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Qualitative and quantitative interpretation of SEM image using digital image processing

JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY 2016年第1期264卷 102-124页

作者： Saladra, Dawid Kopernik, Magdalena AGH Univ Sci & Technol Al Mickiewicza 30 PL-30059 Krakow Poland

The aim of the this study is improvement of qualitative and quantitative analysis of scanning electron microscope micrographs by development of computer program, which enables automatic crack analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs. Micromechanical tests of pneumatic ventricular assist devices result in a large number of micrographs. Therefore, the analysis must be automatic. Tests for athrombogenic titanium nitride/gold coatings deposited on polymeric substrates (Bionate II) are performed. These tests include microshear, microtension and fatigue analysis. Anisotropic surface defects observed in the SEM micrographs require support for qualitative and quantitative interpretation. Improvement of qualitative analysis of scanning electron microscope images was achieved by a set of computational tools that includes binarization, simplified expanding, expanding, simple image statistic thresholding, the filters Laplacian 1, and Laplacian 2, Otsu and reverse binarization. Several modifications of the known image processing techniques and combinations of the selected image processing techniques were applied. The introduced quantitative analysis of digital scanning electron microscope images enables computation of stereological parameters such as area, crack angle, crack length, and total crack length per unit area. This study also compares the functionality of the developed computer program of digital image processing with existing applications. The described pre- and postprocessing may be helpful in scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy surface investigations.

关键词： Coatings digital image image processing algorithms micromechanical test scanning electron microscopy

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Recognition of Chiral Vector Angle of Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes by image processing Techniques

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND THEORETICAL NANOSCIENCE 2009年第5期6卷 1008-1012页

作者： Wang, Maofa Zou, Xiaoping Cheng, Jin Zhu, Guang Su, Yi Beijing Informat Sci & Technol Univ Res Ctr Sensor Technol Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing Key Lab Sensor Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Educ Minist Key Lab Modern Measurement & Control Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

It is important and intresting thing to recognize the chiral vector angle of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes by processing original STM images, which is usefull to automatically calculate chiral vector indices (n, m) during in-situ STM scanning of the analyzed object later. In this paper, we report some digital image processing algorithms application on the recognition of the chiral vector angle of SWCNTs. At last, we also write the correlative software with c++ codes, which applying the digital image processing algorithms. And from the result of processing a classic STM image of SWCNTs, we can clearly see graphite hexagon structure and give the chiral vector of the tube.

关键词： Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Atomic Structure of Tube Lattice image processing algorithms

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RC-SIMD: Reconfigurable communication SIMD architecture for image processing applications

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Journal of Embedded Computing 2006年第2期2卷 167-179页

作者： Fatemi, Hamed Mesman, Bart Corporaal, Henk Basten, Twan Kleihorst, Richard Eindhoven University of Technology PO Box 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands Philips Research Laboratories Prof. Holstlaan 4 NL-5656 AA Eindhoven The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 40 2474741Fax: +31 40 2433066

During the last two decades, Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) processors have become important architectures in embedded systems for image processing applications. The main reasons are their area and energy efficiency. Often the processing elements (PEs) of an SIMD processor are only locally connected. This may result in a communication bottleneck (only access to direct neighbors). One way to solve this is to use a fully connected communication network (FC-SIMD) between PEs. However, this solution leads to an excessive communication area cost, low communication network utilization, and scalability problems. E.g., the area overhead of an FC-SIMD is more than 100% when the number of PEs gets bigger than *** this paper, we introduce a new type of SIMD architecture, called RC-SIMD, with a reconfigurable communication network. It uses a delay-line in the instruction bus, causing the accesses to the communication network to be distributed over time. This architecture requires only a very cheap communication network while performing almost the same as expensive FC-SIMD ***, the new architecture causes irregular resource conflicts. We therefore introduce a conflict model that existing schedulers are able to cope with. Experimental results show that, on average (compared to locally connected SIMDs), RC-SIMD require 21% fewer cycles than architecture without the delay-line, while the area overhead is at most 10%.

关键词： Reconfigurable architectures SIMD processors Scheduling image processing algorithms Parallel architectures Low cost architectures

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Real Time Quality Detection and Automatic Recognition of Concrete Structures: image processing Algorithm Based on Deep Learning

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Procedia Computer Science 2024年 243卷 793-800页

作者： Bing Liu College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Automobil Chongqing Vocational College of Transportation Chongqing 402247 China

