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localisation algorithm for large-scale and low-density wireless sensor networks

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2011年第15期47卷 881-U1972页

作者： Dai, H. Chen, A. G. Gu, X. F. He, L. Jiangnan Univ Dept Elect Engn Minist Educ Key Lab Adv Proc Control Light Ind Wuxi 214122 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Suzhou Inst Nanotech & Nanobion Suzhou 215123 Peoples R China

A local subspace alignment algorithm for determining the relative locations of sensor nodes in large-scale and low-density wireless sensor networks is presented. Based on the pair-wise distance between each node and its neighbours within a certain communication range, the local geometry of the global structure is obtained by constructing a local subspace for each node, and those subspaces are aligned to give the internal global co-ordinates of all nodes. The localisation performance of this method is compared to the multidimensional scaling and ISOMAP methods.

关键词： local subspace alignment algorithm localisation algorithm wireless sensor network wireless sensor networks

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A multi-node collaborative and iterative UWB localisation algorithm for indoor complex environments

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SENSOR NETWORKS 2024年第3期44卷 133-143页

作者： Li, Zheng Fang, Huan Zhao, Jinyu Pang, Lin China Gridcom Co Ltd State Grid Lab Power Line Commun Applicat Technol Shenzhen 518109 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Informat & Commun Engn Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

Ultra-wide-band (UWB) has high positioning accuracy in line of sight (LOS) scenarios. However, in indoor environments with large regions and severe none line of sight (NLOS), the number of localisable nodes and positioning accuracy are unsatisfactory. In indoor complex environments with large regions, three propagation models exist: LOS, NLOS with direct path (DP-NLOS), and NLOS with none direct path (NDP-NLOS). This paper considers the indoor propagation model and proposes a multi-node collaborative and iterative UWB localisation algorithm that uses a set of anchor nodes to locate a small subset of unlocalised nodes and utilises information from these nodes to localise the remaining unlocalised nodes. Additionally, the algorithm utilises variance information of localisation inaccuracies to iterate for more accurate coordinates. Ultimately, we improve the node locatable rate by 67.7%. The root mean square error (RMSE) of localisation is reduced by 0.1 to 0.9 meters in different regions.

关键词： indoor localisation ultra-wide-band UWB line of sight LOS none line of sight NLOS localisation algorithm

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A localisation algorithm based on region partition of cellular network in wireless sensor networks

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SENSOR NETWORKS 2016年第2期20卷 63-69页

作者： Jin, Rencheng Xu, Hao Cai, Yong Hua, Zongzhi Zhu, Ming Wang, Liding Dalian Univ Technol Res Ctr Microsyst Technol Dalian 116024 Peoples R China

In this paper, anchor nodes are deployed in the vertices and the centre of hexagon, which is the basic architecture of cellular network. Unknown nodes are distributed randomly in the hexagon. Because of inerratic cellular network, the geometrical characteristic is made full use of and the network is divided into several regions. The minimal connecting hop between nodes is different in different regions. According to corresponding relationship between unknown nodes hop information and divided regions, the unknown node is determined in a very small region. Through calculating centroid of the small region, the localisation based on range-free is well completed. On the basis of the simulation results, it is demonstrated that the localisation algorithm based on region partition of cellular network we proposed has better positioning performances, compared with the typical processing.

关键词： localisation algorithm range-free cellular network WSNs wireless sensor networks

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An improved localisation algorithm for performance improvement

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS 2012年第4期10卷 337-350页

作者： Hu, Wei Xu, Fu-Yuan Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Sch Business Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China Mianyang Normal Univ Sch Math & Comp Sci Mianyang 621000 Peoples R China Univ Shanghai Sci & Technol Ctr Supernetworks Res China Shanghai 200093 Peoples R China

Aiming at solving the localisation problems in wireless sensor networks with weak adaptability, high dependence on the network environment and imperfect position accuracy, an improved Distance Vector-Hop (DV-Hop) algorithm is presented in this paper. In the improved algorithm, network communication costs and packet collision probability are reduced because the original whole network flooding is replaced by the local flooding. By using the contribution factor, the anchor node groups are optimised and the initial estimation coordinates are corrected. Our experiments are implemented in the uniformly distributed network, C-shaped network and O-shaped network. The simulation results showed that the improved DV-Hop algorithm has better performances than traditional DV-Hop algorithms.

