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14th IEEE International Symposium on Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits and Systems (DDECS)

作者： Ohlemueller, Thilo Petri, Markus IHP GmbH Frankfurt Oder Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424497560

In this paper we investigate the problem of multiple multiplexing DA and AD converters in respect to the sample synchronicity. Different proposals for solution are presented. We show a method to synchronize multiple multiplexed high speed DA and AD converters in FPGAs. The method determines the phase difference between the data clocks of two DA/AD converters, but avoids shifting the input/output data and dealing with multiple clock domains. Specific hardware setup and FPGA implementation details are analyzed and taken into account as well.

关键词： Clocks FPGA Field programmable gate arrays Hardware Multiplexing Phase locked loops Routing Synchronization analogue-digital conversion digital-analogue conversion field programmable gate arrays input-output data multiple clock domains multiple multiplexed AD converters multiple multiplexed DA converters synchronicity

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Empirical foundations for the resurrection of Heckscher-Ohlin theory

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INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF ECONOMICS & FINANCE 2011年第2期20卷 146-156页

作者： Egger, Peter Marshall, Kathryn G. Fisher, Eric O'N. Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo Orfalea Coll Business San Luis Obispo CA 93407 USA ETH Dept Management Technol & Econ CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

We decompose the factor content of trade into Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek trade and Ricardian trade. We measure factor content using only the United States' technology and also as Leontief advocated, using the local technology. In either case, differences in endowments are quite important in explaining the factor content of trade. If one uses raw estimated coefficients as a means of comparison, differences in endowments are ten times as important as differences in technology. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heckscher-Ohlin trade theory Ricardian trade theory input-output data

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Global value chains, trade shocks and jobs: An application to Brexit

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WORLD ECONOMY 2022年第8期45卷 2338-2369页

作者： Vandenbussche, Hylke Connell, William Simons, Wouter Univ Leuven KU Leuven Dept Econ Naamsestr 69 B-3000 Leuven Belgium European Commiss Brussels Belgium

We develop a network trade model with country-sector level input-output linkages with the objective of evaluating the impact of trade shocks. This framework is particularly useful to decompose the direct and the indirect trade effects of both a bilateral and a third country trade shock, evaluated at the country-sector level. Using the sectoral World input-output database (WIOD) combined with sectoral employment data, we evaluate the impact in terms of value added and employment of different scenarios of Brexit for 56 industries in the 27 Member States of the European Union, as well as the United Kingdom. In this respect, we consider both the results under the current EU-UK Trade agreement, as well as a counterfactual scenario in which WTO tariffs would apply. In contrast to other studies, we find EU-27 value added and job losses to be substantially higher than hitherto believed as a result of the closely integrated EU network structure. Our approach finds that upstream sectors are particularly vulnerable to indirect trade shocks effects due to their network centrality.

关键词： Brexit Global Value Chains input-output data network model value-added trade

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Measuring the impact of direct and indirect R and D on the productivity growth of industries: using the Yale Technology Concordance

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Economic Systems Research 1997年第2期9卷 205-211页

作者： Meijl, Hans van Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI-DLO) Burgemeester Patijnlaan 19 PO Box 29703 The Hague NL-2502 LS Netherlands

This paper investigates the impact of direct and indirect R and D on the productivity growth of 30 French industries during the period 1978-92. The main aim of this paper is to assess the appropriateness of the Yale Technology Concordance (YTC) as a proxy for indirect R and D flows. The effect on productivity growth of the Yale proxy is compared with the traditional proxy based on goods input-output flows, and assess their suitability for different groups of industries. Results indicate that the indirect YTC proxy performs slighly better than the traditional proxy, as a result of superior performace in the high-tech and service sectors in particular.

关键词： Yale Technology Concordance input-output data total factor productiv-ity growth R&D spillovers France

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Industrial productivity growth linkages between OECD countries, 1970-90

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Economic Systems Research 1997年第2期9.0卷 221-230页

作者： Evenson, R.E. [a] Economic Growth Center Yale University New Haven CT USA

Technology 'spillovers' are increasingly being recognized as sources of productivity growth. International 'convergence' in productivity levels has also been noted in recent studies. This paper reports a study of international total factor productivity (TFP) growth for 11 industrial sectors in seven OECD countries. Spillover variables are defined based on interindustry and international invention input-output (I(IO)) weights. These variables are tested against import-weighted variables. The study concludes that I(IO)-weighted R and D 'spill-ins' are important determinants of TFP growth and that convergence is dependent on domestic R and D.

关键词： Total factor productivity R&D spillovers input-output data OECD

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Recovering hidden indirect tax rates for improved calibration in multisectoral modelling

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Economic Systems Research 2002年第1期14卷 81-88页

作者： Collado, Juan Carlos Sancho, Ferran Department d'Economia Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Bellaterra-08193 Spain

We explain in this work why a straight calibration to published input-output or SAM data in multisectoral modelling may lead to the use of an incorrect representation of the productive technology, hence casting doubts on the value of the empirical results. The culprit is the possible presence of indirect taxation in the form of, for instance, a value-added tax. We show how to unveil the hidden tax rates so as to clean up published data of this possibly distorting presence and therefore calibrate the correct production technology. This technology can then be used for multisectoral (i.e. CGE, input-output) analysis and simulations.

