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Infrared Photodetectors and image arrays Made with Organic Semiconductors

Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2023年第10期41卷 1629-1637页

作者： Zhi-Ming Zhong Feng Peng Lei Ying Zhen-Qiang Huang Wen-Kai Zhong Gang Yu Yong Cao Fei Huang Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

Combining the strategies of introducing larger heteroatom,regio-regular backbone and extended branching position of side-chain,we developed polymer semiconductors(PPCPD)with narrow band-gap to construct the photosensing layer of thin-film photodiodes and image *** spectral response of the resulting organic photodiodes spans from the near ultra-violet to short-wavelength infrared *** performance of these short-wavelength infrared photodiodes in 900–1200 nm range achieved a level competitive with that of indium gallium arsenide-based inorganic crystalline detectors,exhibiting a specific detectivity of 5.55×1012 Jones at 1.15µ*** photodetectivity and quantum efficiency in photodiode with amorphous/nanocrystalline thin-films of 100–200 nm thickness enabled high pixel-density image arrays without pixel-level-patterning in the sensing layer.1×256 linear diode arrays with 25µm×25µm pixel pitch were achieved,enabling high pixel-density short-wavelength infrared imaging at room temperature.

关键词： Conjugated polymer Organic semiconductor Infrared Photodetector image array

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Flexible Soft X-Ray image Sensors based on Metal Halide Perovskites With High Quantum Efficiency

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ADVANCED MATERIALS 2024年第48期36卷 e2407244页

作者： Tan, Pengju Liu, Tianyu Yang, Yuqian Chen, Yuangan Guan, Yong Li, Zidu Yu, Shunjie Yang, Xunyong Xiang, Xueqiang Zhao, Xiaolong Li, Yu Ding, Honghe Wu, Xuefei Fink, Zachary Gao, Shuang Hou, Xiaohu Jiao, Xuechen Zhu, Junfa Fan, Fengjia Yang, Shangfeng Russell, Thomas P. Liu, Xiaosong Hu, Qin Long, Shibing Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Microelect Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab Hefei 230029 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China CAS Key Lab Microscale Magnet Resonance Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Phys Sci Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Mat Sci Div Berkeley CA 94720 USA Univ Massachusetts Polymer Sci & Engn Dept Amherst MA 01003 USA Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab Adv Light Source Berkeley CA 94720 USA Univ Sci & Technol China Collaborat Innovat Ctr Chem Energy Mat iChEM Dept Mat Sci & Engn Key Lab Precis & Intelligent Chem Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

Soft X-ray imaging is a powerful tool to explore the structure of cells, probe material with nanometer resolution, and investigate the energetic phenomena in the universe. Conventional soft X-ray image sensors are by and large Si-based charge coupled devices that suffer from low frame rates, complex fabrication processes, mechanical inflexibility, and required cooling below -60 degrees C. Here, a soft X-ray photodiode is reported based on low-cost metal halide perovskite with comparable performance to commercial Si-based device. Nanothrough network electrode minimized the optical loss due to the shadowing of insensitive layers, while a multidimensional perovskite heterojunction is generated to reduce the photo-generated carrier loss. This strategy promoted a record quantum efficiency of 8 x 103% without cooling, several orders of magnitude greater than the previously achieved. Flexible and curved soft X-ray imaging arrays are fabricated based on this high-performance device structure, demonstrating stable soft X-ray response and sharp imaging capabilities. This work highlights the low-cost and efficient perovskite photodiode as a strong candidate for the next-generation soft X-ray image sensors. With nanothrough network electrode and multidimensional perovskite heterojunction to reduce the photon and carrier loss respectively, this work demonstrates the highest quantum efficiency of perovskite-based soft X-ray photodetectors. The devices also show excellent stability under long-term soft X-ray radiation and extreme temperatures (10 to 383 K), possessing great potential to serve as pixels of next-generation curved soft X-ray image sensor. image

关键词： flexible substrate image array metal halide perovskite soft X-ray X-ray detector

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21.1:Invited Paper: High Throughput MOTFT with Organic Etch-Stopper and SiNx Gate Insulator

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SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 2015年第1期46卷

作者： Gang Yu Chan-Long Shieh Tian Xiao Karman Lee Fatt Foong Guangming Wang Juergen Musolf Zhao Chen Frankie Chang Kristoffer Ottosson Jung-Woo Park Jason Chen Chen-Yue Li CBRITE Inc 421 Pine Ave. Goleta CA 93117 USA

Metal-oxide TFT (MOTFT) is promising for next generation high information content displays for both portable and TV/monitor applications. With current manufacturing capacity established originally for a-Si TFT, it would be ideal to develop a MOTFT structure and process most compatible with the equipment available on existing a-Si TFT line with minimal upgrade and corresponding capital investment. With such intention, we have developed bottom-gate, top-source/drain MOTFT with photopatternable organic etch-stopper (ES) with performance meeting product specifications. Backplane with such MOTFT can be made with same mask counts as that with BCE process.