关键词： mobile communication localisation algorithm wireless sensor networks distance vector-hop

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An infrasound source localisation algorithm for improving location accuracy of gas pipeline leakage detection system

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 2022年第1期15卷 9-18页

作者： Zhang, Mei Gao, Li Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Shuangshuang Anhui Univ Sci & Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Huainan Peoples R China

To solve inaccurate location for urban gas pipeline leakage, an optimised algorithm based on infrasound source location is developed in this study. First, wavelet transform is adopted to denoise the infrasound signal that is collected from gas pipeline leakage by the sensor array. Subsequently, the generalised cross-correlation method is proposed to determine the delay between adjacent sensor nodes. Next, the location of the leakage point is calculated using the built location model of leakage source. A gas pipeline leakage detection system is developed using low-power WAN technology and embedded microprocessor to implement this localisation algorithm. Lastly a simulation experiment of leakage location is performed in the laboratory. As revealed from the experimental results, the detection system exhibits high location accuracy.

关键词： gas pipeline leakage detection system localisation algorithm infrasound source generalised cross-correlation method embedded microprocessor

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Semidefinite programming-based localisation and tracking algorithm using Gaussian mixture modelling

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2017年第16期11卷 2514-2523页

作者： Zhang, Yueyue Zhu, Yaping Xia, Weiwei Yan, Feng Shen, Lianfeng Southeast Univ Natl Mobile Commun Res Lab Nanjing 210096 Jiangsu Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Networking & Switching Technol Beijing Peoples R China

In this study, the authors propose a semidefinite programming (SDP)-based localisation and tracking algorithm, which mitigates the non-line-of-sight (NLOS) error of range measurement and calibrates the accumulative error within the inertial sensing data. Both the range measurement in a mixed line-of-sight/NLOS environment and the step length estimated from inertial sensing information are approximated parametrically using Gaussian mixture modelling, and a maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) is formulated to obtain the optimal position estimation. Since the Gaussian mixture models are non-linear functions of positions, the MLE is a non-convex problem, which global optimum is difficult to attain. Then, the non-convex MLE is transformed into an SDP-based localisation and tracking problem, relying on Jensen's inequality and semidefinite relaxation. Thus, a sub-optimal solution to the original MLE can be achieved. Moreover, the Cramer-Rao lower bound is also derived to serve as a performance indicator for localisation errors. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed algorithm. Compared with the existing algorithms, the proposed algorithm owns the best localisation accuracy, and can achieve a sub-metre level accuracy to a root mean square error of 0.46m in the real deployments.

关键词： mathematical programming Gaussian processes mixture models maximum likelihood estimation mean square error methods semidefinite programming tracking algorithm localisation algorithm Gaussian mixture modelling SDP NLOS error inertial sensing data maximum-likelihood estimator MLE optimal position estimation nonlinear functions Jensen's inequality semidefinite relaxation root mean square error

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A new algorithm for supervisor reduction/localisation of discrete-event systems

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL 2025年第2期98卷 481-491页

作者： Liu, Yingying Wu, Lihua Zhang, Renyuan Cai, Zhaojian Cai, Kai Northwest A&F Univ Coll Informat Engn Xianyang Peoples R China South China Agr Univ Coll Math & Informat Guangzhou Peoples R China Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Automat Xian Peoples R China Osaka Metropolitan Univ Dept Core Informat Osaka Japan Osaka Metropolitan Univ Dept Core Informat 3-3-138 SugimotoSumiyoshi Ku Osaka 5588585 Japan

In this article, we propose a new algorithm for supervisor reduction/localisation of discrete-event systems (DES). Supervisor reduction/localisation is based on merging pairs of states of the supervisor that are control consistent. Our proposed algorithm employs two new lists - a mergeable list and a non-mergeable list - which store state pairs that have been confirmed to be control consistent or inconsistent, respectively. With these two lists, our algorithm eliminates any repeated control consistency checks, and guarantees that every state pair will be checked exactly once. We prove that the time complexity of our new algorithm is O(n(2)), where n is the state number of the supervisor;this improves all previously known results on supervisor reduction/localisation algorithms. We employ numerical examples to empirically compare the computation time and local controller's state number obtained by our proposed algorithm and the original supervisor reduction/localisation algorithms.

