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islanding detection technique based on inverse hyperbolic secant function

IET RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION 2016年第7期10卷 1002-1009页

作者： Sareen, Karan Bhalja, Bhavesh R. Maheshwari, Rudra P. Indian Inst Technol Roorkee Dept Elect Engn Roorkee 247667 Uttarakhand India

This study presents an inverse hyperbolic secant function based islanding detection technique for distribution network containing various types of distributed generations. The proposed scheme is based on rate of change of inverse hyperbolic secant function of negative sequence voltage signal. Different non-islanding events along with various islanding conditions have been simulated by modelling IEEE 34-bus system using PSCAD/EMTDC software package. The proposed scheme is able to detect islanding condition even with zero active and reactive power mismatches. Moreover, it eliminates non-detection zone completely and at the same time also remains stable during diversified non-islanding events including change in network topology. The simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme not only detects islanding condition rapidly, but also provides better stability in case of critical non-islanding events during which most of the existing schemes issue nuisance tripping. Furthermore, comparative evaluation of the proposed scheme with the recently proposed techniques in the literature clearly indicates superiority of the proposed scheme. At the end, issues related to practical implementation of the proposed scheme have also been discussed.

关键词： inverse problems power distribution faults distributed power generation reactive power power system stability islanding detection technique inverse hyperbolic secant function distribution network distributed generation negative sequence voltage signal IEEE 34-bus system PSCAD-EMTDC software package reactive power mismatch zero active mismatch network topology stability

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islanding detection technique based on relevance vector machine

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IET RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION 2016年第10期10卷 1607-1615页

作者： Makwana, Yogesh Bhalja, Bhavesh R. Indian Inst Technol Roorkee Dept Elect Engn Roorkee 247667 Uttrakhand India

This study present a new islanding detection technique based on relevance vector machine (RVM) containing various types of distributed generations (DGs). The proposed scheme is based on utilising negative sequence component of current (I-2), acquired at the terminal of the target DG. Various islanding and non-islanding events with variable real and reactive power, change in network topology and diverse X/R ratio have been generated by modelling IEEE 34 bus system in real time digital simulator (RTDS (R)/RSCAD) environment. The samples of I-2 for one cycle duration from the inception of islanding/non-islanding events are given as input to the proposed RVM classifier. The proposed classifier is able to discriminate between islanding and non-islanding events with an accuracy of 98.62% by utilising only 40% of the total dataset in training. Moreover, it is capable to classify islanding condition rapidly and correctly even with perfect power balance situation. Furthermore, it remains immune to change in network configuration/entirely different network and X/R ratio of various types of DGs. Comparative analysis of the proposed scheme in terms of accuracy, testing time and number of relevance vectors (RVs) with the existing schemes shows its superiority in discriminating islanding situation with non-islanding events.

关键词： distributed power generation IEEE standards digital simulation power engineering computing support vector machines islanding detection technique relevance vector machine distributed generations negative sequence component reactive power network topology IEEE 34 bus system real time digital simulator RTDS/RSCAD environment RVM classifier comparative analysis

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islanding detection technique based on superimposed components of voltage

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IET RENEWABLE POWER GENERATION 2017年第11期11卷 1371-1381页

作者： Makwana, Yogesh M. Bhalja, Bhavesh R. Indian Inst Technol Roorkee Dept Elect Engn Roorkee 247667 Uttrakhand India

This study presents a new islanding detection technique based on islanding discrimination factor which is derived from the superimposed components of voltages. These voltages are calculated by utilising the acquired voltage signals from the terminal of distributed generators. Various islanding and non-islanding events with varying power mismatches have been simulated on two different widely used networks namely (i) IEEE 34 bus network and (ii) IEC61850-7-420 Micro-Grid model in real time digital simulator (RTDS/RSCAD) environment. The authenticity of the presented scheme has been verified on diversified islanding and non-islanding cases, generated from the above two models. The results indicate that the proposed scheme is able to distinguish islanding situation with non-islanding events accurately. Moreover, it senses islanding condition quickly (within one and half cycle) even with perfect power balance situation and hence, eliminates non-detection zone. In addition, it also provides better stability against nuisance tripping which is initiated due to various types of non-islanding events including reconfiguration of the network. In the end, comparative assessment of the presented scheme with the scheme just published in the literature shows its domination in distinguishing islanding condition with non-islanding events.

