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Efficient Low Bit Rate image coder for Fingerprint image Compression

JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2018年第6期34卷 1561-1578页

作者： Rekha, V. Kavitha, V. Anna Univ Ponjesly Coll Engn Dept Comp Sci Madras 600025 Tamil Nadu India Univ Coll Engn Dept Comp Sci Kanchipuram 631552 Tamil Nadu India

Automatic fingerprint recognition is an on-demand system in most of the authentication devices. The security system only has limited memory space due to the expensive nature of memory elements. However, as more persons are included in the repository, the size of the database has grown extensively. So the memory storage is a challenging problem while storing high quality or too many images. This paper proposes a Pattern Optimization from Subset Tree (POST) image coder for fingerprint image compression which improves the coding efficiency. Initially, extract the ridge based features after the median filter smoothing for the fingerprint identification system. The features thus formed as a probability map and further processed for compression. POST identifies the significant coefficients from the subdivided tree coefficients and the resultant stream of bit patterns are optimized for low bit rate. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate the performance measures in terms PSNR, CR, bpp, and EER for the compression scheme.

关键词： compression feature extraction fingerprint image coder optimization

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A lossless image coder integrating predictors and block-adaptive prediction

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2008年第5期24卷 1579-1591页

作者： Hsieh, Feng-Yang Wang, Chia-Ming Lee, Chun-Chieh Fan, Kuo-Chin Ta Hwa Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Hsinchu 307 Taiwan Natl Cent Univ Inst Comp Sci & Informat Engn Chungli 320 Taiwan Fo Guang Univ Dept Informat Yilan 262 Taiwan

This paper proposes a lossless image compression scheme integrating well-known predictors and Minimum Rate Predictor (MRP). Minimum Rate Predictor is considered as one of the most successful method in coding rates for lossless grayscale image compression so far. In the proposed method, the linear predictor is designed as the combination of causal neighbors together with well-known predictors (GAP, MED, and MMSE) to improve coding rates. To further reduce the residual entropy, we also redesign the calculation of context quantization and the disposition of neighboring pixels. The modifications made in our proposed method are crucial in enhancing the compression ratios. Experimental results demonstrate that the coding rates of the proposed method are lower than those of MRP and other state-of-the-art lossless coders among most of the test images. In addition, the residual entropy of the proposed scheme in the first iteration is lower than that of MRP and is relatively closer to the final residual entropy than that in MRP. This phenomenon will allow our proposed scheme to be terminated in less iterations while maintaining a relatively good compression performance.

关键词： lossless image compression minimum rate predictor adaptive predictor residual entropy image coder

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MLC: A novel image coder based on multitree local cosine dictionaries

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IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS 2005年第12期12卷 843-846页

作者： Huang, Y Pollak, I Purdue Univ Sch Elect & Comp Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

We build a multitree dictionary of local cosine bases and develop a novel image coder that extracts the best basis in such a dictionary with respect to a rate-distortion cost. This dictionary is much larger than standard quadtree-based dictionaries, and therefore, our algorithm needs more overhead bits to encode the basis selection. Despite this, we show that the resulting algorithm outperforms an existing quadtree local cosine image compression algorithm. We also show that our multitree local cosine coder outperforms both SPIHT and a multitree block-DCT method previously developed by us, on several textured images.

关键词： data compression dictionaries feature extraction image coding image texture rate distortion theory transform coding trees (mathematics) MLC basis selection encoding image coder multitree local cosine dictionary overhead bits rate-distortion Rate distortion overhead bits Rate distortion theory image coding Data compression image texture transform coding Dictionaries as Topic Feature extraction

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LAYERED image TRANSMISSION OVER CELLULAR RADIO CHANNELS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 1994年第3期43卷 786-794页

作者： ZHANG, YQ LIU, YJ PICKHOLTZ, RL GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCIWASHINGTONDC 20052