关键词： metal-oxide TFT LCD/OLED display image array

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Development of a Testbed for Flexible a-Si:H Photodiode Sensing arrays

Development of a Testbed for Flexible a-Si:H Photodiode Sens...

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Conference on Flexible Electronics

作者： Dominguez, Alfonso Kunnen, George Vetrano, Michael Smith, Joseph Marrs, Michael Allee, David R. Arizona State Univ Flexible Display Ctr Tempe AZ 85284 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819498106

Large area, flexible sensing arrays for imaging, biochemical sensing and radiation detection are now possible with the development of flexible active matrix display technology. In particular, large-area flexible imaging arrays can provide considerable advancement in defense and security industries because of their inherent low manufacturing costs and physical plasticity that allows for increased adaptability to non-planar mounting surfaces. For example, a flexible array of photodetectors and lenslets formed into a cylinder could image simultaneously with a 360 degree view without the need for expensive bulky optics or a gimbaled mount. Here we report the design and development of a scalable 16x16 pixel testbed for flexible sensor arrays using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) parts and demonstrate the capture of a shadow image with an array of photodiodes and active pixel sensors on a plastic substrate. The image capture system makes use of an array of low-noise, InGaZnO active pixel amplifiers to detect changes in current in 2.4 mu m-thick reverse-biased a-Si: H PIN diodes. A thorough characterization of the responsivity, detectivity, and optical gain of an a-Si: H photodiode is also provided. At the back end, analog capture circuitry progressively scans the array and constructs an image based on the electrical activity in each pixel. The use of correlated-double-sampling to remove fixed pattern noise is shown to significantly improve spatial resolution due to process variations. The testbed can be readily adapted for the development of neutron, alpha-particle, or X-ray detection arrays given an appropriate conversion layer.

关键词： image array active pixel sensor flexible electronics TFT a-Si photodiode large-area optic

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A Motion-Tracking Ultrasonic Sensor array for Behavioral Monitoring

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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2012年第3期12卷 707-712页

作者： Cheng, Roland Heinzelman, Wendi Sturge-Apple, Melissa Ignjatovic, Zeljko Univ Rochester Dept Elect & Comp Engn Rochester NY 14627 USA Univ Rochester Dept Clin & Social Sci Psychol Rochester NY 14627 USA

The application of Kalman filtering to track subjects' movements during a behavioral experiment is discussed. Specifically, an overhead array of wireless, ultrasound sensors automatically tracks the position of a parent, child, and stranger over a 4.45 m x 4.23 m observation area. This WiPsy (Wireless sensors for Psychology research) system provides accurate, real-time quantitative metrics for psychological evaluation in lieu of traditional qualitative manual coding. Moreover, tracking subjects using ultrasound sensors is less error-prone than existing methods that track based on human coding of video. In particular, the Kalman filter, which forms the core of this tracking system, can locate targets with a mean square error of about 1.3 m(2). Overall, WiPsy strives to streamline data acquisition, processing, and analysis by providing previously unavailable assessment parameters.

关键词： image array Kalman filter sensor network ultrasound

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A component inspection algorithm based on low-dimensional image feature

A component inspection algorithm based on low-dimensional im...

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3rd International Conference on Digital image Processing (ICDIP 2011)

作者： Wu, Jianjie Zhang, Yuhui Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Sch Software Engn Wuhan 430074 Hubei Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819485830

The images captured by image-array-based automatic optical inspection devices may be inconsistent in lightness, definition and uniformity, which greatly influence the accuracy of the inspection result. To solve such a problem, a component inspection algorithm based on low-dimensional image feature is proposed. It doesn't compare inspected image with standard image from pixel to pixel like traditional algorithms do. Instead it compares key image feature extracted from the image by designing feature functions and computing attributes. The essential of the algorithm is to transfer the original high-dimensional information contained within the image to one-dimensional feature data. Experiments show that the algorithm can ensure efficient and low-storage real-time component inspection.

