In hydrogen refueling stations, polymer O-rings are used for high-pressure hydrogen containers and transfer pipes to prevent gas leakage. A technology has been developed to measure the hydrogen uptake and diffusivity ...
详细信息
In hydrogen refueling stations, polymer O-rings are used for high-pressure hydrogen containers and transfer pipes to prevent gas leakage. A technology has been developed to measure the hydrogen uptake and diffusivity of the polymer materials used in these O-rings. The process involves charging the polymer material with hydrogen under a maximum pressure of 90 MPa, then depressurizing it. Afterward, the polymer is placed in a cylinder partially submerged in water. The pressure difference causes hydrogen gas to be released from the polymer material, resulting in a decrease in the water level in the cylinder, which corresponds to the increase in the volume of released hydrogen gas. To measure this volume change in real-time, a brightness analysisalgorithm was developed to track the water level, which takes the form of a crescent shape inside the cylinder. This allows for precise tracking of the water level change. Using the real-time volume change data, the number of moles of released hydrogen gas is calculated based on the ideal gas law. This technology enables the evaluation of hydrogen uptake and diffusivity of polymer materials using a self-developed diffusivity analysis program. This technology was applied to evaluate hydrogen uptake and diffusivity in sulfur-crosslinked EPDM composites containing carbon black and silica fillers. The relationship between filler types and the hydrogen uptake/diffusivity of the EPDM composites was measured across a pressure range of 2 MPa to 90 MPa. The effects of fillers and pressure on hydrogen uptake and diffusivity were studied. Additionally, the correlation between the physical stability of the EPDM composites and their hydrogen uptake/diffusivity was investigated. A positive proportional relationship was found between the volume expansion of the EPDM composite and the hydrogen uptake/diffusivity, while a negative proportional relationship was observed between the polymer's density and its hydrogen uptake/***, t
Background: Screening for diabetic eye disease (DED) and general diabetes care is often separate, which leads to delays and low adherence to DED screening recommendations. Thus, we assessed the feasibility, achieved i...
详细信息
Background: Screening for diabetic eye disease (DED) and general diabetes care is often separate, which leads to delays and low adherence to DED screening recommendations. Thus, we assessed the feasibility, achieved image quality, and possible barriers of telemedical DED screening in a point-of-care general practice setting and the accuracy of an automated algorithm for detection of DED. Methods: Patients with diabetes were recruited at general practices. Retinal images were acquired using a non-mydriatic camera (CenterVue, Italy) by medical assistants. images were quality assessed and double graded by two graders. All images were also graded automatically using a commercially available artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm (EyeArt version 2.1.0, Eyenuk Inc.). Results: A total of 75 patients (147 eyes;mean age 69 years, 96% type 2 diabetes) were included. Most of the patients (51;68%) preferred DED screening at the general practice, but only twenty-four (32%) were willing to pay for this service. images of 63 patients (84%) were determined to be evaluable, and DED was diagnosed in 6 patients (8.0%). The algorithm's positive/negative predictive values (95% confidence interval) were 0.80 (0.28-0.99)/1.00 (0.92-1.00) and 0.75 (0.19-0.99)/0.98 (0.88-1.00) for detection of any DED and referral-warranted DED, respectively. Overall, the number of referrals was 18 (24%) for manual telemedical assessment and 31 (41%) for the artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm, resulting in a relative increase of referrals by 72% when using AI. Conclusions: Our study shows that achieved overall image quality in a telemedical GP-based DED screening was sufficient and that it would be accepted by medical assistants and patients in most cases. However, good image quality and integration into existing workflow remain challenging. Based on these findings, a larger-scale implementation study is warranted.
Mixing is a crucial aspect in the design and operation of reactors as well as the optimization of an integrated process. Typically, the mixing behavior is assessed and modeled by considering the integral mixing time. ...