In this paper, a layered image transmission system is developed over cellular radio channels. The image coder is based on a multiresolution representation coupled with the ISO JPEG baseline coding standard. The multiresolution representation forms a pyramid in which information is layered in terms of different priorities that facilitates a more efficient use of forward error correction coding (FEC). After the error sensitivity analysis for different layers in an equalized mobile radio channel, an error control scheme based on block-interleaving and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes is proposed to minimize the effect of bursty channel errors on the picture quality degradation. Application of the new technique to the proposed Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) Northern American digital cellular standard (IS-54) under different vehicle speeds with a signal-to-noise ratio of 22 dB is also investigated. Simulation results using a standard test image mere presented to show the significant advantage of proposed approach.

关键词： .JPEG bursty speeds image Transmission radio channel channel errors BCH image coder picture quality Cellular Radio

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BFrWF: Block-based FrWF for coding of high-resolution images with memory-complexity constrained-devices 5

BFrWF: Block-based FrWF for coding of high-resolution images...

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5th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (UPCON)

作者： Tausif, Mohd Khan, Ekram Hasan, Mohd AMU Dept Elect Engn ZHCET Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9781538650028

A typical image coder generally consists of a transform stage followed by quantization and coding stages. The memory requirement of an image coder would be the maximum of both the stages and complexity would be the sum of both stages. Due to large memory requirements, most of the existing image coders are unsuitable for their implementation on memory-constrained-platforms especially for high-resolution images. In this paper, we propose a low memory approach, Block-based Fractional Wavelet Filter (BFrWF), to compute wavelet transform coefficients of high-resolution images. Furthermore, BFrWF can be combined with low memory wavelet-based image coding algorithms to design low-memory image codec. Evaluation results show that the BFrWF requires less than 10 kB of RAM (available over most of the low-cost sensor nodes) even for high-resolution (HR) images, thus making it suitable for visual sensor networks. Moreover, the proposed BFrWF implemented with 8 blocks has 25.64% less complexity than FrWF and 80.45% less complexity than segmented FrWF (SFrWF) implemented with partitioning of an image line into 8 segments (SFrWF-a low memory variant of FrWF) for HR-image of dimension 2048x2048.

关键词： image coder low memory Discrete Wavelet Transform Fractional wavelet filter and sensor nodes

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image encoder architecture design using dual scan based DWT with vector quantization

Image encoder architecture design using dual scan based DWT ...

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International Conference on Processing of Materials, Minerals and Energy (PMME)

作者： Chandraraju, Thirumaraiselvi Radhakrishnan, Sudhakar Sri Krishna Coll Engn & Technol Dept ECE Coimbatore 641008 Tamil Nadu India Dr Mahalingam Coll Engn & Technol Dept ECE Coimbatore 641021 Tamil Nadu India

Vector quantizer block requires additional hardware resources, it was demonstrated that the codebook generated by coding the residual block makes the image codec more robust. This efficient algorithm is mainly based on flipping technique. First, a three level DWT is performed on the original image resulting in ten separate sub bands. These sub bands are then vector quantized. To implement a hardware efficient and modular architecture with a very simple control path this proposed method is presented. To minimize the critical path to one multiplier delay and to achieve 100% hardware utilization efficiency, the serial operation is optimized using parallel computation in advance with pipeline operation of independent path. This algorithm uses only five transposition register and it is repeatable architecture. Data path can be reduced to six multipliers and eight adders by folding this architecture without affecting the critical path. (c) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： DWT Dual scan Lifting image coder Vector quantizer image compression

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image transmission with adaptive power and rate allocation over flat fading channels using joint source channel coding

Image transmission with adaptive power and rate allocation o...

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International Conference on Wireless Information Networks and Systems

作者： Hakonsen, Greg H. Ramstad, Tor A. Gjendemsjo, Anders Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Telecommun OS Bragstads Plass 2B N-7491 Trondheim Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9728865651

A joint source channel coder (JSCC) for image transmission over flat fading channels is presented. By letting the transmitter have information about the channel, and by letting the code-rate vary slightly around a target code-rate, it is shown how a robust image coder is obtained by using time discrete amplitude continuous symbols generated through the use of nonlinear dimension changing mappings. Due to their robustness these mappings are well suited for the changing conditions on a fading channel.

