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lossless compression algorithm for colour images

ELECTRONICS LETTERS 1999年第3期35卷 214-215页

作者： Acha, B Serrano, C Rangayyan, RM Roa, LM Univ Seville Area Teoria Senal & Comunicac Escuela Super Ingn Seville 41092 Spain Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Comp Engn Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada Univ Seville Grp Ingn Biomed Escuela Super Ingn Seville Spain

A new segmentation-based lossless compression method is proposed for colour images. The method exploits the correlation existing among the three colour planes by treating each pixel as a vector of three components, and performing region growing and difference operations using the vectors. The method performs better than the JPEG standard by an average of 0.68 bit/pixel with a 12 image database.

关键词： colour images Image and video coding data compression image segmentation segmentation-based compression method image coding lossless compression algorithm correlation colour Computer vision and image processing techniques

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A lossless compression algorithm FOR DNA SEQUENCES

A LOSSLESS COMPRESSION ALGORITHM FOR DNA SEQUENCES

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10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems

作者： Soliman, Taysir H. A. Gharib, Tarek F. Abo-Alian, Alshaimaa Alsharkawy, Mohammed Assiut Univ Fac Comp & Informat Assiut Egypt Ain Shams Univ Fac Comp & Informat Sci Assiut Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9789898111371

Homology search is the seed for both genomics and proteomics research. However, the increase of the amount of DNA sequences requires efficient computational algorithms for performing sequence comparison and analysis. This is due to the fact that standard compression algorithms are not able to compress DNA sequences because they do not consider special characteristics of DNA sequences (i.e. DNA sequences contain several approximate repeats and complimentary palindromes are frequent in DNA). Recently, new algorithms have been proposed to compress DNA sequences, often using detection of long approximate repeats. The current work proposes a lossless compression algorithm (LCA), providing a new encoding method. LCA achieves a better compression ratio than that of existing DNA-oriented compression algorithms, when compared to GenCompress and DNACompress, using nine different datasets.

关键词： lossless compression algorithm encoding approximate repeats palindrome

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Agile lossless compression algorithm for Big Data of Solar Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Network

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SENSORS AND MATERIALS 2022年第11期34卷 4095-4111页

作者： El-Hageen, Hazem M. Albalawi, Hani Alatwi, Aadel M. Abd Elrahman, Walaa R. Faqeh, Sultan T. Mohammed Univ Tabuk Fac Engn Elect Engn Dept POB 741 Tabuk 71491 Saudi Arabia Univ Tabuk Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency Ctr REEEC POB 741 Tabuk 71491 Saudi Arabia Egyptian Atom Energy Author POB 29 Nasr City 11787 Cairo Egypt Univ Tabuk Ind Innovat & Robot Ctr IIRC POB 741 Tabuk 71491 Saudi Arabia Univ Tabuk Fac Engn Mech Engn Dept POB 741 Tabuk 71491 Saudi Arabia

Time series data are collected through most of the applications that permeate our lives today. Internet of Things (IoT) sensor data are generated through smart applications and stored in databases. Time series databases require huge storage spaces, as over time they consume a large amount of memory. In this paper, we propose an enhanced compression algorithm for time series data generated by IoT systems that monitor the production of electrical energy by solar panels. The best way to ensure that solar energy systems have high efficiency is to continuously monitor all electrical and environmental factors. However, this requires the collection of enormous quantities of data that can be used to detect defects in the generation of electric energy or in solar panels. As the data must be available for analysis, a lossless compression algorithm is needed. In addition, the compressed data must be in a format that can be queried to perform analysis operations dependent on speed;this means that the decompression of data should not be time-consuming. Our results showed the high speed of the compression process along with good compression rate (16.6%) after applying the proposed compression algorithm.

关键词： lossless compression algorithm solar energy compressed time series data wireless sensor network

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Evolutionary Synthesis of lossless compression algorithms with GP-zip3

Evolutionary Synthesis of Lossless Compression Algorithms wi...

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2010 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence

作者： Kattan, Ahmed Poli, Riccardo Univ Essex Sch Comp Sci & Elect Engn Colchester CO4 3SQ Essex England

ISBN: (纸本)9781424481262

Here we propose GP-zip3, a system which uses Genetic Programming to find optimal ways to combine standard compression algorithms for the purpose of compressing files and archives. GP-zip3 evolves programs with multiple components. One component analyses statistical features extracted from the raw data to be compressed (seen as a sequence of 8-bit integers) to divide the data into blocks. These blocks are then projected onto a two-dimensional Euclidean space via two further (evolved) program components. K-means clustering is applied to group similar data blocks. Each cluster is then labelled with the optimal compression algorithm for its member blocks. Once a program that achieves good compression is evolved, it can be used on unseen data without the requirement for any further evolution. GP-zip3 is similar to its predecessor, GP-zip2. Both systems outperform a variety of standard compression algorithms and are faster than other evolutionary compression techniques. However, GP-zip2 was still substantially slower than off-the-shelf algorithms. GP-zip3 alleviates this problem by using a novel fitness evaluation strategy. More specifically, GP-zip3 evolves and then uses decision trees to predict the performance of GP individuals without requiring them to be used to compress the training data. As shown in a variety of experiments, this speeds up evolution in GP-zip3 considerably over GP-zip2 while achieving similar compression results, thereby significantly broadening the scope of application of the approach.