关键词： Calibration General equilibrium models input-output data

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Estimating Sparse Volterra Models using Group L1-Regularization

Estimating Sparse Volterra Models using Group <i>L</i>1-Regu...

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32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society (EMBC 10)

作者： Song, Dong Wang, Haonan Berger, Theodore W. Univ So Calif Dept Biomed Engn Ctr Neural Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Colorado State Univ Dept Stat Ft Collins CO 80523 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441242

Sparse Volterra model (sVM) is defined as a Volterra model (VM) that contains only a subset of its all possible model coefficients corresponding to its significant inputs and the existing terms of those inputs. Compared with ordinary VM, sVM is more efficient and interpretable in representing sparsely connected multiple-input systems, e.g., neuronal networks. In this paper, we formulate a rigorous statistical method of estimating sVM based on the group L1-regularization. It allows simultaneous selection and estimation of the significant groups of coefficients of a VM and results in a sVM. Simulation results show that the actual structure of a sVM can be faithfully recovered even with short input-output data. This method can be extended and applied to the identification of the functional connectivity between neurons.

关键词： Volterra equations functional connectivity group L1-regularization input-output data medical computing multiple-input systems neuronal networks neurons neurophysiology physiological models simultaneous selection sparse Volterra models sparse matrices statistical analysis statistical method

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A computable general equilibrium model of the city: impacts of technology, zoning, and trade

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ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING A-ECONOMY AND SPACE 2012年第1期44卷 237-253页

作者： Olwert, Craig Guldmann, Jean-Michel Calif State Univ Northridge Dept Urban Studies & Planning Northridge CA 91330 USA Ohio State Univ Dept City & Reg Planning Columbus OH 43210 USA

This paper presents a computable general equilibrium model of a stylized linear city that simultaneously minimizes transportation costs while satisfying labor, and, and goods equilibrium conditions, in the tradition of Anas and Kim, while introducing a monetary balance. This model has structural similarity with Davis's design of an optimal transportation system under user equilibrium conditions. The model includes three industries: manufacturing, retail, and services. Their economic transactions arc empirically modeled using national input-output data, which allows for the endogenous determination of import and export pricing and flows. Numerical applications show that more efficient transportation increases utility and leads to a centralization of the population, and that zoning, under various restriction scenarios, decreases utility, with the most detrimental effects on residents in unrestricted zones. Finally, a zero trade deficit scenario results in lower utility, a larger transportation system, and smaller residential lots, with higher CBD population density.

关键词： computable general equilibrium land use and transportation regional planning trade zoning input-output data

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Tariff barriers and industrial spillover effects

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JOURNAL OF KOREA TRADE 2018年第3期22卷 228-246页

作者： Kang, Jong Woo Dagli, Suzette Asian Dev Bank Mandaluyong City Philippines

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that higher tariffs under protectionism will have significant indirect impact through industrial forward and backward linkages, causing greater economic losses to tariff-imposing economies than to exporting countries. Design/methodology/approach The authors use partial equilibrium analysis based on unique multi-regional input-output (IO) data in measuring the second-round spillover effects of higher tariffs, also investigating the scenario of plausible substitutability across import sources as well as sectors based on historical import intensity data. Findings Higher tariffs do not only have a direct impact, but also a significant indirect impactthrough forward and backward linkages. Indirect effects can be extensive across economies and sectorsboth in forward and backward linkages such as in transportwhen value chains are longer and more complex. When possible substitution effects between different import sources and sectors are considered, negative forward linkage effects can be smaller, while negative backward linkage effects become more pronounced. Nevertheless, both negative effects are still found to be much bigger in indirect impacts compared with direct impacts. Research limitations/implications This implies that higher tariffs, including administrative trade measures such as anti-dumping duties and countervailing duties could ironically entail rather greater negative impact on the tariff-imposing importing economies by damaging their exports of domestic sectors using the targeted imports as intermediate inputs, which could be severe if the importing sector has a long value chain in particular through deep forward linkages. Originality/value This paper uses unique multi-regional IO data covering 45 economies' 35 sectors in analyzing the second-round spillover effects across countries and sectors and employs comparative statics under different scenarios.

关键词： Value chain Backward linkage Forward linkage input-output data International trade Spillover effect Substitutability Tariff barrier

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How do carbon prices spill over along global supply chains? The impact on Europe and Germany

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JOURNAL OF POLICY MODELING 2024年第5期46卷 887-907页

作者： Frankovic, Ivan European Cent Bank Frankfurt Germany Deutsch Bundesbank Frankfurt Germany

This paper uses a multisector, multiregional general equilibrium input-output model to study the spillovers of global carbon pricing to Germany and Europe. It uses the World input-output database (WIOD) to calibrate the intersectoral trade between seven regions and 56 economic sectors per region as well as EXIOBASE's sectoral accounts of greenhouse gas emissions to calibrate emission costs. We find that moving from European-only to global carbon prices does neither reduce nor increase the aggregate GDP loss for Germany or Europe as a whole. However, this masks a large degree of heterogeneity across sectors. Sectors that rely on foreign sectors, which are themselves sensitive to the transition, experience large negative spillovers from global carbon pricing. Other sectors, even those with a high emission or trade intensity, tend to benefit from global carbon pricing due to an improvement in international competitiveness. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Society for Policy Modeling. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/). JEL classification: D57;E23;H23;Q54

关键词： input-output data input-output models Carbon pricing Climate scenarios

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