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macro-modeling on cyclic behavior of concrete-encased steel short columns under shear failure

JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 2022年 51卷

作者： Xue, Yicong Shang, Chongxin Yang, Yong Yu, Yunlong Xian Univ Architecture & Technol Sch Civil Engn Xian 710055 Shaanxi Peoples R China Xian Univ Architecture & Technol Key Lab Struct Engn & Earthquake Resistance Minist Educ Xian 710055 Shaanxi Peoples R China

Concrete-encased steel (CES) structural members, in which a steel shape is encased in a reinforced concrete (RC) section, are widely applied in high-rise buildings as the primary lateral resistance systems. Because the brittle shear failure is usually observed in CES short columns under seismic excitation, it is essential to accurately evaluate the cyclic behavior of these CES short columns to ensure structural safety. In order to account for the contribution of shear action to the entire cyclic response of CES short columns, a new macro-modeling strategy implemented in OpenSees is proposed in this paper. In the proposed numerical model, the cyclic behavior of CES short columns is simulated by traditional fiber sections and a novel nonlinear shear spring in series. Therefore, the applied fiber sections can evaluate the flexural action and the effect of bar slip, and the shear action, including shear deformation and shear capacity, can be formulated by the nonlinear shear spring. After the detailed parameters (shear strength, shear stiffness, post-peak behavior, hysteretic laws, and failure criteria) of the nonlinear shear spring are defined, available pseudo-static test results are employed to validate the proposed model. The comparison between the numerical and test results indicated that the proposed model could reasonably capture the peak load, ultimate load, peak displacement, and energy dissipation of the tested CES short columns, and the existing elements in Opensees (fiber element and flexure-shear interaction element) are inappropriate to apply for modeling the cyclic behavior of CES short columns.

关键词： Concrete-encased steel Short columns Shear failure Nonlinear shear spring Fiber beam-column element model macro-modeling

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A novel broadband macro-modeling using piecewise vector fitting

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IEEJ TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING 2017年第1期12卷 80-86页

作者： Zhang, Weidong Xie, Shuguo Beihang Univ Elect & Informat Engn Dept 37 XueYuan Rd Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

For broadband frequency domain responses of highly dynamical systems, because vector fitting always has low accuracy especially at resonant frequency response points, a new piecewise vector fitting algorithm is proposed. The complete broadband frequency range is divided into a number of sections. Vector fitting is then applied to each section to identify the poles and residues. Through frequency partitioning, the numerical conditioning of the pole and residue identification equations is improved. Then in each section a sub-macromodel is obtained. Finally, by adding up the sub-macromodels in each section, a novel broadband macro-model with high accuracy is obtained for the whole broadband frequency domain. At the same time, to reduce redundant poles, in each section the number of poles is controlled by a predefined fitting error. An illustrative example involving a low-pass filter is presented for validation of the proposed method. (c) 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

关键词： vector fitting frequency domain macro-modeling piecewise

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NoC Router Power macro-modeling at High Level

NoC Router Power Macro-modeling at High Level

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2011 2ND International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communication and 2011 Asia-Pacific Conference on Information Technology and Ocean Engineering(CICC-ITOE 2011)

作者： Fang Zhou Ning Wu Ying Zhang Xin Ge Department of Electronic Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics China Telecom

This paper proposes a methodology for power extraction of the Network-on-Chip router. The router power model is devoted to overcoming the shortcoming of existing architecture-level power simulators with higher accuracy and providing a fast and precise power profile to enable power optimization such as power-aware compiler, core mapping, and scheduling techniques. Each component of the router is modeled by different methods according to different characteristics. Multiple linear regression is used to model the relationship between events occurring in the No C and energy consumption. Using the EDA platform of Synopsys and SMIC 180 nm standard cell library, we compare our power model to the gate-level power analysis by Prime Time PX. Experimental results show that the average estimation error of the proposed power model is 5.0% against the gate-level simulation with 600 times speed up.

