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51st ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (SIGCSE)

作者： Rahman, Md Mahmudur Sharker, Monir Paudel, Roshan Morgan State Univ Comp Sci Dept Baltimore MD 21239 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450367936

In this era of smart devices, new technologies, gadgets, apps, and numerous systems and services available over online, teaching an introductory programming course by traditional lecture method faces challenges to draw student's attention; especially in their freshman year. In this work, we discuss our experience in teaching an introductory CS course by infusing both interactive and collaborative learning in pedagogy so that students can learn using interactive platforms, tools, technologies, systems, and services as available to them and collaboration within and among groups. For interactive learning, students used an interactive programming environment (e.g. *** classroom) as well as online eBooks. We designed several in-class exercises, assignments, small lab-based projects with example codes and expected outputs, and unit tests by using built-in unit tests library. We also, in the middle of semester, introduced collaborative learning through teamwork on well-defined projects during the learning time and submitted at the end. The collaborations include use of basic task management tools and multi-player tool of *** that the students can critic, supplement, improve peer works and learn. To evaluate the impact of this infusion, a pre- and post-survey were conducted on student cohort in two different semesters. The initial evaluation of the survey results and performances (final project and final grades) show evidence to conclude that the proposed pedagogical approach increased student motivation and engagement and facilitated learning to entry-level computer science students.

关键词： Introductory programming visual learning interactive learning eBook collaborative learning interactive programming

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An interactive Fuzzy Satisficing Method for Multiobjective 0-1 programming Problems Through Revised Genetic Algorithms

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1995年第10期28卷 407-412页

作者： Masatoshi Sakawa Kosuke Kato Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739 JAPAN

In this paper, an interactive fuzzy satisficing method for a multiobjective 0-1 programming problem is presented by incorporating the desirable features of both the interactive fuzzy programming methods and genetic algorithms. By considering the imprecise nature of human judgements, the fuzzy goals of the decision maker (DM) for objective functions are quantified by eliciting linear membership functions. If the DM specifies the reference membership levels for all of the membership functions, the corresponding Pareto optimal solution which is, in the minimax sense, nearest to the requirement can be obtained by solving the minimax problem. To generate Pareto optimal solutions by applying the proposed genetic algorithm which is modified to generate only feasible solutions, the algorithm is further revised by providing some new mechanism for forming an initial population after the first interaction with the DM. illustrative numerical examples demonstrate the both feasibility and efficiency of the proposed methods.

关键词： Genetic algorithms Multiobjective 0-1 programming Fuzzy Goals interactive programming

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Collaborative programming of robotic task decisions and recovery behaviors

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AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS 2023年第2期47卷 229-247页

作者： Eiband, Thomas Willibald, Christoph Tannert, Isabel Weber, Bernhard Lee, Dongheui German Aerosp Ctr DLR Inst Robot & Mechatron Wessling Germany Tech Univ Munich TUM Dept Elect & Comp Engn Munich Germany

programming by demonstration is reaching industrial applications, which allows non-experts to teach new tasks without manual code writing. However, a certain level of complexity, such as online decision making or the definition of recovery behaviors, still requires experts that use conventional programming methods. Even though, experts cannot foresee all possible faults in a robotic application. To encounter this, we present a framework where user and robot collaboratively program a task that involves online decision making and recovery behaviors. Hereby, a task-graph is created that represents a production task and possible alternative behaviors. Nodes represent start, end or decision states and links define actions for execution. This graph can be incrementally extended by autonomous anomaly detection, which requests the user to add knowledge for a specific recovery action. Besides our proposed approach, we introduce two alternative approaches that manage recovery behavior programming and compare all approaches extensively in a user study involving 21 subjects. This study revealed the strength of our framework and analyzed how users act to add knowledge to the robot. Our findings proclaim to use a framework with a task-graph based knowledge representation and autonomous anomaly detection not only for initiating recovery actions but particularly to transfer those to a robot.

关键词： Learning from demonstration programming by demonstration Collaborative programming interactive programming Anomaly detection Recovery behavior Task-graph Conditional task Force-based tasks Execution monitoring

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LEAVE AND RECALL - PRIMITIVES FOR PROCEDURAL programming

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 1980年第2期10卷 127-134页

作者： THIMBLEBY, H Computer Systems Laboratory Queen Mary College University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS U.K.

Two primitives for structured programming are introduced. The primitives allow a generalized procedure entry and return similar to the ‘loop’ and ‘break’ statements found in many algorithmic languages for control in repetitive commands. Examples are given and the practicality of the primitives especially for interactive programming is stressed. Finally, the detailed implementation of the primitives is discussed; they may be implemented as procedures within an existing language.

关键词： Structured programming interactive programming Recursion Goto-less programming

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Visual Code Annotations for Cyberphysical programming

Visual Code Annotations for Cyberphysical Programming

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1st International Workshop on Live programming (LIVE)

作者： Swift, Ben Sorensen, Andrew Gardner, Henry Hosking, John Australian Natl Univ Resarch Sch Comp Sci Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Queensland Univ Technol Inst Future Environ Brisbane Qld 4072 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467362658

User interfaces for source code editing are a crucial component in any software development environment, and in many editors visual annotations (overlaid on the textual source code) are used to provide important contextual information to the programmer. This paper focuses on the real-time programming activity of 'cyberphysical' programming, and considers the type of visual annotations which may be helpful in this programming context.