详细信息
Mixing is a crucial aspect in the design and operation of reactors as well as the optimization of an integrated process. Typically, the mixing behavior is assessed and modeled by considering the integral mixing time. Since the mixing time is a scalar quantity, insights into the interactions between the mixing process and local flow phenomena can only be provided by determining local mixing time distributions. A computer vision algorithm was developed to calculate mixing time distributions using a colorimetric approach. The method was applied to the mixing process in a flat, horizontally rotating cylinder. Challenges specific to the experimental setup were considered by extending the functionality of conventional algorithm approaches. The challenges arise from the moving phase interface and a pronounced circular flow pattern, which are addressed by a smoothing functionality and alternative assignment logics for the mixing time. The obtained distributions revealed changes in the flow state and the existence of a characteristic trailing vortex within the filling volume. The vortex occurred only in a limited part of the volume and showed a significant influence on the mixing process. Its course exhibited a speed dependent angle to the phase boundary and led to the formation of a recirculation zone with pronounced segregation. Increasing the width of the reactor reduced the formation of the trailing vortex, demonstrating the influence of the axial walls on flow characteristics and mixing in the cylinder geometry.
A technology was developed to measure the hydrogen uptake and diffusivity of polymer materials used in high-pressure hydrogen tanks and pipelines at hydrogen refueling stations. This technology involves charging hydro...
详细信息
A technology was developed to measure the hydrogen uptake and diffusivity of polymer materials used in high-pressure hydrogen tanks and pipelines at hydrogen refueling stations. This technology involves charging hydrogen into polymer under a maximum pressure of 90 MPa, followed by depressurization. The polymer material is then placed in a cylinder partially submerged in water, and hydrogen is released from the material. The increase in volume of the released hydrogen causes a decrease in the water level in the cylinder. To track this in real-time, an image analysis algorithm based on the brightness of a crescent-shaped water level image is used to accurately measure the water level and change in hydrogen amount at the same time. This data is then used in a self-developed diffusivity analysis program to evaluate hydrogen uptake and diffusivity. Using this technology, the hydrogen uptake and diffusivity of sulfur-crosslinked nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites containing carbon black and silica fillers were measured from 2 to 90 MPa. Additionally, the relationship between the physical stability of the NBR composites and their hydrogen uptake and diffusivity was investigated. To validate the effectiveness of the technology, an uncertainty analysis of the measurements was conducted, with all results showing an uncertainty within 8 %.
Background The tumor-stromal ratio (TSR) has been verified to be a prognostic factor in many solid tumors. In most studies, it was manually assessed on routinely stained H&E slides. This study aimed to assess the ...
详细信息
Background The tumor-stromal ratio (TSR) has been verified to be a prognostic factor in many solid tumors. In most studies, it was manually assessed on routinely stained H&E slides. This study aimed to assess the TSR using image analysis algorithms developed by the Qupath software, and integrate the TSR into a nomogram for prediction of the survival in invasive breast cancer (BC) patients. Methods A modified TSR assessment algorithm based on the recognition of tumor and stroma tissues was developed using the Qupath software. The TSR of 234 invasive BC specimens in H&E-stained tissue microarrays (TMAs) were assessed with the algorithm and categorized as stroma-low or stroma-high. The consistency of TSR estimation between Qupath prediction and pathologist annotation was analyzed. Univariable and multivariable analyses were applied to select potential risk factors and a nomogram for predicting survival in invasive BC patients was constructed and validated. An extra TMA containing 110 specimens was obtained to validate the conclusion as an independent cohort. Results In the discovery cohort, stroma-low and stroma-high were identified in 43.6% and 56.4% cases, respectively. Good concordance was observed between the pathologist annotated and Qupath predicted TSR. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that stroma-high patients were associated with worse 5-DFS compared to stroma-low patients (p = 0.007). Multivariable analysis identified age, T stage, N status, histological grade, ER status, HER-2 gene, and TSR as potential risk predictors, which were included in the nomogram. The nomogram was well calibrated and showed a favorable predictive value for the recurrence of BC. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the nomogram had a better risk stratification capability than the TNM staging system. In the external validation of the nomogram, the results were further validated. Conclusions Based on H&E-stained TMAs, this study successfully developed image analysis algorithms for TSR assessme
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a degenerative disorder that selectively deteriorates motor neurons due to a deficiency of survival motor neuron protein (SMN). The illness is the Leading genetic cause of death in inf...
