In urban roads, various traffic signs, video detection device poles, street lamp poles, old facilities poles, etc. are installed on the side of the road. This makes it appear that the roadside poles are all over, whic...
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In urban roads, various traffic signs, video detection device poles, street lamp poles, old facilities poles, etc. are installed on the side of the road. This makes it appear that the roadside poles are all over, which affects the overall appearance of the city, and brings extremes to the city. This study selects the contect of the guidelines for ＂Poles integration＂ in three of Shanghai, Kunshan city and Qingdao, analyzes its advantages and disadvantages, optimizes the different classifications of the pole layout methods, and unifies the integration method of poles installed at road sections and intersections.
Nowadays, inhabitants living in rural areas of northern China still rely on traditional heating methods, such as kangs (bed-stoves), radiators heated by mini stoves, and burning caves in cold winter period. Burning ca...
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Nowadays, inhabitants living in rural areas of northern China still rely on traditional heating methods, such as kangs (bed-stoves), radiators heated by mini stoves, and burning caves in cold winter period. Burning caves are increasingly used due to free fuels from crop wastes, simple structures, and better heating effect than kangs and mini stoves. In this study, field measurements of indoor environment in several rural houses with burning caves designed by local craftsmen and located in northern China were carried out in 2010-2011. The results show that indoor temperatures maintained at above 18 degrees C and it was felt more comfortable than houses heated by kangs and mini stoves. To solve some existing problems in houses with burning caves built by local craftsmen, a new house integrated with an improved burning cave was built in December 6, 2011. The results from theoretical analysis and field measurements showed that temperature difference between adjacent rooms could be reduced by 4-6 degrees C, which is 2-5 degrees C lower than the houses with the burning caves designed by craftsmen, and the thermal efficiency reached 56.7%. In addition, the concentration of CO was reduced to 1/5 of the value in the houses with burning caves by local craftsmen. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Water and energy are inextricably linked in various industrial applications. In a Rankine cycle-based combined heat and power plant, water is used as a working fluid for power generation and as a heat carrier. The wat...
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Water and energy are inextricably linked in various industrial applications. In a Rankine cycle-based combined heat and power plant, water is used as a working fluid for power generation and as a heat carrier. The water used as heat carrier is typically incompletely recovered. Therefore, a considerable amount of make-up water is required. Energy-intensive water treatment technologies are typically used given the strict quality requirements for boiler feed water. Thus, a systematic approach is required for the synthesis and optimization of water desalination and energy conversion processes. In this study, a novel water desalination system that couples thermal membrane distillation and reverse osmosis is proposed. A water-energy integration system that features strong nexus of water and energy is then developed. A dual-objective mathematical model is also formulated for the thermodynamic analysis and optimization of the novel system to minimize fuel and freshwater consumption. Furthermore, a case study is elaborated to validate the proposed novel integration system and optimization methodology. A sensitivity analysis of the key parameters on the performance of the novel system is also conducted. The water consumption objective optimization results show that the freshwater consumption of the proposed novel water-energy integration system is reduced by 54.8% compared with the conventional system. Similarly, the results achieved from minimizing the fuel consumption show that the fuel and freshwater consumptions of the proposed novel water-energy integration system are reduced by 1.7% and 21.0%, respectively, compared with those of the conventional system. The Pareto frontier achieved from the dual-objective optimization offers a trade-off between water and fuel consumption for the proposed water-energy integration system.
We established an integrated and optimized model of vehicle scheduling problem and vehicle filling problem for solving an extremely complex delivery mode-multi-type vehicles, non-full loads, pickup and delivery in log...
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We established an integrated and optimized model of vehicle scheduling problem and vehicle filling problem for solving an extremely complex delivery mode-multi-type vehicles, non-full loads, pickup and delivery in logistics and delivery system. The integrated and optimized model is based on our previous research result-effective space method. An integrated algorithm suitable for the integrated and optimized model was proposed and corresponding computer programs were designed to solve practical problems. The results indicates the programs can work out optimized delivery routes and concrete loading projects. The model and algorithm have many virtues and are valuable in practice.
The main reasons for delay and overinvestment in construction projects are the unsmooth information flow. According to the project construction process, information flow of construction project is defined, and its mod...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781457714146
The main reasons for delay and overinvestment in construction projects are the unsmooth information flow. According to the project construction process, information flow of construction project is defined, and its model is constructed. Information flow model as the core content of information, combine the information resources, regulate the engineering project management process. Through the integrated optimization model of project construction process, using information management technology and computer and network technology, the interaction of information flow and material flow during the project are analyzed by project process model construction. Wireless system of construction site is constructed using wireless network and equipment. It allows staff and equipment to share information at real time, thus to optimize information flow of construction project. Accelerating flows of information, reduce the cost, improve the owner ability to the decision and control, and the level of management of construction projects.
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