关键词： NoC router power macro-modeling

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A macro-modeling Approach For Through Silicon Via

A Macro-Modeling Approach For Through Silicon Via

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IEEE EUROCON

作者： Khaled Salah Hani Ragai Yehea Ismail Mentor Graphics Ain-Shams University AUC University

ISBN: (纸本)9781467322331

modeling parasitic parameters of Through-Silicon Via (TSV) structures is essential in exploring electrical characteristics such as delay and signal integrity (SI) of circuits and interconnections in three-dimensional (3D) Integrated Circuits (ICs). This paper presents a complete set of self-consistent equations including self and coupling terms for capacitance of general multi-TSV structures. The error when using the closed form expressions as compared to a field solver is less than 7%. As TSV parasitic capacitance is less than other conventional IO structures' capacitance, therefore TSV technology results in lower I/O power consumption, which makes it suitable for low power applications.

关键词： Three-Dimensional ICs Through Silicon Via modeling TSV Dimensional Analysis macro-modeling

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A Nonlinear macro-model for Numerical Simulation of Perforated Steel Beams

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STEEL STRUCTURES 2019年第5期19卷 1605-1623页

作者： Erfani, Saeed Akrami, Vahid Amirkabir Univ Technol Civil Engn Dept Tehran Iran

Perforated steel beams are being used widely in moment resisting frames. Given the computational expense of detailed numerical simulations, it seems necessary to introduce a simplified macro-model to be used in nonlinear analyses. This paper presents a nonlinear macro-model for numerical simulation of perforated steel I-beams. Results of finite element analysis on eighty perforated beams are used to calibrate the parameters of proposed macro-model. Then, results from proposed macro-model are verified against eight experiments gathered from other references and nine FE models analyzed by authors. The comparison shows that, the proposed macro-model has acceptable accuracy and can be utilized for further studies on the perforated steel I-beams.

关键词： Perforated steel beam Moment resisting frame macro-modeling Cyclic loading Plastic hinge P-M interaction

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A macro-block model for in-plane loaded masonry walls with non-associative Coulomb friction

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MECCANICA 2013年第9期48卷 2107-2126页

作者： Casapulla, C. Portioli, F. Maione, A. Landolfo, R. Univ Naples Federico II Dept Struct Engn & Architecture I-80134 Naples Italy

This paper presents a macro-block model and a simplified procedure for the prediction of the collapse load and the failure mechanism of in-plane loaded masonry walls, with non-associative frictional contact interfaces. The macro-block modeling is based on the assumption that the failure involves a single crack where all the possible relative motions among micro-blocks are concentrated. Two limiting conditions for the ultimate load factor are kinematically computed in closed form, by use of minimization routines of limit analysis. The results are compared against micro-block modeling and other macro-block models through a few illustrative examples and a parametric analysis. The influence of the main mechanical and geometrical parameters, such as unit aspect, scale effect, overload and friction is also shown.

关键词： Limit-state analysis Non-associative frictional joints macro-modeling Micro-modeling Masonry shear walls

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A numerical model for the analysis of masonry walls in-plane loaded and strengthened with steel bars

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES 2013年 72卷 13-27页

作者： Akhaveissy, A. H. Milani, G. Razi Univ Fac Engn Dept Civil Engn Kermanshah Iran Politecn Milan DIS I-20133 Milan Italy

A novel macro-model for the analysis of masonry shear walls reinforced with steel bar grids is presented. The model is based on the so-called disturbed state concept (DSC), with a modified hierarchical single yield surface (HISS-CT) plasticity model accounting for a distinct behavior in tension and compression: The effect induced by the introduction of different reinforcement ratios is discussed, in terms of increase of both failure load and ductility. With reference to a quasi-square shear wall, an optimal reinforcement ratio is evaluated by means of the numerical model proposed and subsequently compared with recommendations provided by the Canadian masonry design standard. The comparison shows how minimum values proposed by Canadian standard are suboptimal and hence not totally suitable to obtain a proper increase of the seismic performance of shear walls in high seismicity region. A second example, relying into a shear panel with eccentric openings and subjected to horizontal loads, is analyzed in detail. It is assumed to strengthen the structure by means of a light and a heavy reinforcement, to deeply investigate the role played by steel bars in masonry seismic upgrading. A new explicit formula is finally presented, useful to provide a quick estimation of the load carrying capacity of reinforced masonry, to be eventually used in common design. (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforced masonry macro-modeling Steel bars Disturbed state concept Shear walls Optimal steel reinforcement ratio

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Improved global rational approximation macromodeling algorithm for networks characterized by frequency-sampled data

