This paper takes the vehicles scheduling of hazardous materials as the research object. First, considered the four objectives of risk minimization, cost minimization, risk equilibrium value minimization, and duration ...
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This paper takes the vehicles scheduling of hazardous materials as the research object. First, considered the four objectives of risk minimization, cost minimization, risk equilibrium value minimization, and duration minimization, the vehicles robust scheduling of hazardous materials in multiple distribution centers with risk balance is constructed. Then, uncertain models are transformed into peer-to-peer models through the idea of robust discrete optimization. By introducing the crossover and mutation operators of genetic algorithm into particleswarmalgorithm, a hybridparticleswarmalgorithm is constructed, and three-stage coding rules are adopted. Finally, case study is exemplified to prove the feasibility of the model and algorithm. The results show that the obtained scheduling scheme for the vehicles of hazardous materials minimizes the risk value and makes the risk distribution more balanced for the government regulatory department, and the vehicle can avoid certain road sections with relatively large risk values. For transportation enterprises, the vehicle scheduling scheme for transporting hazardous materials minimizes the cost and shortens the task duration at the same time. In the case of risk uncertainty, different robust control parameters are introduced to make the vehicles robust scheduling of hazardous materials have different degrees of stability.
Increased integration of photovoltaics (PVs) systems and charging stations for electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a substantial increase in the level of voltage unbalance beyond the acceptable limit. Ordinary voltage ...
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Increased integration of photovoltaics (PVs) systems and charging stations for electric vehicles (EVs) has led to a substantial increase in the level of voltage unbalance beyond the acceptable limit. Ordinary voltage regulation devices such as on-load tap changers (OLTCs) and distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) are sometimes incapable of adequately addressing this issue without proper coordination with PVs and EVs. This paper presents a novel real-time optimal coordination scheme to determine the tap position of OLTC, the amount of reactive power to be exchanged by DSTATCOM and a PV inverter, and the phase connection of EVs. The proposed scheme aims to maintain the voltage magnitude and voltage unbalance within the statutory limit while minimising the power losses in an active unbalanced power distribution system. Advanced and hybridparticleswarmoptimisation (AHPSO) algorithm is also developed to solve the optimisation problem, and its robustness in comparison with other techniques is verified. The impact of uncoordinated voltage control and proposed control on voltage unbalance and power losses are investigated. Time-series simulations confirm the significance and scalability of the developed coordination control scheme on IEEE 37-node and IEEE 123-node test feeders with real data and different PV penetration levels.
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