关键词： power distribution faults distributed power generation signal detection power system stability islanding detection technique superimposed voltage component islanding discrimination factor voltage signal acquisition distributed generator IEEE 34 bus network IEC61850-7-420 microgrid model real time digital simulator environment RTDS-RSCAD environment nondetection zone elimination stability

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Rate of change of superimposed negative sequence impedance based islanding detection technique for distributed generations

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2016年第13期10卷 3170-3182页

作者： Muda, Harikrishna Jena, Premalata Indian Inst Technol Roorkee Dept Elect Engn Roorkee 247667 Uttar Pradesh India

In this study, a new islanding detection technique based on the rate of change of superimposed negative sequence impedance (ROCSNSI) is proposed. Due to the presence of non-linear loads in microgrids, a considerable amount of inter harmonic components exist in power system signals. To compute the fundamental frequency component of voltage and current signals, phasors are calculated using a full-cycle least error square technique. The ROCSNSI is considered for the discrimination of islanding and non-islanding events (NIEs). The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated by simulating IEEE 13 and IEEE 34 bus microgrid systems in real-time digital simulator. islanding and non-islanding scenarios for perfect power match condition, types of distributed generations (DGs) with various control strategies are simulated and the performance of the proposed approach is found to be accurate. It is found that, the technique identifies the islanding even under low active and reactive power mismatches and hence overcomes the non-detection zone problem. Different NIEs, like load switching, faults, tripping of DG, single-ole tripping and reconnection of the DG are considered and the technique discriminates islanding and NIEs within a full cycle from the inception point.

关键词： distributed power generation power system harmonics power generation control least squares approximations signal processing reactive power islanding detection technique distributed generations rate of change of superimposed negative sequence impedance ROCSNSI nonlinear loads interharmonic components power system signals fundamental frequency component current signals voltage signals phasors full-cycle least error square technique islanding and nonislanding event discrimination NIEs IEEE bus microgrid systems real-time digital simulator perfect power match condition control strategy active power mismatches reactive power mismatches nondetection zone problem load switching DG tripping DG fault single-pole tripping DG reconnection inception point

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FPGA implementation of an islanding detection technique for microgrid using periodic maxima of superimposed voltage components

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2020年第9期14卷 1673-1683页

作者： Kumar, Praveen Kumar, Vishal Pratap, Rajendra Indian Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn Roorkee Uttarakhand India

In this study, a novel islanding detection technique (IDT) based on the islanding discrimination factor using the periodic maxima of superimposed voltage components is proposed. The voltage profile of the target distributed generator is monitored continuously and its sequence components are extracted using half-angle theorem. A modular approach is used to implement the IDT algorithm, which is targeted on the reconfigurable hardware, i.e. field-programmable gate array. Hardware description language Verilog has been used to optimise the hardware resources and minimise the computational complexity. Hardware-in-loop verification of the proposed IDT has been done for islanding and non-islanding events with a microgrid (MG) test system developed on real-time digital simulator. Various cases for both islanding and non-islanding events, namely different faults are realised on the developed MG system. The results suggest that the proposed scheme successfully differentiates islanding events from a non-islanding event, and also detects the islanding event accurately under perfect power balance condition within half a cycle.