详细信息
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a degenerative disorder that selectively deteriorates motor neurons due to a deficiency of survival motor neuron protein (SMN). The illness is the Leading genetic cause of death in infants and is difficult to study in complex biological systems such as humans. A simpler model system, such as the nematode C. elegans, can be used to study potential mechanisms underlying this disease;C. elegans expresses the smn-1 gene, a homologue of SMN;powerful genetic took in C. elegans research can be used to discover novel genes whose effect on SMN remains unknown or uncharacterized. Currently, conventional screening methods are time-consuming and laborious, as weLL as being subjective and mostly qualitative. To address these issues, we engineer an automated system capable of performing genetic suppressor screens on C. elegans using microfluidics in combination with custom imageanalysis software. We demonstrate the utility of this system by isolating 21 alleles that significantly suppress motor neuron degeneration at a screening rate of approximately 300 worms per hour. Many of these mutants also have improved motor function. These isolated alleles can potentially be further studied to understand mechanisms of protection against neurodegeneration. Our system is easily adaptable, providing a means to saturate screens not only implicated in the smn-1 pathway, but also for genes involved in other neurodegenerative phenotypes.
We present here a brief review of the history of the development of automated microscopy systems. Aspects of design methodology and results of studies in this direction conducted at the Bauman Moscow State Technical U...
详细信息
We present here a brief review of the history of the development of automated microscopy systems. Aspects of design methodology and results of studies in this direction conducted at the Bauman Moscow State Technical University are considered. We describe an approach to determining the size of the cohort of cells required for determining the quality of the work of image analysis algorithms and the properties of the distribution of cells on the surface of the specimen. The key directions in the development of automated microscopy are discussed.
Confocal microscopy was used to directly observe the structural coarsening of the first layer of short colloidal rods sedimented onto a flat wall. Based on an image analysis algorithm we devised, quantitative informat...
详细信息
Confocal microscopy was used to directly observe the structural coarsening of the first layer of short colloidal rods sedimented onto a flat wall. Based on an image analysis algorithm we devised, quantitative information on the location, orientation and length of each particle can be extracted with high precision. At high density the system undergoes structural arrest, and becomes trapped in a disordered state of randomly arranged filaments that are composed of side-by-side aligned rods. The frustration of structural order is signalled by a new peak that emerges in the radial distribution function. Configuration analysis shows that the peak is primarily due to pairs of particles that are arranged in a "T'' shape, a configuration that is compatible with neither crystallization nor filament growth. Our results point to a self-poisoning mechanism for the frustration of structural order, and highlight the importance of particle shape in controlling colloidal assembly thus materials properties.
In the paper the idea of the visual self-localization of mobile robots based on the estimation of image similarity is discussed. It is assumed that a rough position of the mobile robot is known e.g. from the built-in ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781479987016
In the paper the idea of the visual self-localization of mobile robots based on the estimation of image similarity is discussed. It is assumed that a rough position of the mobile robot is known e.g. from the built-in GPS device. Assuming known orientation of the robot, the main advantage of the application of image analysis algorithms is the increase of the self-localization accuracy. The basic idea of our approach is related to the use of image similarity metrics for the estimation of the distance to the known positions associated with the images stored in the database. In order to verify the the validity of the proposed approach for the images containing textures characteristic for urban areas, some experiments have been conducted in Java based Simbad environment. As the result of applying various image similarity metrics for this purpose, the noticeable increase of the localization accuracy has been obtained for the artificial model of the urban area developed in Simbad environment. Nevertheless, achieved results are encouraging for further experiments utilizing natural images captured by real cameras also in the presence of various image distortions.
The increasing availability of digital whole slide images opens new perspectives for computer-assisted imageanalysis complementing modern histopathology, assuming we can implement reliable and efficient image analysi...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781467380324
The increasing availability of digital whole slide images opens new perspectives for computer-assisted imageanalysis complementing modern histopathology, assuming we can implement reliable and efficient image analysis algorithms to extract the biologically relevant information. Both validation and supervised learning techniques typically rely on ground truths manually made by human experts. However, this task is difficult, subjective and usually not exhaustive. This is a well-known issue in the field of biomedical imaging, and a common solution is the use of artificial "phantoms". Following this trend, we study the feasibility of synthesizing artificial histological images to create perfect ground truths. In this paper, we show that it is possible to generate a synthetic whole slide image with reasonable computing resources, and we propose a way to evaluate its quality.
暂无评论