes bit-plane flipping and permutation operations, then block-based flipping and diffusion operations to obtain the cipher images. The simulation and security analysis findings show that the proposed approach performs better.

关键词： Bit-plane Chaos Diffusion hash algorithm Image Encryption Medical Images Permutation Security

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