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RECURSIVE PYRAMIDS AND THEIR USE FOR IMAGE-CODING

PATTERN RECOGNITION LETTERS 1984年第5期2卷 301-310页

作者： ALEXANDROV, VV GORSKY, ND MYSKO, SN Leningrad Research Computer Centre of the USSR Academy of Sciences USSR

Recursive pyramidal image representation in image coding algorithms through the use of the pyramid structure, and recursive two-dimensional scannings are introduced. Two approaches to the decorrelation of the picture elements in such a data structure are considered. Properties of different two-dimensional scannings as well as statistical properties of the recursive pyramid and their use for the development of image coding algorithms are shown. Experimental results demonstrating the achieved compression ratio and distortions are provided.

关键词： Compression hierarchical data structure pyramid quadtree space-filling curve two-dimensional scanning

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Short communication: On recognizing the proper experimental unit in animal studies in the dairy sciences

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JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE 2016年第11期99卷 8871-8879页

作者： Bello, Nora M. Kramer, Matthew Tempelman, Robert J. Stroup, Walter W. St-Pierre, Normand R. Craig, Bruce A. Young, Linda J. Gbur, Edward E. Kansas State Univ Dept Stat Manhattan KS 66506 USA ARS USDA Beltsville MD 20705 USA Michigan State Univ Dept Anim Sci E Lansing MI 48824 USA Univ Nebraska Dept Stat Lincoln NE 68583 USA Ohio State Univ Dept Anim Sci Columbus OH 43210 USA Purdue Univ Dept Stat W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Natl Agr Stat Serv Washington DC 20250 USA Univ Arkansas Agr Stat Lab Fayetteville AR 72701 USA

Sound design of experiments combined with proper implementation of appropriate statistical methods for data analysis are critical for producing meaningful scientific results that are both replicable and reproducible. This communication addresses specific aspects of design and analysis of experiments relevant to the dairy sciences and, in so doing, responds to recent concerns raised in a letter to the editor of the Journal of Dairy Science regarding journal policy for research publications on pen-based animal studies. We further elaborate on points raised, rectify interpretation of important concepts, and show how aspects of statistical inference and elicitation of research conclusions are affected.

关键词： experimental unit replication observational unit hierarchical data structure pen

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Efficient Hausdorff Distance computation for freeform geometric models in close proximity

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COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN 2013年第2期45卷 270-276页

作者： Kim, Yong-Joon Oh, Young-Taek Yoon, Seung-Hyun Kim, Myung-Soo Elber, Gershon Seoul Natl Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Seoul 151744 South Korea Samsung Adv Inst Technol Yongin 446712 Gyeonggi South Korea Dongguk Univ Dept Multimedia Engn Seoul 100715 South Korea Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci IL-32000 Haifa Israel

We present an interactive-speed algorithm for computing the Hausdorff Distance (HD) between two freeform geometric models represented with NURBS surfaces. The algorithm is based on an effective technique for matching a surface patch from one model to the corresponding nearby surface patch on the other model. To facilitate the matching procedure, we employ a bounding volume hierarchy (BVH) for freeform NURBS surfaces, which provides a hierarchy of Coons patches and bilinear surfaces approximating the NURBS surfaces (Kim et al., 2011 [1]). Comparing the local HD upper bound against a global HD lower bound, we can eliminate the majority of redundant surface patches from further consideration. The resulting algorithm and the associated data structures are considerably simpler than the previous BVH-based HD algorithms. As a result, we can compute the HD of two freeform geometric models efficiently and robustly even when the two models are in close proximity. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach using several experimental results. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Hausdorff Distance NURBS surface Coons patch Bounding volume hierarchy (BVH) hierarchical data structure Geometric algorithm

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hierarchical structures for collision checking between virtual characters

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COMPUTER ANIMATION AND VIRTUAL WORLDS 2014年第3-4期25卷 333-342页