关键词： interactive programming program compilers user interfaces visual programming

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Efficient Fuzzy Goal programming Model for Multi-objective Production Distribution Problem

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International Journal of Applied and Computational Mathematics 2018年第2期4卷 1-19页

作者： Gupta, Srikant Ali, Irfan Ahmed, Aquil Department of Statistics and Operations Research Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh UP India

This paper comprises of modelling and optimization of a production–distribution problem with the multi-product. The proposed model combined three well-known approaches, fuzzy programming, goal programming and interactive programming to develop an efficient fuzzy goal programming (EFGP) model for multi-objective production distribution problem (MOPDP). In this approach decision maker (DM) decide the goals and constructed membership functions for each objective, and they changed according to the iterative decision taken by the DM. The proposed EFGP model for MOPDP attempts to simultaneously minimize total transportation costs and total delivery time concerning inventory levels, available initial stock at each source, as well as market demand and available warehouse space at each destination, and the constraint on the total budget. The main aid of the proposed model is that its offerings an organized outline that enables fuzzy goal decision-making for solving the MOPDP under an uncertain environment. © 2018, Springer (India) Private Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Fuzzy goal programming interactive programming Multi-objective programming Production–distribution problem

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Tangible functional programming

Tangible functional programming

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12th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional programming

作者： Elliott, Conal M. LambdaPix

ISBN: (纸本)9781595938152

We present a user-friendly approach to unifying program creation and execution, based on a notion of "tangible values" (TVs), which are visual and interactive manifestations of pure values, including functions. programming happens by gestural composition of TVs. Our goal is to give end-users the ability to create parameterized, composable content without imposing the usual abstract and linguistic working style of programmers. We hope that such a system will put the essence of programming into the hands of many more people, and in particular people with artistic/visual creative style. In realizing this vision, we develop algebras for visual presentation and for "deep" function application, where function and argument may both be nested within a structure of tuples, functions, etc. Composition gestures are translated into chains of combinators that act simultaneously on statically typed values and their visualizations.

关键词： human factors languages theory interactive programming end-user programming gestural composition combinator libraries arrows interactive visualization

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Vajra: Step-by-step programming with Natural Language 24

Vajra: Step-by-step Programming with Natural Language

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24th ACM International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI)

作者： Schlegel, Viktor Lang, Benedikt Handschuh, Siegfried Freitas, Andre Univ Manchester Manchester Lancs England Univ Passau Passau Germany Univ St Gallen St Gallen Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450362726

Building natural language programming systems that are geared towards end-users requires the abstraction of formalisms inherently introduced by programming languages, capturing the intent of natural language inputs and mapping it to existing programming language constructs. We present a novel end-user programming paradigm for Python, which maps natural language commands into Python code. The proposed semantic parsing model aims to reduce the barriers for producing well-formed code (syntactic gap) and for exploring third-party APIs (lexico-semantic gap). The proposed method was implemented in a supporting system and evaluated in a usability study involving programmers as well as non-programmers. The results show that both groups are able to produce code with or without prior programming experience.

关键词： interactive programming end-user programming semantic parsing IDEs novice programmers

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AI-Assisted programming: Applications, User Experiences, and Neuro-Symbolic Techniques (Keynote) 2022

AI-Assisted Programming: Applications, User Experiences, and...

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30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference / Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE)

作者： Gulwani, Sumit Microsoft Redmond WA 98052 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394130

AI can enhance programming experiences for a diverse set of programmers: from professional developers and data scientists (proficient programmers) who need help in software engineering and data wrangling, all the way to spreadsheet users (low-code programmers) who need help in authoring formulas, and students (novice programmers) who seek hints when stuck with their programming homework. To communicate their need to AI, users can express their intent explicitly—as input-output examples or natural-language specification—or implicitly—where they encounter a bug (and expect AI to suggest a fix), or simply allow AI to observe their last few lines of code or edits (to have it suggest the next steps). The task of synthesizing an intended program snippet from the user’s intent is both a search and a ranking problem. Search is required to discover candidate programs that correspond to the (often ambiguous) intent, and ranking is required to pick the best program from multiple plausible alternatives. This creates a fertile playground for combining symbolic-reasoning techniques, which model the semantics of programming operators, and machine-learning techniques, which can model human preferences in programming. Recent advances in large language models like Codex offer further promise to advance such neuro-symbolic techniques. Finally, a few critical requirements in AI-assisted programming are usability, precision, and trust; and they create opportunities for innovative user experiences and interactivity paradigms. In this talk, I will explain these concepts using some existing successes, including the Flash Fill feature in Excel, Data Connectors in PowerQuery, and IntelliCode/CoPilot in Visual Studio. I will also describe several new opportunities in AI-assisted programming, which can drive the next set of foundational neuro-symbolic advances.

关键词： Program Synthesis Symbolic Reasoning Machine Learning interactive programming

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Axioms from interactions of actors theory

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KYBERNETES 2004年第9-10期33卷 1433-1462页

作者： Green, N Cardiff Univ Dept Comp Sci Real Time Study Grp Cardiff CF1 3NS S Glam Wales

While working with clients in the last years of his life, Gordon Pask produced an axiomatic scheme for his Interactions of Actors Theory which is a development of his well known Conversation Theory. These axioms are interpretable as a general theory of self-organisation and are discussed as charactetistic of field concurrence and as part of the second-order cybernetics canon. An application to population density is reported supported by both kinematic and kinetic simulation. Implications for cardiovascular anti-coagulation therapy and planetary evolution are discussed.

关键词： cybernetics evolution learning interactive programming

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