关键词： GP-zip3 K-mean clustering data compression data compression decision tree decision trees evolutionary computation evolutionary synthesis feature extraction file compression file organisation fitness evaluation strategy genetic algorithms genetic programming lossless compression algorithm optimal compression algorithm pattern clustering standard compression algorithm statistical analysis statistical feature extraction two-dimensional Euclidean space

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Multiple Leads With a Switch Mode for lossless and Lossy compression Using Very-Large-Scale Integratinn Technology

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IEEE ACCESS 2018年 6卷 67291-67300页

作者： Tseng, Yun-Hua Chen, Yuan-Ho Lu, Chih-Wen Natl Tsing Hua Univ Dept Engn & Syst Sci Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Chang Gung Univ Dept Elect Engn Taoyuan 33302 Taiwan Chang Gung Mem Hosp Dept Radiat Oncol Linkou 33305 Taiwan

Electrocardiogram monitoring is crucial for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, we developed a wearable device involving multiple leads that monitors cardiac electrical activity using very large-scale integration technology to facilitate long-term activity monitoring. In addition to using limb leads and augmented limb leads for monitoring heart activity, six unipolar chest leads were attached to six positive electrodes and placed on the surface of the chest to record electrical activity of different regions of the heart. The multiple leads lie perpendicular to the frontal plane and were integrated within a single circuit to reduce hardware costs and size of the device. The proposed architecture also allows users to switch between lossless and lossy compression to control the power consumption and bit compression ratio. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was verified by fabricating a chip using 0.18-mu m CMOS technology. The proposed architecture core has an operating frequency of 41 MHz and a gate count of 4K.

关键词： Electrocardiogram (ECG) multiple leads lossless compression algorithm lossy compression algorithm bit compression ratio

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Lightweight authentication scheme for smart grid using Merkle hash tree and lossless compression hybrid method

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2018年第19期12卷 2478-2484页

作者： Tohidi, Hamed Vakili, Vahid Tabataba Iran Univ Sci & Technol Sch Elect Engn Tehran Iran

In order to make efficient use of the benefits of smart grid, meeting the security objectives of the network seems an essential requirement. Implementation of authentication protocols on the communication among the nodes of the network plays an important role in achieving the security objectives. In this study, a lightweight authentication scheme is presented for the connection between the neighbourhood area network gateway and the control centre in the smart grid. In the proposed scheme, a lossless compression algorithm, as well as Merkel hash tree, is used to compress the data prior to cryptography. Due to the fact that large amounts of data are compressed in the compression process and then Merkel tree is applied on them, confidentiality of the data against cryptanalysis attacks has increased considerably. Security analysis of the proposed scheme indicates that the objectives of confidentiality, data integrity, and availability have been fully achieved, and the process of authentication and counteraction to the replay attack has been successfully applied. In addition, making use of the compression algorithm, as well as one time pad cryptography system, tends to reduce the computational, communication, and storage costs of the proposed scheme compared to previous scheme.

关键词： telecommunication security smart power grids message authentication trees (mathematics) data integrity cryptography data compression program verification internetworking cryptographic protocols lightweight authentication scheme smart grid lossless compression hybrid method security objectives essential requirement authentication protocols neighbourhood area network gateway lossless compression algorithm compression process Merkel tree security analysis data integrity counteraction previous scheme

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lossless image compression using ordered binary-decision diagrams

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ELECTRONICS LETTERS 2001年第3期37卷 162-163页

作者： Mateu-Villarroya, P Prades-Nebot, J Univ Politecn Valencia Dept Comun ETSITV Valencia 46022 Spain

A lossless compression algorithm for images based on ordered binary-decision diagrams (OBDDs) is presented. The algorithm finds an OBDD which represents the image exactly and then codes the OBDD efficiently. The resul... 详细信息

关键词： OBDD binary decision diagrams Image and video coding data compression image coding Signal processing theory lossless compression algorithm Combinatorial mathematics lossless image compression Computer vision and image processing techniques ordered BDD ordered binary-decision diagrams