关键词： Automatic optical inspection image array image feature Component inspection

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Mesa etching characterization of InSb for high density image array applications

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JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERS 2007年第1期30卷 11-16页

作者： Chang, Kow-Ming Luo, Jiunn-Jye Chiang, Chen-Der Liu, Jacob Kou-Chen Natl Chiao Tung Univ Inst Elect Engn Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Chung Shan Inst Sci & Technol Tao Yuan 325 Taiwan Chang Gung Univ Grad Inst Electroopt Engn Tao Yuan 333 Taiwan

The wet etching characteristics of InSb single crystal were investigated for highdensity focal plane array applications. Two different chemical systems were used to prepare the mesa structures using standard lithography. The wet etching characteristics corresponding to these chemical systems were measured and analyzed. The results can be used to identify the dominant control mechanisms during the etching process. The etching conditions such as the chemical concentration will influence the etching characteristics, the effects of which lead to our understanding the dominant control mechanism after optimizing different ratios of wet etching chemicals. Citric acid/peroxide has been shown to produce a practical etching rate at room temperature. The dominant control mechanism for InSb mesa etching in citric acid/peroxide is surface reaction rate-limit oriented, in that it depicts promising potential in morphology and sidewall profile control for InSb mesa type device applications. To verify the feasibility of these processes for device applications, a field emission scanning electron microscope was used to analyze the step coverage for dielectric deposition and metal layer coating. To meet the requirements of InSb high density array applications, a peroxide based chemical system with reaction rate-limit mechanism was concocted to bring to produce superior etching performance in comparison with a nitric acid based solution.

关键词： mesa step height mesa etching etching mechanism image array

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Study of image Processing in Robot Visioning

Study of Image Processing in Robot Visioning

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International Conference on Control, Automation, Communication and Energy Conservation

作者： Tripathi, Abhishek Chourshiya, Dheeraj Kumar, Yogesh Govt Engn Coll Jhalawar Rajasthan India

ISBN: (纸本)9788184244397

Presently various state machines use limited sensory inputs which provide information only about adjacent cells in their grid world. Sensory transducers may be accomplished. Sense of vision provides a large amount of distant information about world with each glance. We have space here about stages of robot vision which provide information about various discontinuities *** and various regions of images. Various processes of image processing by artificial sensing is also spaced here i.e. averaging by convolution, edge enhancement, extra illumination feature and laplacian filtering etc. The proposed paper focuses that interpreting lines, curves and depth of images plays an important role in image traced by a robotic machine. In this way by an allover study we can analyse that artificial intelligence is very important feature and is the only characteristic which avails the robot, power of perception and visioning.

关键词： Convolution image array Laplacian filtering Marr-Hildreth operator Pixel

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Wet etching characterization of InSb for thermal imaging applications

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JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 1-REGULAR PAPERS BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS & REVIEW PAPERS 2006年第3A期45卷 1477-1482页

作者： Chang, KM Luo, JJ Chiang, CD Liu, KC Natl Chiao Tung Univ Inst Elect Engn Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Chung Shan Inst Sci & Technol Taoyuan Taiwan Chang Gung Univ Grad Inst Electroopt Engn Taoyuan 33301 Taiwan

A citric acid/hydrogen peroxide-based chemical system has been reported for the first time to meet the requirements of continuously scaling down the pixel area for InSb high-density infrared camera applications. This chemical system with a reaction-rate-limited mechanism was concluded to have superior etching performance compared with the nitric acid-based Solution. It is established that this etching mechanism has better control over device structure uniformity due to its linear proportionality to etching time and its nondependence oil agitation and exposed etched area. Two different chemical systems have been studied to form the high-density mesa structures ill this Study. The wet etching characteristics corresponding to these chemical Solutions were measured and analyzed. From atomic force microscopy (AFM), the results clearly indicate that the surface-reaction-rate-limited dominant-control mechanism for InSb mesa etching in citric acid/hydrogen peroxide produces a fairly smooth morphology near junction edges and well-controlled sidewall profiles. Good step coverage for dielectric deposition as shown by field-emission scanning electron microscopy and a highly uniformly distributed dark current of InSb pn junction arrays at 77 K have proven the feasibility of the citric acid/hydrogen pet-oxide wet etching process to bring superior etching performance compared with the nitric acid-based Solution.

关键词： mesa step height mesa etching etching mechanism image array

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