作者： Stuevel, Sybren A. Magnenat-Thalmann, Nadia Thalmann, Daniel Egges, Arjan van der Stappen, A. Frank Univ Utrecht VHTLab Dept Informat & Comp Sci Utrecht Netherlands Univ Utrecht VHTLab Utrecht Netherlands Nanyang Technol Univ Inst Media Innovat Singapore 639798 Singapore

Simulating a crowded scene like a busy shopping street requires tight packing of virtual characters. In such cases, collisions are likely to occur, and the choice in collision detection shape will influence how characters are allowed to intermingle. Full collision detection is too expensive for crowds, so simplifications are needed. The most common simplification, the fixed-width, pose-independent cylinder, does not allow intermingling of characters, as it will either cause too much empty space between characters or undetected penetrations. As a possible solution to this problem, we introduce the bounding cylinder hierarchy (BCH), a bounding volume hierarchy that uses vertical cylinders as bounding shapes. Because the BCH is a generalization of the single cylinder, we expect that this representation can be easily integrated with existing crowd simulation systems. We compare our BCH with commonly used collision shapes, namely the single cylinder and oriented bounding box tree, in terms of query time, construction time, and represented volume. To get an indication of possible crowd densities, we investigate how close characters can be before collision is detected and finally propose a critical maximum depth for the BCH. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： collision detection hierarchical data structure geometric algorithms shape approximation

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hierarchical multiple informants models: examining food environment contributions to the childhood obesity epidemic

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STATISTICS IN MEDICINE 2014年第4期33卷 662-674页

作者： Baek, Jonggyu Sanchez, Brisa N. Sanchez-Vaznaugh, Emma V. Univ Michigan Dept Biostat Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA San Francisco State Univ Dept Hlth Educ San Francisco CA 94132 USA

Methods for multiple informants help to estimate the marginal effect of each multiple source predictor and formally compare the strength of their association with an outcome. We extend multiple informant methods to the case of hierarchical data structures to account for within cluster correlation. We apply the proposed method to examine the relationship between features of the food environment near schools and children's body mass index z-scores (BMIz). Specifically, we compare the associations between two different features of the food environment (fast food restaurants and convenience stores) with BMIz and investigate how the association between the number of fast food restaurants or convenience stores and child's BMIz varies across distance from a school. The newly developed methodology enhances the types of research questions that can be asked by investigators studying effects of environment on childhood obesity and can be applied to other fields. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： generalized estimating equations multiple informants hierarchical data structure

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A Form Evaluation System and Its data structure for Brush-Written Chinese Characters

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 1995年第1期10卷 35-41页

作者：曾建超 HidehikoSanada YoshikazuTezuka Laboratory of Information Processing and Its Applications Department of Computer Science & Technology Tsinghua University Beijing Department of Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering Osaka University Suita City Japan

A form evaluation system for brush-written Chinese characters is *** knowledge used in the system is represented in the form of ruleswith the help of a data structure proposed in this paper. Reflecting the spe-cific hierarchical relations among radicals and strokes of Chinese characters,the proposed data structure is based upon a character model that can generatebrush-written Chinese characters on a computer. Through evaluation experi-ments using the developed system, it is shown that representation of calligraphicknowledge and form evaluation of Chinese characters can be smoothly realizedif the data structure is utilized.

关键词： Brush-written Chinese characters form evaluation calligraphic knowledge hierarchical data structure character generation model

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hierarchically spatial autoregressive and moving average error model

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ECONOMIC MODELLING 2019年 76卷 14-30页

作者： Ye, Qianting Liang, Huajie Lin, Kuan-Pin Long, Zhihe South China Univ Technol Sch Econ & Commerce Guangzhou 510006 Guangdong Peoples R China Bank Dongguan Co Ltd Dongguan 523000 Peoples R China Arizona State Univ Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning Tempe AZ 85281 USA Portland State Univ Dept Econ Box 751 Portland OR 97207 USA South China Univ Technol Sch Business Adm Guangzhou 510641 Guangdong Peoples R China

This paper considers a hierarchically spatial autoregressive and moving average error (HSEARMA) model. This model captures the spatially autoregressive and moving average error correlation, the county-level random effects, and the district-level random effects nested within each county. We propose optimal generalized method of moments (GMM) estimators for the spatial error correlation coefficient and the error components' variances terms, as well as a feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) estimator for the regression parameter vector. Further, we prove consistency of the GMM estimator and establish the asymptotic distribution of the FGLS estimator. A finite-scale Monte Carlo simulation is conducted to demonstrate the good finite sample performances of our GMM-FGLS estimators.