关键词： distributed power generation power distribution faults field programmable gate arrays hardware description languages power engineering computing field-programmable gate array implementation periodic maxima superimposed voltage components islanding detection technique islanding discrimination factor voltage profile target distributed generator sequence components half-angle theorem IDT algorithm reconfigurable hardware hardware description language Verilog hardware resources hardware-in-loop verification nonislanding event microgrid test system MG system islanding event microgrid test system perfect power balance condition

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Teager-Kaiser Energy Operator (TKEO) Based islanding detection technique for Microgrid

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IETE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH 2024年第1期70卷 1053-1070页

作者： Tadikonda, Naveenkumar Kumar, Jitendra Mahanty, R. N. Natl Inst Technol Jamshedpur Elect Engn Dept Jamshedpur Bihar India

Microgrid with local DGs suffers from unintentional islanding and protection issues. Improper detection of islanding leads to equipment damage, maloperation of circuit breakers, equipment damage, and serious injuries to operating personnel. Therefore, islanding events should be detected and DGs should be isolated from the utility within time. In this work, a new passive islanding scheme based on the Teager-Kaiser energy operator (psi) is proposed. Three-phase current and voltage samples are collected at PCC and used to calculate the psi(v)/psi(i). This psi(v)/psi(i) is used to calculate the index (N). If the index (N) is less than the threshold, the proposed IDT detects it as an islanding event (IE) event otherwise it detects as an NIE. The proposed IDT has the ability to discriminate between the non-islanding event (NIE) and islanding event (IE) during zero RPM and, zero APM different types of load switching, and the inception of different faults at different locations. The IEEE 13 bus system has been taken as a test system to test the efficacy of the proposed IDT and the test system was designed and executed in MATLAB/Simulink.

关键词： Active power mismatch Fault detection zone islanding detection technique Non-detection zone Teager-Kaiser energy operator Reactive power mismatch

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A Novel Hybrid islanding detection Method for Inverter-Based DGs Using SFS and ROCOF

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY 2017年第5期32卷 2162-2170页

作者： Khodaparastan, Mahdiyeh Vahedi, Hesan Khazaeli, Farid Oraee, Hashem Sharif Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Tehran Iran AUT Dept Elect Engn Tehran 158754413 Iran Sharif Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Tehran Iran

This paper is aimed at proposing a new hybrid method for the islanding detection of distributed-generation (DG) units. Hybrid method operation is based on the combination of an active and a passive method, for which the optimized Sandia frequency shift (SFS) method is used as the selected active method, and rate of change of frequency relay (ROCOF) is used as the passive method. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique on islanding detection, several simulation studies based on IEEE 1547 and UL1741 anti-islanding test requirements are carried out. The evaluation of simulation results reveals that the control system, based on the proposed hybrid algorithm, meets the DG islanding protection requirements efficiently. Moreover, it will be demonstrated that the proposed hybrid method is capable of accurately operating under multiple DG units, load switching in the grid-connected mode, as well as different load quality factor conditions.

关键词： Hybrid method inverter-based distributed generation (DG) islanding detection technique multi DG system negligible nondetection zone (NDZ) power-quality improvement of system rate of change of frequency (ROCOF) relay Sandia frequency-shift (SFS) method

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Artificial neural network and phasor data-based islanding detection in smart grid

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2018年第21期12卷 5843-5850页

作者： Kumar, Dhruba Bhowmik, Partha Sarathee Natl Inst Technol Durgapur Dept Elect Engn MG Ave Durgapur India

islanding is an unusual condition in a power system where the generating station continues to supply the local load after one or multiple transmission line outage. This study develops a new islanding detection technique using the artificial neural network (ANN) classifier, which is provided with synchronised phasor measurements from a nine-bus Western Electricity Coordinating Council power system. An excessive number of data frames are generated in the phasor data concentrator. Before sending these data to the classifier, multiplier-based method (MBM) and Andrews plot-based method (APBM) are applied for dimension reduction and feature extraction. Comparisons are prepared with other dimension reduction algorithms. The accuracy of the classifier has been increased by increasing the number of hidden layers, the best accuracy is observed at a certain level for APBM. Non-detection zone (NDZ) for APBM is also evaluated. It is observed that the classification accuracy, and the detection time change when the neural network is retrained. All the results are compared and analysed statistically. This method can perform faster compared to other existing algorithms with an excellent accuracy and smaller NDZ.

