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Hybrid macroprogramming Wireless Networks of Embedded Systems with Declarative Naming

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED SENSOR NETWORKS 2012年第unknown期2012卷 1-15页

作者： Intanagonwiwat, Chalermek Chulalongkorn Univ Dept Comp Engn Fac Engn Bangkok 10330 Thailand

Wireless Networks of Embedded Systems (WNES) are notoriously difficult and tedious to program. The difficulty is mostly originated from low-level details in system and network programming. This includes distributedly managing and accessing resources from a dynamic set of nodes in hostile and volatile networks. To simplify WNES programming, we propose Declarative Resource Naming (DRN) that abstracts out the mentioned low-level details by programming a WNES in the large (i.e., macroprogramming). DRN provides programming simplicity, expressiveness, tunability, on-the-fly reprogrammability, and in-network data aggregation for energy savings. None of existing macroprogramming paradigms supports all of the mentioned features. Furthermore, DRN is an integration of declarative and imperative programming. The low-level details are declaratively abstracted out, but the main algorithm remains procedural. This allows programming simplicity without an adverse impact on the expressiveness. We have implemented and evaluated DRN on two platforms: Smart Message and Mate. Our result indicates that DRN enables programmers to develop energy-efficient applications with the desired flexibility and quality.

关键词： HYBRID systems macroprogramming WIRELESS sensor networks EMBEDDED computer systems ALGORITHMS ENERGY consumption COMPUTER programming

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Information extraction from sensor networks using the Watershed transform algorithm

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INFORMATION FUSION 2015年 22卷 39-49页

作者： Hammoudeh, Mohammad Newman, Robert Manchester Metropolitan Univ Manchester M1 5GD Lancs England Wolverhampton Univ Wolverhampton WV1 1LY England

Wireless sensor networks are an effective tool to provide fine resolution monitoring of the physical environment. Sensors generate continuous streams of data, which leads to several computational challenges. As sensor nodes become increasingly active devices, with more processing and communication resources, various methods of distributed data processing and sharing become feasible. The challenge is to extract information from the gathered sensory data with a specified level of accuracy in a timely and power-efficient approach. This paper presents a new solution to distributed information extraction that makes use of the morphological Watershed algorithm. The Watershed algorithm dynamically groups sensor nodes into homogeneous network segments with respect to their topological relationships and their sensing-states. This setting allows network programmers to manipulate groups of spatially distributed data streams instead of individual nodes. This is achieved by using network segments as programming abstractions on which various query processes can be executed. Aiming at this purpose, we present a reformulation of the global Watershed algorithm. The modified Watershed algorithm is fully asynchronous, where sensor nodes can autonomously process their local data in parallel and in collaboration with neighbouring nodes. Experimental evaluation shows that the presented solution is able to considerably reduce query resolution cost without scarifying the quality of the returned results. When compared to similar purpose schemes, such as "Logical Neighborhood", the proposed approach reduces the total query resolution overhead by up to 57.5%, reduces the number of nodes involved in query resolution by up to 59%, and reduces the setup convergence time by up to 65.1%. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information extraction Watershed segmentation Query scoping macroprogramming Wireless sensor networks

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The Programmable City 6th

The Programmable City

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6th International Conference on Ambient Systems, Networks and Technologies (ANT) / 5th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Information Technology (SEIT)

作者： Martins, Pedro M. N. McCann, Julie A. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med Dept Comp London SW7 2AZ England

The worldwide proliferation of mobile connected devices has brought about a revolution in the way we live, and will inevitably guide the way in which we design the cities of the future. However, designing city-wide systems poses a new set of challenges in terms of scale, manageability and citizen involvement. Solving these challenges is crucial to making sure that the vision of a programmable Internet of Things (IoT) becomes reality. In this article we will analyse these issues and present a novel programming approach to designing scalable systems for the Internet of Things, with an emphasis on smart city applications, that addresses these issues. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Ubiquitous Computing Programming Languages macroprogramming Internet of Things

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SenseSim: An Agent-Based and Discrete Event Simulator for Wireless Sensor Networks and the Internet of Things 2

SenseSim: An Agent-Based and Discrete Event Simulator for Wi...

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2015 IEEE 2nd World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT)

作者： Dyk, Michal Najgebauer, Andrzej Pierzchala, Dariusz Mil Univ Technol Fac Cybernet Warsaw Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9781509003662

This paper presents the concept and the main design aspects of the new sensor network simulator called SenseSim. It is also a tool which can be used for researches on the Internet of Things. In contrast to most of existing simulators in this area, SenseSim does not mainly focus on the wireless communication issues. It has been designed to simulate heterogeneous sensor network as an autonomous system which observes changing phenomena. Moreover, the behavior of the devices can be modified by macroporgramming the network. Both sensors and phenomena can be easily configured. SenseSim uses efficient simulation engine called DisSim and its modular design allows to expand its functionality and interoperate with real devices.