关键词： Supervisory control theory discrete event system supervisor reduction/localisation localisation algorithm

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High-accuracy localisation method for PD in transformers

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IET SCIENCE MEASUREMENT & TECHNOLOGY 2020年第1期14卷 104-110页

作者： Cai, Junyi Zhou, Lijun Hu, Junjie Zhang, Chenqingyu Liao, Wei Guo, Lei Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Elect Engn Chengdu Peoples R China

This study proposes a high-accuracy method of localising partial discharge (PD) for transformer fault diagnosis. This study aims to solve the problem of high-accuracy estimation of PD in transformers by detecting the acoustic signals. First, by combining the advantages of the differential evolution (DE) algorithm and the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm, the authors describe a hybrid DE-PSO algorithm that can maintain great diversity even at the later stage of calculation. For further accuracy, a cooperative localisation differential evolution-particle swarm optimization-correction-Newton's method (DPCN) algorithm based on the DE-PSO algorithm and Newton's method with consideration of corrected time difference of arrival values is proposed. The results of simulations and experiments show that the proposed algorithm has excellent performance with high accuracy and strong robustness, and it can meet the needs of field applications.

关键词： fault diagnosis particle swarm optimisation partial discharges evolutionary computation transformers Newton method partial discharge PD transformer fault diagnosis high-accuracy estimation transformers acoustic signals differential evolution particle swarm optimisation algorithm hybrid DE-PSO algorithm localisation algorithm Newton's method high-accuracy localisation method high-accuracy method

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Novel sensor location scheme using time-of-arrival estimates

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IET SIGNAL PROCESSING 2012年第1期6卷 8-13页

作者： Wang, T. Catholic Univ Louvain ICTEAM Inst B-1348 Louvain Belgium

This study proposes a novel scheme for locating an asynchronous sensor with synchronised beacons using time-of-arrival (TOA) estimates. In this scheme, a reference beacon initiates the localisation by emitting a ranging signal, and the sensor position is estimated by measuring the length of the signal propagation path from the reference beacon to every beacon via the sensor. The associated Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) is derived, and a localisation algorithm, which does not need a priori knowledge about the TOA estimation accuracy, is proposed based on the constrained least square (LS) principle. It is illustrated by numerical experiments that the proposed scheme features a lower CRB compared to the conventional time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA)-based scheme, and the performance of the proposed algorithm is close to the CRB, especially when the sensor is in the centre area surrounded by the beacons.

关键词： time-difference-of-arrival scheme signal propagation path sensor placement Signal processing and detection constrained least square principle time-of-arrival estimation CRB sensor location scheme constrained LS principle reference beacon localisation algorithm Wireless sensor networks TOA estimates TDOA scheme synchronised beacons least squares approximations sensor position Cramer-Rao bound asynchronous sensor ranging signal Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis)

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Broadband direction of arrival estimation in presence of angular spread

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2001年第15期37卷 986-987页

作者： Ghogho, M Durrani, TS Univ Strathclyde Dept Elect & Elect Engn Glasgow G1 1XW Lanark Scotland

The problem of scattered broadband source localisation is addressed. It is shown that an accurate localisation requires both spatial and temporal processing of the array data owing to coherence loss across the array due to the scattering being frequency-selective. A computationally efficient localisation algorithm is then developed, based on applying the covariance matching method to the frequency domain snapshots. The main feature of the algorithm is that no model is required for the spatial coherence loss function.

关键词： temporal processing coherence loss spatial processing Signal detection frequency-selective scattering angular spread array signal processing covariance analysis broadband direction of arrival estimation direction-of-arrival estimation Signal processing theory localisation algorithm frequency domain snapshots covariance matching method Other topics in statistics scattered broadband source localisation

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