关键词： hierarchically spatial autoregressive and moving average error model hierarchical data structure GMM-FGLS estimation Monte Carlo simulation

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Pyramids of n-dimensional generalized maps

Pyramids of n-dimensional generalized maps

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5th International Workshop on Graph-Based Representations in Pattern Recognition

作者： Grasset-Simon, C Damiand, G Lienhardt, P Univ Poitiers CNRS FRE 2731 SIC F-86962 Futuroscope France

ISBN: (纸本)3540252703

Graph pyramids are often used for representing irregular pyramids. Combinatorial pyramids have been recently defined for this purpose. We define here pyramids of n-dimensional generalized maps. This is the main contribution of this work: a generic definition in any dimension which extend and generalize the previous works. Moreover, such pyramids explicitly represent more topological information than graph pyramids. A pyramid can be implemented in several ways, and three representations are discussed in this paper.

关键词： hierarchical data structure irregular pyramids generalized map n-G-map pyramids multi-resolution

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Some Applications of Interval Arithmetic in hierarchical Solid Modeling

Some Applications of Interval Arithmetic in Hierarchical Sol...

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International Dagstuhl Seminar on Numerical Validation in Current Hardware Architectures

作者： Dyllong, Eva Univ Duisburg Essen Dept Comp Sci & Appl Cognit Sci D-47057 Duisburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642015908

Reliable computing techniques, like interval arithmetic, call be used to guarantee reliable solutions even in the presence of numerical round-off errors. The use of such techniques can eliminate the need to trace bounds for the error function separately. In this paper, we show how the techniques and algorithms of reliable computing can be applied to the construction and further processing of hierarchical solid representations, using the octree model as an example.

关键词： Reliable solid modeling hierarchical data structure interval arithmetic

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Wise Counting: Fast and Efficient Batch Authentication for Large-Scale RFID Systems 14

Wise Counting: Fast and Efficient Batch Authentication for L...

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15th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing

作者： Gong, Wei Liu, Yunhao Nayak, Amiya Wang, Cheng Tsinghua Univ Sch Software TNLIST Beijing Peoples R China Univ Ottawa Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Ottawa ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450326209

Radio Frequency Identification technology (RFID) is widely used in many applications, such as asset monitoring, e-passport and electronic payment, and is becoming one of the most effective solutions in cyber physical system. Since the identification alone does not provide any guarantee that tag corresponds to genuine identity, authentication of tag information is needed in most RFID systems. Meanwhile, as the number of tags is rapidly growing in recent years, per-tag based methods suffer from severely low efficiency and thus give way to probabilistic batch authentication. Most previous methods, however, share a common drawback from statistical perspective: they fail to explore correlation information, i.e., they do not comprehensively utilize all the information in authentication data structures. In addition, those schemes are not scalable well when multiple tag sets need to be verified simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a fast and efficient batch authentication scheme, Wise Counting (WIC), for large-scale RFID systems. We are the first to formally introduce the general batch authentication problem with multiple tag sets and give counterfeits estimation scheme with high efficiency. By employing a novel hierarchical authentication structure, we show that WIC is able to fast and efficiently authenticate both a single tag set and multiple tag sets in an easy, intuitive way. Through detailed theoretical analysis and extensive simulations, we validate the design of WIC and demonstrate its large superiority over state-of-the art approaches.

关键词： RFID tags batch authentication counterfeits estimation hierarchical data structure

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