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An automatic optical inspection system for inspection of CMOS compact camera module assembly

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRECISION ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING 2009年第5期10卷 67-72页

作者： Ko, Kuk Won Kim, Dong Han Kim, Min Young Kim, Jong Hyeong Sunmoon Univ Dept Informat & Commun Engn Asan 336708 Cheonan South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Sch Elect Engn Yongin 446701 South Korea Kyungpook Natl Univ Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Taegu 702701 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Technol Sch Mech Design & Automat Engn Seoul 139743 South Korea

This paper presents the development of an automatic inspection system to check lens focus status and white balance level and to inspect defects including black and white defect, dim defect, color defect, and line defects in manufacturing process of compact camera module. To check the imaging status and inspect the defects of compact camera module, a unique image capturing system is developed to get image data from CMOS sensor at high speed. It has a complex programmable logic device, and the camera link and the frame grabber is used to transfer and store images to PC. Several kinds of unique image charts are designed to inspect the various types of defects in compact camera module, and they are implemented and displayed on the LCD monitor directly to reduce handling and exchanging time of inspection charts during test procedures. Various image processing algorithms are developed to analyze the captured image from each test chart and to find and verify the defects of camera modules. The experimental results show that the proposed system is able to reliably inspect various types of defects with high precision and high speed in real manufacturing condition.

关键词： Compact Camera Module Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Automatic Inspection image processing algorithm Defect Lens Focus

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High-resolution infrared technology for soft-tissue injury detection

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IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY MAGAZINE 1998年第4期17卷 56-59页

作者： Bales, M Bales Sci Inc Walnut Creek CA 94595 USA

Until recently, the application of infrared imaging to medicine has been limited by low-precision temperature measurement, low spatial resolution, a narrow field of view and the lack of image-processing ability. These shortcomings have been overcome and now modern cameras have the ability to accumulate many sequential images, thus permitting the study of dynamic phenomena. In this article we present several examples of soft-tissue injury and breast cancer detection where the use of appropriate image-processing algorithms substantially enhanced the diagnostic acumen of infrared imaging.

关键词： image processing algorithm temperature measurement Medicine Infrared imaging dynamic phenomenon cancer test Soft Tissue Injuries infrared technique field of view

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Potential of low altitude multispectral imaging for in-field apple tree nursery inventory mapping

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2016年第16期49卷 421-425页

作者： Quirós, Juan José Khot, Lav R. Center for Precision and Automated Agricultural Systems Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University ProsserWA99350 United States Universidade de São Paulo Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz PiracicabaSP13418-900 Brazil

Aerial imaging based plant counting is a widely studied topic in remote sensing. Nevertheless, existing methodologies are not applicable for in-field nurseries tree counting due to the complexity in canopy shapes, irregular plant spacing and growth, and diverse textures captured on the images. In this study, a new algorithm has been developed in accordance to the specific requirements of apple nurseries images. algorithm composed of two key steps, i.e. a raster processing followed by a vector analyses. First step attempt to isolate apple plant pixels using spatial, spectral, and radiometric enhancements. In vector processing, filters based on the size and location of the polygons were applied to isolate the areas resulting from earlier step to represent apple plants. algorithm was evaluated to estimate number of apple trees in an young nursery imaged with low altitude multispectral imaging system at four altitudes of 10, 25, 40, and 50 m. Multispectral imaging sensor consisted of near-infrared (NIR), green and blue as three bands. For 10- and 25-m images, algorithm performance was evaluated in individual as well as in mosaic images. Low altitude images with ≤ 25 m above ground level were ideally suited for young apple nursery tree count with 5% or less estimation error. Tree count accuracy was 97% and 95% for 10-m altitude individual and mosaic images, respectively. Similarly, those values were 92% and 88% for 25-m altitude images. Based on the results, images at 40 m are recommended only when the methodology include four extra steps added to the base algorithm to have tree count accuracies of about 88%. images at 50 m are not recommended in any case due to the low accuracy obtained (~ 75%). Overall, the low altitude multispectral imaging integrated with image processing algorithm developed in this study will aid nursery growers in low-cost and timely tree count needed for inventory mapping and management. © 2016

关键词： Trees (mathematics) Antennas Forestry Fruits image processing Infrared devices Mapping Remote sensing algorithm performance image processing algorithm Multi spectral imaging systems Multispectral imaging Multispectral imaging sensors Nursery production tree inventory Unmanned aerial systems

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Making large-sized TFT-LCD TVs better

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Information Display 2005年第10期21卷 18-21页