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES 2000年第9期48卷 1461-1468页

作者： Elzinga, M Virga, KL Prince, JL Univ Arizona Dept Elect & Comp Engn Ctr Elect Packaging Res Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Recently, the demand for high-performance wireless designs has been increasing while simultaneously the speed of high-end digital designs have crossed over the gigahertz range. New simulation tools which accurately characterize high-frequency inter-connects are needed, This paper presents improvements to a new macromodeling algorithm described in [1], The algorithm employs curve-fitting techniques to achieve a pole-residue approximation of the frequency-sampled network. The frequency sampled S-parameters or Y-parameters can be obtained from measurement or full-wave simulation to characterize the frequency-dependent interconnects behavior. The improvements extend the approach to lossless structures, increase its accuracy with pole-clustering, and ensure its validity with a passivity test. This paper addresses some of the special considerations that must be made to the method so it can efficiently and accurately be applied to lossless circuits and structures. The resulting algorithm is now capable of accurately extracting a wide-band frequency domain macromodel from frequency-sampled data for either LC circuit (lossless) or RLC circuits (lossy), The frequency-domain macromodel can be linked to a SPICE circuit simulator for mixed signal circuit analysis using RF, analog, and digital circuits. The circuit can be simulated in the time domain using recursive convolution.

关键词： curve-fitting interconnect simulation macro-modeling measured data passivity poles pole-residue approximation rational approximation S-parameters transfer functions transient simulation transmission lines Y-parameters

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A coupled efficient and systematic full-wave time-domain macromodeling and circuit simulation method for signal integrity analysis of high-speed interconnects

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ADVANCED PACKAGING 2004年第1期27卷 213-223页

作者： Li, EP Liu, EX Li, LW Leong, MS Natl Univ Singapore Inst High Performance Comp Div Computat Elect & Electromagnet Singapore 117528 Singapore Natl Univ Singapore Dept Elect & Comp Engn Singapore 119260 Singapore

This paper presents an accurate and systematic approach for analysis of the signal integrity of the high-speed interconnects, which couples the full-wave finite difference time domain (FDTD) method with scattering (S) parameter based macromodeling by using rational function approximation and the circuit simulator. Firstly, the full-wave FDTD method is applied to characterize the interconnect subsystems, which is dedicated to extract the S parameters of the subnetwork consisting of interconnects with fairly complex geometry. Once the frequency-domain discrete data of the S parameters of the interconnect subnetwork is constructed, the rational function approximation is carried out to establish the macromodel of the interconnect subnetwork by employing the vector fitting method, which provides a more robust and accurate solution for the overall problem. Finally, the analysis of the signal integrity of the hybrid circuit can be fulfilled by using the S parameters based macromodel synthesis and simulation program with integrated circuits emphasis (SPICE) circuit simulator. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach is accurate and efficient to address the hybrid electromagnetic (interconnect part) and circuit problems, in which the electromagnetic field effects are fully considered and the strength of SPICE circuit simulator is also exploited.

关键词： FDTD method high-speed interconnects macro-modeling rational function approximation signal integrity S parameter

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In-plane frictional resistances in dry block masonry walls and rocking-sliding failure modes revisited and experimentally validated

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COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING 2018年 132卷 197-213页

作者： Casapulla, C. Argiento, L. U. Univ Naples Federico II Dept Struct Engn & Architecture Via Form Vecchio 36 I-80134 Naples Italy

This paper presents new findings in the assessment of the lateral strength of dry block masonry walls under in-plane loading, based on an existing macro-modelling approach using limit analysis methods. The evaluation of the in-plane frictional resistances activated at the onset of the rocking-sliding mechanisms is revisited and two equivalent formulations accounting for the self weight of the wall and additional loads are presented. The accuracy and robustness of the analytical results are assessed by experimentally testing both the resultant frictional resistances and their applications points. The solution procedure of the previous macro-block model providing upper and lower bounds for the ultimate load factor is also reconsidered and the computation of the "exact" load factor falling within the range is proposed. A satisfactory comparison is found with a micro-block and other macro-block models existing in the literature. This comparison is carried out through a parametric analysis, in terms of both the load factor and the failure mode and with reference to the effects of chosen parameters (wall aspect, unit aspect, unit size ratios and overload) on the load factor. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Limit analysis Experimental frictional behavior Ultimate load factor macro-modeling Micro-modeling Masonry shear walls

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