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Conference on Immersive and 3D Audio - From Architecture to Automotive (I3DA)

作者： Soeta, Yoshiharu Ooi, Sho Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Biomed Res Inst Osaka Japan Ritsumeikan Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Kusatsu Shiga Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409988

Comparison of acoustic characteristics of headphones is a major concern during design or product selection. There are several specifications for the acoustic characteristics, such as frequency response, impedance, sensitivity, and so on. They rarely provide hints for a comparison between devices. In addition, spatial impression is a major subjective attribute for evaluations of a sound field, it has not been considered enough for evaluations of headphones. In this study, we focused on the comparison of headphones by acoustical measurements to find the acoustical factors that explain the spatial audio quality reproduced by headphones. Power and phase spectrum, and acoustic parameters such as the maximum amplitude of the interaural cross-correlation function (IACC) and the interaural time delay (ITD) were calculated from the impulse response. Four music pieces and one natural sound were sent through the headphones and recorded through a head and torso simulator (HATS) with binaural microphones. The recorded signals were analyzed by factors extracted from the interaural cross-correlation function (IACF). There are three factors extracted from the IACF. They are IACC, ITD, and the width of the IACF. The different frequency response represented in the specification of each headphone was confirmed by the magnitude spectrum of the impulse response. The difference of spatial audio quality among headphones was represented by the IACF factors.

关键词： spatial audio quality impulse response interaural cross-correlation function

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Relationships between interaural cross-correlation function and spatial impression of sound reproduced with five loudspeakers

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ACOUSTICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2012年第3期33卷 193-196页

作者： Isobe, Ryo Nishi, Takashi Kitakyushu Univ Grad Sch Environm Engn Wakamatsu Ku 1-1 Hibikino Kitakyushu Fukuoka 8080135 Japan

Spatial impressions were classified using the sound source localization, sound image width, and ambience. To obtain the physical measures corresponding to the spatial impression, the IACF pattern was adopted. The effectiveness of the IACF pattern was studied, focusing on the evaluation of a five- channel reproduction system through simulation. It is clear that the peak position, the peak value, i. e., IACC, and the distribution of the IACF pattern correspond to the sound source localization, source width, and ambience, respectively. In future work, we will apply the IACF pattern to the time-varying general sound signals and evaluate whether fidelity to the originally intended spatial characteristics can be realized using the reproduced multichannel sound.

关键词： Spatial impression interaural cross-correlation function Sound localization

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Validation and application of three-dimensional auralisation during concert hall renovation

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BUILDING ACOUSTICS 2020年第4期27卷 311-331页

作者： Tronchin, Lamberto Merli, Francesca Manfren, Massimiliano Nastasi, Benedetto Univ Bologna Bologna Italy Univ Southampton Southampton Hants England Delft Univ Technol Delft Netherlands

During the renovation of auditoria and concert halls, the acoustic quality is normally evaluated from measurements of impulse responses. One possibility for evaluating the acoustic quality from the measurements (the simulations) consists of convolving anechoic music with the measured (or simulated) impulse responses. In this way, a psycho-acoustic test is achieved using a virtual sound field representation. The listening room 'Arlecchino' at the University of Bologna includes ambisonics (up to fifth order) and stereo-dipole playback for virtual reproduction of sound in rooms. In this article, the effectiveness of the listening room 'Arlecchino' is first analysed, comparing acoustic parameters obtained from binaural impulse responses measured in some opera houses (in Italy) and auditorium (in Japan) with those virtually measured after the virtual reconstruction obtained in the listening rooms. The similarity between real and virtual sound fields, has been evaluated by comparing different acoustic parameters calculated by real and virtual sound fields, in four halls in different configurations, by means of the stereo-dipole method. In the second part of the article, the listening room was used to analyse the variation in interaural cross-correlation measurements in rooms obtained considering different anechoic sound signals convolved with the binaural impulse responses, to quantify the variation of the interaural cross correlation with different motifs. For this purpose, two different musical instrument digital interface musical motifs, very different from each other for their music characteristics, have been considered. Moreover, for each musical motif, different sound characteristics (i.e. different musical instruments) were considered, to consider both the rhythmic and timbre aspect.

关键词： Three-dimensional auralisation room acoustics binaural impulse response interaural cross-correlation function stereo-dipole validation

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Survey of interior noise characteristics in various types of trains

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APPLIED ACOUSTICS 2013年第10期74卷 1160-1166页

作者： Soeta, Yoshiharu Shimokura, Ryota Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Hlth Res Inst Ikeda Osaka 5638577 Japan

The aim of this paper is to determine the effects of the wheel-rail friction, motor and tires on noise characteristics in a train car. The octave-band power levels, A-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level and parameters extracted from interaural cross-correlation/autocorrelation functions were analyzed to evaluate the noise inside running train cars quantitatively and qualitatively. The three types of noise caused by wheel-rail interaction are rolling, impact, and curve squeal noises. Impact noises had larger components at lower frequencies (< 1000 Hz). Curve squeal noises had larger components at frequencies between 125 and 500 Hz in both underground and surface trains and had dominant frequency components around 250 and 500 Hz with stronger pitch in underground trains. High-speed trains had low-frequency centroids and high binaural coherence compared with normal-speed trains. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Train noise in a car interaural cross-correlation function Autocorrelation function Pitch

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Change of acoustic characteristics caused by platform screen doors in train stations

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APPLIED ACOUSTICS 2012年第5期73卷 535-542页

作者： Soeta, Yoshiharu Shimokura, Ryota Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Hlth Res Inst Ikeda Osaka 5638577 Japan

Railway companies are encouraged to install platform screen doors (PSDs) for safety reason in Japan. The PSDs might affect train noises in stations, but the effects are not well understood. The aim of the present study is to clarify the effects of PSDs on acoustic characteristics. PSDs can be principally classified by two types, i.e., mobile full-height (MFH) and mobile half-height (MHH). Train noises were recorded in ground and underground train stations with MFH, MHH and without PSDs. The noises were evaluated by noise level, the maximum peak of the interaural cross-correlation function (IACC), and the width of the first decay (W-Phi(0)) of the autocorrelation function. Noise level emitted by trains was reduced by PSDs in both aboveground and underground stations. IACC was decreased by PSDs in both ground and underground stations, suggesting that PSDs made train noises more diffused. W-Phi(0) was decreased by PSDs in both ground and underground stations, which means that the train noises in station with PSDs have higher spectral centroid, suggesting that the PSDs blocked the lower frequency components of train noises. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Train noise in station Platform screen door interaural cross-correlation function Autocorrelation function

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