作者： Liu, C.T. Wang, A. Hong, H.J. Hsieh, Y.J. Lai, M.S. Tsai, A. Wang, T.M. Jou, M.J. Chang, W.C. Sui, S.L. Liao, J.H. Tien, M.F. AUO Technology Center AU Optronics 3 Corp. Science-Based Industrial Park No. 1 Li-Hsin Rd. 2 Hsinchu 300 Taiwan

No abstract available

关键词： choice of technology Cathode Ray Tube Display thin-film transistor liquid-crystal display image processing algorithm Television COLOR REPRODUCTION

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Applications of direct detection device in transmission electron microscopy

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JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2008年第3期161卷 352-358页

作者： Jin, Liang Milazzo, Anna-Clare Kleinfelder, Stuart Li, Shengdong Leblanc, Philippe Duttweiler, Fred Bouwer, James C. Peltier, Steven T. Ellisman, Mark H. Xuong, Nguyen-Huu Univ Calif San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA

A prototype direct detection device (DDD) camera system has shown great promise in improving both the spatial resolution and the signal to noise ratio for electron microscopy at 120-400 keV beam energies (Xuong et al., 2007. Methods in Cell Biology, 79, 721-739). Without the need for a resolution-limiting scintillation screen as in the charge coupled device (CCD), the DDD camera can outperform CCD based systems in terms of spatial resolution, due to its small pixel size (5 mu m). In this paper, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the DDD prototype is measured and compared with the specifications of commercial scientific CCD camera systems. Combining the fast speed of the DDD with image mosaic techniques, fast wide-area imaging is now possible. In this paper, the first large area mosaic image and the first tomography dataset from the DDD camera are presented, along with an image processing algorithm to correct the specimen drift utilizing the fast readout of the DDD system. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： direct detection device active pixel sensor image processing algorithm electron tomography cryo-electron microscopy cryo-electron tomography

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Novel Method of Calculation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Perfusion and Comparison of Single versus Double Barrel Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass for Revascularisation in Moya Moya Disease

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WORLD NEUROSURGERY 2024年 181卷 E516-E523页

作者： Manjunath, Niveditha Dhanakshirur, Rohan Raju Joshi, Siddharth Reddy, Nikhila Gunna Raheja, Amol Sebastian, Leve Joseph Devrajan Garg, Ajay Kalra, Prem Kumar Suri, Ashish All India Inst Med Sci Dept Neurosurg Bhubaneswar India Indian Inst Technol Amarnath & Shashi Khosla Sch Informat Technol Delhi India All India Inst Med Sci Dept Neuroimaging & Intervent Neuroradiol New Delhi India Indian Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn New Delhi India

OBJECTIVE: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is characterized by supraclinoid internal carotid artery narrowing causing cerebral parenchyma to starve. Direct and indirect revascularisation techniques are the treatment norm. We provide a clinicoradiological comparison of single and double barrel superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass for MMD. The perfusion in cerebral hemispheres and vessel density in digital subtraction angiography (DSA) have been evaluated using novel algorithms. METHODS: DSA, arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging methods and Suzuki, Matsushima, Angiographic Outcome Score scales were used to quantify perfusion parameters;modified Rankin Score was used for clinical evaluation. A novel image processing algorithm was designed to perform analysis of arterial spin labeling sequences and compare perfusion. Vessel density was calculated using connected component analysis on thresholded DSA images. RESULTS: Fifty-four hemispheres with MMD underwent STA-MCA bypass 42(77.8%) single barrel and 12 (22.2%) double barrel. Clinical outcome-modified Rankin Score was significant with P < 0.001 in single barrel and P = 0.001 in double barrel groups. The overall Angiographic Outcome Score showed improvement postoperatively (P = 0.032). Perfusion analysis was performed in 20 hemispheres (13 single barrel;7 double barrel). MCA territories showed significant improvement in single barrel (2.72%, P = 0.0294) and double barrel groups (12.89%, P = 0.025). Vessel density calculated in MCA territory, showed an overall postoperative improvement (P = 1.75 3 10e8). CONCLUSION: Double barrel STA-MCA bypass clinically as well as radiologically improves perfusion in the ACA as well as MCA territories in MMD. The novel image processing algorithm is an accurate, objective tool to evaluate perfusion in magnetic resonance images and vessel density in DSA images of MMD.