The safety and durability of concrete structure is an important issue in engineering quality management. In this paper, an image processing algorithm based on deep learning is proposed to realize real-time quality inspection and automatic defect identification of concrete structures. This algorithm uses the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to automatically extract the features of concrete surface quality images, and then identify the existence of defects, thus improving the detection efficiency and accuracy. In this paper, for this method, data samples with different specific structures are collected and manually labeled to the data set; then, a multi-layer CNN model with convolution layer, pool layer and full connection layer is designed to train the model, and then image enhancement technology is used to reduce information noise, and data enhancement technology is used to improve the problem-solving ability of the model. In addition, the strategy of Dropout is used to close some nodes to reduce parameters and prevent over-fitting, and the learning rate is adjusted to optimize the classification effect. In addition, this study constructs an all-weather real-time detection framework, including data acquisition, preprocessing, feature extraction, classification and identification and decision-making alarm system, to ensure the rapid positioning of the detection system. To sum up, the results of this study show that the deep learning image processing algorithm has good contrast performance in the field of real-time quality inspection of concrete structures. CNN model has better performance than GAN (Generative Adversarial Network) and LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) models in detection time, defect identification resolution and detection accuracy. The maximum detection time is 366ms and the shortest is 213 ms. The successful development of this algorithm provides a new method for automatic detection of concrete structure quality, which has important application value

关键词： Concrete Structure Real-Time Quality Inspection Automatic Recognition Deep Learning image processing algorithms

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Optical measurement of high-temperature melt flow rate

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APPLIED OPTICS 2018年第15期57卷 4202-4210页

作者： Bizjan, Benjamin Sirok, Brane Chen, Jinpeng Univ Ljubljana Fac Mech Engn Askeroeva 6 Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia Abelium Doo Res & Dev Kajuhova 90 Ljubljana 1119 Slovenia Guangdong Univ Petrochem Technol 139 Guandu Erlu Maoming 525000 Guangdong Peoples R China

This paper presents an optical method and system for contactless measurement of the mass flow rate of melts by digital cameras. The proposed method is based on reconstruction of melt stream geometry and flow velocity calculation by cross correlation, and is very cost-effective due its modest hardware requirements. Using a laboratory test rig with a small inductive melting pot and reference mass flow rate measurement by weighing, the proposed method was demonstrated to have an excellent dynamic response (0.1 s order of magnitude) while producing deviations from the reference of about 5% in the steady-state flow regime. Similar results were obtained in an industrial stone wool production line for two repeated measurements. Our method was tested in a wide range of melt flow rates (0.05-1.2 kg/s) and did not require very fast cameras (120 frames per second would be sufficient for most industrial applications). (C) 2018 Optical Society of America

关键词： Edge detection image processing algorithms image resolution Laser beams Laser velocimetry Optical measurement

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Spatial images from temporal data

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OPTICA 2020年第8期7卷 900-905页

作者： Turpin, Alex Musarra, Gabriella Kapitany, Valentin Tonolini, Francesco Lyons, Ashley Starshynov, Ilya Villa, Federica Conca, Enrico Fioranelli, Francesco Murray-Smith, Roderick Faccio, Daniele Univ Glasgow Sch Comp Sci Glasgow G12 8QQ Lanark Scotland Univ Glasgow Sch Phys & Astron Glasgow G12 8QQ Lanark Scotland Politecn Milan Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn I-20133 Milan Italy Delft Univ Technol Dept Microelect NL-2628 CD Delft Netherlands

Traditional paradigms for imaging rely on the use of a spatial structure, either in the detector (pixels arrays) or in the illumination (patterned light). Removal of the spatial structure in the detector or illumination, i.e., imaging with just a single-point sensor, would require solving a very strongly ill-posed inverse retrieval problem that to date has not been solved. Here, we demonstrate a data-driven approach in which full 3D information is obtained with just a single-point, single-photon avalanche diode that records the arrival time of photons reflected from a scene that is illuminated with short pulses of light. Imaging with single-point time-of-flight (temporal) data opens new routes in terms of speed, size, and functionality. As an example, we show how the training based on an optical time-of-flight camera enables a compact radio-frequency impulse radio detection and ranging transceiver to provide 3D images. Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI.

关键词： Detector arrays image processing image processing algorithms Imaging techniques Phase recovery Three dimensional imaging

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BM3D-based denoising method for color polarization filter array

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2022年第12期30卷 22107-22122页

作者： Liang, Jian-An Guo, Ya-fei Liu, Bin Shanxi Univ Sch Phys & Elect Engn Taiyuan 030006 Peoples R China

Color split-focal plane polarization imaging systems are composed of image sensors with a color polarization filter array (CPFA). The noise generated during image acquisition leads to incorrect estimation of the color polarization information. Therefore, it is necessary to denoise CPFA image data. In this study, we propose a CPFA block-matching and 3D filtering (CPFA-BM3D) algorithm for CPFA image data. The algorithm makes full use of the correlation between different polarization channels and different color channels, restricts the grouping of similar 2D image blocks to form 3D blocks, and attenuates Gaussian noise in the transform domain. We evaluate the denoising performance of the proposed algorithm using simulated and real CPFA images. Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly suppresses noise while preserving the image details and polarization information. Its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) indicators are superior to those of the other existing methods. The mean values of the PSNR and SSIM of the degree of linear polarization (DoLP) color images calculated through CPFA image interpolation can be increased to 200% and 400%, respectively, by denoising with the proposed method. (C) 2022 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： image processing algorithms image quality Imaging systems Inverse problems Medical imaging Polarimetric imaging