关键词： Internet of Things Wireless Sensor Networks agent-based simulation discrete-event simulation macroprogramming

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The Programmable City

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Procedia Computer Science 2015年 52卷 334-341页

作者： Pedro M.N. Martins Julie A. McCann Department of Computing Imperial College London 180 Queen's Gate London SW7 2AZ UK

关键词： Ubiquitous Computing Programming Languages macroprogramming Internet of Things

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Energy-Efficient Task Mapping for Data-Driven Sensor Network macroprogramming

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS 2010年第7期59卷 955-968页

作者： Pathak, Animesh Prasanna, Viktor K. Univ So Calif Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

Data-driven macroprogramming of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) provides an easy to use high-level task graph representation to the application developer. However, determining an energy-efficient initial placement of these tasks onto the nodes of the target network poses a set of interesting problems. We present a framework to model this task-mapping problem arising in WSN macroprogramming. Our model can capture placement constraints in tasks, as well as multiple possible routes in the target network. Using our framework, we provide mathematical formulations for the task-mapping problem for two different metrics-energy balance and total energy spent. For both metrics, we address scenarios where 1) a single or 2) multiple paths are possible between nodes. Due to the complex nature of the problems, these formulations are not linear. We provide linearization heuristics for the same, resulting in mixed-integer programming (MIP) formulations. We also provide efficient heuristics for the above. Our experiments show that our heuristics give the same results as the MIP for real-world sensor network macroprograms, and show a speedup of up to several orders of magnitude. We also provide worst-case performance bounds of the heuristics.

关键词： Sensor networks task mapping macroprogramming

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High-Level Abstractions in Wireless Sensor Networks: Status, Taxonomy, Challenges, and Future Directions

High-Level Abstractions in Wireless Sensor Networks: Status,...

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Zone 1 Conference of the American-Society-for-Engineering-Education (ASEE Zone)

作者： Alajlan, Abrar M. Elleithy, Khaled M. Univ Bridgeport Dept Comp Sci & Engn Bridgeport CT 06604 USA Univ Bridgeport Fac Engn Dept Comp & Elect Engn Bridgeport CT 06604 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479952335

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained a lot of considerations in recent years and have significant impacts on different application areas. Wireless sensors have been successfully deployed in different computing environments to measure, gather and process the raw information in the sensing area to the observers. Sensor networks provide infinite opportunities, but at the same time pose rough challenges due to the sensors' characteristics and the operating conditions of these sensors. This paper provides an extensive study of the current state-of-art in programming wireless sensor network, presenting a classification of programming levels in the field and highlighting some likely programming challenges and research future directions.

关键词： macroprogramming Programming Approaches Programming Challenges Sensor Network

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Two SAS Macros for Differential Item Functioning Analysis

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APPLIED PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT 2014年第1期38卷 81-82页

作者： Hao, Shiqi Michigan Dept Educ Lansing MI 48909 USA

The article reflects on two SAS macros, the computer programming language DIF_MC and DIF_Polyfor analysis of Differential Item functioning (DIF). It informs that DIF_MC is based on the criterion established by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) and National Assessment of Education Progress (NAEP) and reports that it uses Mantel-Haezael delta statistics (MH-D) method for analysis. It mentions that DIF_Poly macro is used to detect DIF for multiple-choice or binary items.

关键词： SAS (Computer program language) macroprogramming BINARY system (Mathematics) PROGRAMMING languages (Electronic computers)

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Srijan: A Graphical Toolkit for Sensor Network macroprogramming

Srijan: A Graphical Toolkit for Sensor Network Macroprogramm...

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7th Joint Meeting of the European Software Engineering Conference/ ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering

作者： Pathak, Animesh Gowda, Mahanth K. INRIA Paris Rocquencourt Project Team ARLES F-78153 Rocquencourt France

ISBN: (纸本)9781605580012

macroprogramming is an application development technique for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) where the developer specifies the behavior of the system, as opposed to that of the constituent nodes. In this proposed demonstration, we would like to present Srijan, a toolkit that enables application development for WSNs in a graphical manner using data-driven macroprogramming. It can be used in various stages of application development, viz. i) specification of application as a task graph, ii) customization of the auto-generated source files with domain-specific imperative code, iii) specification of the target system structure, iv) compilation of the macroprogram into individual customized runtimes for each constituent node of the target system, and finally v) deployment of the auto generated node-level code in an over-the-air manner to the nodes in the target system. The current implementation of Srijan targets both the Sun SPOT sensor nodes and larger nodes with J2SE. Our demonstrattion will encourage users to perform end-to-end WSN application development on the SPOTs using Srijan.

关键词： Sensor Networks Too licit macroprogramming

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Scalable Map-Based Tasking for Urban Scale Multi-purpose Sensor Networks

Scalable Map-Based Tasking for Urban Scale Multi-purpose Sen...

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IEEE Topical Conference on Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks (WiSNet)

作者： Huy Tran Bulusu, Nirupama Thanh Dang Feng, Wu-chi Washington State Univ Vancouver WA USA Portland State Univ Portland ME USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467331050;9781467331043

Zoom [1] is a map-based approach for tasking sensor networks where sensing tasks are encoded into 2D task maps. The location of a pixel in the map corresponds to a physical location. The pixel value encodes information necessary for a node to discover and perform its corresponding sensing tasks. Although Zoom is very intuitive and scalable with the number of nodes, it does not scale well with the number of tasks with overlapping sensing regions. We propose and evaluate a new approach to encode sensing tasks for Zoom to reduce the size of encoded task maps. The key idea is that although the total number of tasks might be large, the number tasks being requested over a geographical region at a specific time can be small. Therefore, a fewer number of bits can be used to encode the IDs of the tasks being requested to reduce the size of encoded task maps. Our evaluation based on simulation shows that the new multiplexing approach can significantly reduce the size of encoded task maps.

关键词： Multi-purpose sensor networks map-based tasking macroprogramming

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