关键词： Double barrel bypass image processing algorithm Moya Moya disease Perfusion analysis Revascularization Single barrel bypass

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Height Control in Laser Cladding Using Adaptive Sliding Mode Technique: Theory and Experiment

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JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 2010年第4期132卷 041016.1-041016.10页

作者： Zeinali, Meysar Khajepour, Amir Univ Waterloo Dept Mech & Mechatron Engn Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

A closed-loop control of the laser cladding process is desired due to difficulties encountered in depositing a layer with acceptable quality from both geometrical and metallurgical point of views. One of the main parameters to achieve the desired geometry in laser cladding process is the height of the deposited layers. In this paper, a real-time measurement and control of the clad height is presented. Due to complex nature of the process and presence of uncertainties, a robust and adaptive sliding mode control is proposed and implemented to control the clad height. The velocity of the substrate is used as a control input while the molten pool height, which is obtained using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and an image processing algorithm is used as a feedback signal. Stability of the controller is proven in the presence of time-varying uncertainties and the performance of the closed-loop system is validated by simulation and experiments. The experimental results are promising and show that the geometrical accuracy of the deposited layers can be improved significantly. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4002023]

关键词： image processing algorithm Variable structure systems height control MOLTEN POOL Closed loop systems Self tuning control input Laser cladding geometric accuracy Sliding mode technique

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OVERCOMING MEMORY CONTENTION IN A DIGITAL SCAN CONVERTER

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-E COMPUTERS AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES 1982年第1期129卷 28-32页

作者： DUCK, M QUARMBY, DJ Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering Loughborough University of Technology Loughborough UK

The problem of memory contention in digital scan converters (DSC) is discussed. The role of the microprocessor in DSC design is examined, and the importance of uninterrupted display in the development and use of image-processing algorithms is stressed. The drawbacks inherent in interrupt and in direct memory access are pointed out and an elegant scheme using the CPU ‘READY’ feature is suggested as an alternative, cycles during which memory contention could occur are predictable, and during these cycles the CPU is prevented from addressing the store. A specific implementation is described using the TMS9900 microprocessor in a DSC displaying sector-scanned sonar images. Timing problems are discussed in detail.

关键词： direct memory access computer graphic equipment computer graphics digital scan convertor TMS9900 microprocessor channel capacity Terminals and graphic displays image processing algorithm memory contention

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WAVELETS FOR CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT OF DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY

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IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY MAGAZINE 1995年第5期14卷 536-550页

作者： LAINE, A FAN, JA YANG, WH Department of Computer and Information Science University of Florida USA

Multiresolution representations provided an adaptive mechanism for the local emphasis of features of importance to mammography. In general, improvements in image contrast for multiscale image processing algorithms were superior to those obtained using existing competitive algorithms. These initial results are encouraging and suggest that wavelet based image processing algorithms could play an important role in improving the imaging performance of digital mammography. In part 2, features blended into the mammograms were \"idealized\" representations of the types of objects that are of primary interest to mammographers. The resultant mammographic images were appropriate for the purpose of demonstrating improved image contrast made possible by wavelet based image processing algorithms. These images were also useful for comparing multiscale wavelet based algorithms with existing image processing algorithms. The test results obtained in this study, however, cannot be directly extrapolated to clinical mammography. In addition, it is also important to study possible image artifacts introduced by new wavelet filters, which may increase the false positive rate.

关键词： image CONTRAST image processing algorithm False-positives contrast enhancement wavelets representations Wavelet filter

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Physically-accurate synthetic images for machine vision design

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JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 1999年第4期121卷 763-770页

作者： Parker, JM Lee, KM Univ Kentucky Dept Mech Engn Lexington KY 40506 USA Georgia Inst Technol George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA

In machine vision applications, accuracy of the image far outweighs image appearance. This paper presents physically-accurate image synthesis as a flexible, practical tool for examining a large number of hardware/software configuration combinations for a wide range of parts. Synthetic images cart efficiently be used to study the effects of vision system design parameters on image accuracy: providing insight into the accuracy and efficiency of image-processing algorithms in determining part location and orientation for specific applications, as well as reducing the number of hardware prototype configuration to be built and evaluated. We present results illustrating that physically accurate, rather than photo-realistic, synthesis methods are necessary to sufficiently simulate captured image gray-scale values. The usefulness of physically-accurate synthetic images in evaluating the effect of conditions in the manufacturing environment on captured images is also investigated The prevalent factors investigated in this study are the effects of illumination, the sensor non-linearity and the finite-size pinhole on the captured image of retroreflective vision sensing and therefore, on camera calibration was shown;if not fully understood, these effects can introduce apparent error in calibration results. While synthetic images cannot Sully compensate for the real environment, they can be efficiently used to study the effects of ambient lighting and other important parameters, such as true part and environment reflectance, on image accuracy. We conclude with an evaluation of results and recommendations for improving the accuracy of the synthesis methodology.

关键词： image processing algorithm ambient illumination SYNTHETICS robot vision image synthesis image camera calibration

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