关键词： feature extraction power system interconnection distributed power generation power grids smart power grids power distribution faults power system measurement power engineering computing phase measurement neural nets phasor measurement phasor data-based islanding detection smart grid unusual condition generating station local load multiple transmission line outage islanding detection technique artificial neural network classifier synchronised phasor measurements nine-bus Western Electricity Coordinating Council power system excessive number data frames phasor data concentrator APBM dimension reduction algorithms nondetection zone detection time change

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A Solution to islanding Event detection Using Superimposed Negative Sequence Components-Based Scheme

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ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2023年第11期48卷 14639-14653页

作者： Kumar, Munna Kumar, Jitendra Natl Inst Technol Jamshedpur Dept Elect Engn Jamshedpur 831014 Jharkhand India

Failure of islanding detection techniques leads to improper operation of DGs, risk for working personnel, loss of control over voltage and frequency, uncoordinated protection, poor power quality, etc. Therefore, the islanding event (IE) should be identified, and its detection algorithm should be incorporated according to the standard guidelines. Through this paper, a communication-assisted passive islanding detection technique (IDT) is proposed based on an index, which is the ratio of multiplications of superimposed negative sequence voltages and currents of DG and grid sides. Proposed ID is implemented in the modified IEEE-13 bus system through the micro phasor measurement unit. The calculated index is compared with a set threshold to discriminate between the IEs and non-islanding events (NIEs). The calculation of threshold is not very complex as compared to other schemes. The efficacy of the proposed IDT is tested under various system conditions, such as zero power mismatch (ZPM), wide range of active power mismatch, and reactive power mismatch. DG disconnection and unbalanced load test cases are also performed under ZPM condition. Similarly, different NIEs like capacitor switching, load switching, nonlinear load and different fault cases are verified through the proposed IDT. Real-time implementation of proposed IDT is conducted using opal-RT.

关键词： islanding detection technique Passive technique Distributed generators Circuit breaker Utility grid

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Selection of islanding detection methods based on multi-criteria decision analysis for grid-connected photovoltaic system applications

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SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS 2014年 7卷 111-122页

作者： Datta, A. Ray, A. Mukherjee, D. Saha, H. Natl Inst Technol Meghalaya Dept Elect & Elect Engn Bijni Complex Shillong 793003 Meghalaya India Natl Inst Technol Silchar Dept Mech Engn Silchar 788010 Assam India Bengal Engn & Sci Univ Dept Elect & Tele Commun Engn Sibpur 711103 Howrah India Bengal Engn & Sci Univ Ctr Excellence Green Energy & Sensor Networks Sibpur 711103 Howrah India

islanding of photovoltaic systems is a concern primarily because it can be hazardous to both utility personnel as well as to the components in the system. This paper aims to identify the major challenges of islanding detection in the grid-connected photovoltaic system (GCPVS) and suggests an appropriate islanding detection method (IDM) based on the criteria preference of the decision-maker. Related articles appearing on islanding detections in the field of GCPVSs as well as the other distributed generators are gathered and analyzed to identify all the dominating criteria of the IDM selection. A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), is applied to evaluate different IDMs and to find an appropriate selection for GCPVS in general by evaluating their main operational characteristics. This research not only provides the application of MCDA to evaluate the IDMs for GCPVS applications but also aids the researchers and decision-makers in applying the approach effectively. Moreover, MATLAB simulation of different criteria to ascertain their clear-cut effects on the anti-islanding selection under multiple uncertainties is presented. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Analytical hierarchy process Multi-criteria decision analysis islanding detection technique Grid-connected photovoltaic application

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