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Join digita-optical design of complex lenses using a surrogate image quality criterion adapted to commercial optical design software

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APPLIED OPTICS 2018年第30期57卷 9005-9015页

作者： Burcklen, Marie-Anne Sauer, Herve Diaz, Frederic Goudail, Francois Univ Paris Saclay CNRS Inst Opt Lab Charles FabryGrad Sch F-91127 Palaiseau France Thales LAS France Blvd Ravel de Malval F-42570 St Heand France

Like classical optical design, joint digital-optical design of complex lenses requires a skilled optical designer helped by powerful optical design software. Consequently, if optimization criteria have to be modified to take into account digital post-processing, the convenient optimization environment provided by commercial optical design software needs to be preserved. For that purpose, we define a joint-design criterion based on a merit function that contains terms classically implemented in optical design software but used in a non-standard way. After validation on a simple design problem, the proposed method is applied to the design of a very Fast (f/0.75) complex lens. The obtained joint-designed lens is shown to be superior to a classically designed one in terms of weight and image quality in the field. (C) 2018 Optical Society of America

关键词： Digital image processing image processing algorithms image quality Optical design Optical design software Signal processing

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High-speed dual-beam, crossed line-scanning fluorescence microscope with a point confocal resolution

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APPLIED OPTICS 2015年第12期54卷 3811-3816页

作者： Jeong, Hyun-Woo Kim, Hyung-Jin Eun, Jung Heo, Seungjin Lim, Mikyoung Cho, Yong-Hoon Kim, Beop-Min Eulji Univ Coll Hlth Sci Dept Biomed Engn Songnam South Korea Eulji Univ Sch Med Songnam South Korea Korea Univ Coll Hlth Sci Sch Biomed Engn Seoul South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Taejon 305701 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Grad Sch Nanosci & Technol WCU Dept Phys Taejon 305701 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Inst NanoCentury Taejon 305701 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Math Sci Taejon 305701 South Korea

Line-scanning microscopes are often used to overcome the limited scanning speed of conventional point-scanning confocal microscopes, at the cost, however, of spatial resolution. In this paper, we present a dual-beam fluorescence line-scanning microscope that can restore the original confocal resolution. This microscope forms two orthogonal line foci in the object plane with perpendicular scanning directions, which create two line-scan images of the same area. From these images, the real noise and confocal characteristics are analyzed. Based on this information, we developed an image restoration algorithm to produce a final image with spatial resolution comparable to that of a conventional point-scanning confocal microscope. This algorithm was derived with the total variation regularization, and the critical image restoration factor for the algorithm was determined via an iterative process. Our results indicate that the intrinsic resolution limit of line-scanning microscopes can be overcome without subsequent deterioration in spatial resolution. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America

关键词： Confocal microscopy Diode pumped lasers Fluorescence microscopy image processing image processing algorithms image restoration

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In vivo evaluation of a lipopolysaccharide-induced ear vascular leakage model in mice using photoacoustic microscopy

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BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022年第9期13卷 4802-4816页

作者： LI, Zhe He, Pengbo Xu, Yuqing Deng, Yuxiao Gao, Yuvan Chen, Sung -liang Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Renji Hosp Sch Med Dept Crit Care Med Shanghai 200127 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Univ Michigan Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Joint Inst Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China Minist Educ Engn Res Ctr Digital Med & Clin Translat Shanghai 200030 Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Adv Opt Commun Syst & Networks Shanghai 200240 Peoples R China

Sepsis is caused by dysregulated host inflammatory response to infection. During sepsis, early identification and monitoring of vascular leakage are pivotal for improved diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. However, there is a lack of research on noninvasive observation of inflammation-related vascular leakage. Here, we investigate the use of photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) for in vivo visualization of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ear vascular leakage in mice using Evans blue (EB) as an indicator. A model combining needle pricking on the mouse ear, topical smearing of LPS on the mouse ear, and intravenous tail injection of EB is developed. Topical application of LPS is expected to induce local vascular leakage in skin. Inflammatory response is first validated by ex vivo histology and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, local ear vascular leakage is confirmed by ex vivo measurement of swelling, thickening, and EB leakage. Finally, PAM for in vivo identification and evaluation of early vascular leakage using the model is demonstrated. For PAM, common excitation wavelength of 532 nm is used, and an algorithm is developed to extract quantitative metrics for EB leakage. The results show potential of PAM for noninvasive longitudinal monitoring of peripheral skin vascular leakage, which holds promise for clinical sepsis diagnosis and management.(c) 2022 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

关键词： Functional imaging image processing image processing algorithms Imaging techniques Medical imaging Microscopy

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