关键词： joint source channel coding nonlinear mappings fading channel image coder

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Perceptual coders and perceptual metrics

Perceptual coders and perceptual metrics

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Conference on Human Vision and Electronic Imaging VI

作者： Chen, JQ Pappas, TN Northwestern Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Evanston IL 60208 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819439770

We examine perceptual metrics and use them to evaluate the quality of still image coders. We show that mean-squared-error based metrics (such as PSNR) fail to predict image quality when one compares artifacts generated by different types of image coders (e.g., block-based, subband, and wavelet coders). We consider three different types of coders: JPEG, the Safranek-Johnston perceptual subband coder (PIC), and the Said-Pearlman SPIHT algorithm with perceptually weighted subband quantization, based on the Watson et al. visual thresholds. We show that incorporating perceptual weighting in the SPIHT algorithm results in significant improvement in visual quality. The metrics we consider are based on the same image decompositions (subband, wavelet, DCT) as the corresponding compression algorithms. Such metrics are computationally efficient and considerably simpler than more elaborate metrics (e.g., by Daly, Lubin, and Teo and Heeger). However, since each of the metrics is used for the optimization of a coder, one expects that they would be biased towards that coder. We use the metrics to evaluate the performance of the compression techniques for a wide range of bit rates. Our experiments indicate that the PIC metric provides the best correlation with subjective evaluations. It predicts that at very low bit rates the SPIHT algorithm and the 8 x 8 PIC coder perform the best, while at high bit rates the 4 x 4 PIC coder is the best. More importantly, we show that the relative algorithm performance depends on image content, with the subband and DCT coders performing best for images with a lot of high frequency content, and the wavelet coders performing best for smoother images.

关键词： perceptual model perceptually lossless compression human visual system perceptual subband image coder SPIHT JPEG EZW perceptual PSNR

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Lifting-based fast and low memory DWT computation for IoT platform

Lifting-based fast and low memory DWT computation for IoT pl...

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IEEE Region 10 Conference on Technology, Knowledge, and Society (TENCON)

作者： Tausif, Mohd Khan, Ekram Hasan, Mohd AMU ZH Coll Engn & Technol Dept Elect Engn Aligarh Uttar Pradesh India

ISBN: (纸本)9781728118956

The segmented fractional wavelet filter (SFrWF) allows the use of the fractional wavelet filter (FrWF) on line segments, thus can easily be implemented on low-memory devices and sensor nodes to compute the discrete wavelet transform of images. However, the complexity of SFrWF is relatively high due to the use of overlap and add method used in it for avoiding the boundary discontinuities at the segment boundaries. The high complexity of SFrWF makes it unsuitable for low-cost visual sensors used in wireless visual sensor networks (WVSNs)/Internet of things (IoT). In this paper, a lifting-based implementation of SFrWF with 9/7 filter-bank is presented with the aim to reduce it's computational complexity. The proposed lifting based implementation requires fewer computations than SFrWF. Furthermore, the proposed implementation uses an alternative approach to avoid the border discontinuities at segment boundaries. Evaluation results show that for high-resolution (2048x2048) images, the complexity of proposed implementation is approximately 40% less than that of SFrWF, without any additional memory requirement.

关键词： low complexity discrete wavelet transform low memory sensor nodes image coder Internet of things

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image encoder architecture design using dual scan based DWT with vector quantization

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2018年第1期5卷 572-577页

作者： Thirumaraiselvi Chandraraju Sudhakar Radhakrishnan Department of ECE Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore.Tamilnadu 641008 India Department of ECE Dr Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology Pollachi Coimbatore Tamilnadu 641021 India

关键词： DWT Dual scan Lifting image coder Vector quantizer image compression

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