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Protecting data compression: arithmetic coding

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-COMPUTERS AND DIGITAL TECHNIQUES 2000年第4期147卷 221-228页

作者： Redinbo, GR Univ Calif Davis Dept Elect & Comp Engn Davis CA 95616 USA

Data-compression implementations are particularly sensitive to internal faults because most inherent redundancy in the input data is minimised by the source-coding process. Fault-tolerance techniques are presented for protecting a lossless compression algorithm, arithmetic coding, that is vulnerable to temporary hardware failures. The fundamental arithmetic operations are protected by low-cost residue codes, employing new fault-tolerance methods for multiplications and additions, as recently reported. However, additional fault-tolerant design techniques are developed to protect critical steps such as normalisation and rounding, bit stuffing and index selection. These approaches integrate well with residue codes. Normalisation and rounding after multiplication are protected by efficiently modifying the multiplier to produce residue segments. The decoding step that selects the next symbol is checked by comparing local values with estimates already calculated in other parts of the decoding structure, whereas bit stuffing, a procedure for limiting very long carry propagations, is checked by modified residue values. Overhead complexity issues are discussed as rough estimates.

关键词： index selection fault tolerance techniques lossless compression algorithm residue codes source-coding process Computational complexity computational complexity normalisation data compression encoding bit stuffing Codes Cryptography theory Data handling techniques rounding arithmetic coding decoding

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Novel algorithm for compression of magnetic flux leakage signal data obtained from wire ropes

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INSIGHT 2019年第2期61卷 76-82页

作者： Wang Hong-yao Tian Jie Lv Xin Li Xiao-wei Meng Guo-ying Bilen, Sven Wu, Xinli China Univ Min & Technol Beijing Sch Mech Elect & Informat Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Penn State Univ Sch Engn Design Technol & Profess Programs University Pk PA 16802 USA

The safety inspection of wire ropes is vital to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment. The detection of magnetic flux leakage is one of the most practical methods for evaluating the safety of wire ropes. However, compressing the data for this method has to date proven to be difficult. In this study, the lossless compression approach is adopted for data from defective sections of wire rope and the lossy compression approach is used for data from undamaged sections of wire rope. A lossless compression algorithm is then developed based on analysis of the structure and characteristics of the magnetic flux leakage signal. Here, a predictor, which was designed based on the correlation coefficient characteristics of the magnetic flux leakage signal, facilitates the removal of correlations between data from various sampling points. This reduces the information entropy, thereby enhancing the entropy coding efficiency and, in turn, helping to code the predictive error correctly. The experimental results show that for an information entropy of 4.0343 bits for the original signal, the lossless compression algorithm produces an average code length of 3.3 bits. This constitutes an average bit rate reduction of 0.7343 bits and a large reduction in the average number of bits for each data sample. It was found that the proposed algorithm ensures a high compression ratio. Furthermore, the signal-to-noise ratio of the recovery signal based on the proposed compression algorithm increased by 86%.

关键词： magnetic flux leakage detection lossless compression algorithm wire rope defect detection wire rope safety

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Low-Power Multi-Lead Wearable ECG System With Sensor Data compression

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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 2022年第18期22卷 18045-18055页

作者： Wang, Liang-Hung Zhang, Zong-Heng Tsai, Wen-Ping Huang, Pao-Cheng Abu, Patricia Angela R. Fuzhou Univ Dept Microelect Coll Phys & Informat Engn Fuzhou 350108 Fujian Peoples R China Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ Coll Comp & Informat Sci Fuzhou 350002 Fujian Peoples R China Ateneo Manila Univ Dept Informat Syst & Comp Sci Quezon City 1108 Philippines

This study proposes a low-power wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition system for monitoring human health in daily life. A flexible sensing electrode was designed to replace traditional silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) electrodes for measuring ECG signals from leads I, II, and V1. The traditional multi-lead-wired ECG detector limits the movements and activities of the patient and requires medical staff to assist in collecting ECG signals. The portable ECG acquisition device proposed in this article is not only comfortable to wear but also convenient for patients to use anytime, anywhere. To increase the sampling rate of the device to obtain more ECG signal information, this study proposes an innovative Huffman lossless ECG data compression algorithm based on variable-word length coding (VLC). This algorithm can efficiently realize data compression and reduce power consumption. It makes the whole system operate continuously for a long period of time and acquire abundant ECG information, which is helpful for clinical diagnosis. Experimental results show that when the sampling rate is 400 Hz, the working current is only 3.64 mA, and the compression ratio (CR) of the device can reach 2.38.

关键词： Bluetooth low energy (BLE) electrocardiogram (ECG)-sensing electrodes lossless compression algorithm

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