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GTFS Bus Stop mapping to the OSM Network

Procedia Computer Science 2017年 109卷 50-58页

作者： Jan Vuurstaek Glenn Cich Luk Knapen Ansar-Ul-Haque Yasar Tom Bellemans Davy Janssens Hasselt University Transportation Research Institute (IMOB) Agoralaan 3590 Diepenbeek Belgium

Due to budget constraints public transportation (PT) can no longer be deployed in regions where it attracts insufficient customers. Novel techniques like demand-responsive collective transportation (DRT) are evaluated to cut costs. This requires detailed simulations that are able to predict travel demand and include trip execution. Simulating facilities acting as feeder services to time-table based PT services requires detailed and accurate information about the PT infrastructure on a network. However, there are no public data sources that combine network and PT infrastructure data with the preferred level of detail. A newly developed bus stop mapping technique is presented. It uses the OpenStreetMap (OSM) and General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) open data sources, which are maintained independently. Merging the data into a single database requires alignment. Developing bus stop mapping algorithms is challenging due to (i) inaccurate location data, (ii) inconsistent data sources and (iii) the vastly interconnected PT network and services. Due to the inaccuracy in the GTFS stop locations and in the OSM network, pure geometric considerations might lead to multiple candidate solutions to map a stop to the network. The new technique handles all GTFS trips at once and operates under the assumption that PT operators minimize the total distance driven to complete all trips.

关键词： OpenStreetMap (OSM) General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) Micro-Simulation Public Transport mapping algorithm

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mapping onto Eq-5 D for patients in poor health

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HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES 2010年第2010期8卷 141-141页

作者： Versteegh, Matthijs M. Rowen, Donna Brazier, John E. Stolk, Elly A. Erasmus Univ iMTA iBMG NL-3000 DR Rotterdam Netherlands Univ Sheffield Sch Hlth & Related Res Sheffield S1 4DA S Yorkshire England

Background: An increasing amount of studies report mapping algorithms which predict EQ-5 D utility values using disease specific non-preference-based measures. Yet many mapping algorithms have been found to systematically overpredict EQ-5 D utility values for patients in poor health. Currently there are no guidelines on how to deal with this problem. This paper is concerned with the question of why overestimation of EQ-5 D utility values occurs for patients in poor health, and explores possible solutions. Method: Three existing datasets are used to estimate mapping algorithms and assess existing mapping algorithms from the literature mapping the cancer-specific EORTC-QLQ C-30 and the arthritis-specific Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) onto the EQ-5 D. Separate mapping algorithms are estimated for poor health states. Poor health states are defined using a cut-off point for QLQ-C30 and HAQ, which is determined using association with EQ-5 D values. Results: All mapping algorithms suffer from overprediction of utility values for patients in poor health. The large decrement of reporting 'extreme problems' in the EQ-5 D tariff, few observations with the most severe level in any EQ-5 D dimension and many observations at the least severe level in any EQ-5 D dimension led to a bimodal distribution of EQ-5 D index values, which is related to the overprediction of utility values for patients in poor health. Separate algorithms are here proposed to predict utility values for patients in poor health, where these are selected using cut-off points for HAQ-DI (> 2.0) and QLQ C-30 (< 45 average of QLQ C-30 functioning scales). The QLQ-C30 separate algorithm performed better than existing mapping algorithms for predicting utility values for patients in poor health, but still did not accurately predict mean utility values. A HAQ separate algorithm could not be estimated due to data restrictions. Conclusion: mapping algorithms overpredict utility values for patients in poor health

关键词： Poor Health Extreme Problem mapping algorithm Health Assessment Questionnaire Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index

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New heuristic algorithms for low-energy mapping and routing in 3D NoC

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN TECHNOLOGY 2013年第1期47卷 1-13页

作者： Liu, Yanhua Ruan, Ying Lai, Zongsheng East China Normal Univ Inst Microelect Circuit & Syst Shanghai 200062 Peoples R China Nantong Univ Jiangsu Prov Key Lab ASIC Design Nantong 226000 Peoples R China

Three Dimensional Network on Chip (3D NoC), which reduces the average number of hops traversed by a packet, can achieve better performance than the traditional 2D NoC. However, when routers deliver packets in 3D NoC, more energy consumption is needed. High-energy consumption and small packaging density will cause excessive heat, which increases vulnerability of the system in performance and reliability. In this paper, we present a low-energy consumption mapping algorithm based on the symmetry of the architecture and construct a deadlock-free routing algorithm using mapping result information. Our proposed algorithms can reduce the total energy consumption of communication and achieve a good system performance under the bandwidth constraints. To evaluate the efficacy of the algorithms, we perform experiments on several benchmarks and compare the proposed algorithms with other existing algorithms. Experimental results show that, for complex benchmarks, our proposed algorithms get better results than others.

关键词： 3D NoC three dimensional network on chip low-energy consumption mapping algorithm deadlock-free routing algorithm

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Space Vector based DTC Scheme for a 3-Level Inverter Realized by Cascading Two 2-Level Inverters 1

Space Vector based DTC Scheme for a 3-Level Inverter Realize...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control, and Energy Systems (ICPEICES)

作者： Vinod, B. R. Baiju, M. R. Coll Engn Dept Elect & Commun Trivandrum Kerala India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467385879

This paper proposes a space vector based direct torque control (SVDTC) scheme implemented on a three-level cascaded inverter. The cascaded inverter configuration is implemented by cascading two two-level inverters. The proposed space vector DTC scheme avoids look up Table for the selection of switching voltage vectors as used in the conventional DTC scheme. The space vector algorithm used in this three-level SVDTC scheme eliminates the sector identification procedure and uses a mapping technique to simplify three-level to a two-level modulation scheme. Switching vector timing durations are determined for two-level mode and finally the required switching vectors are obtained by reverse mapping technique. The proposed method is practically implemented on a 2-hp induction motor driven by cascaded three-level inverter and experimental results are exhibited to validate closed loop speed control capability of the scheme.

关键词： Direct Torque Control Space Vector Modulation mapping algorithm Cascaded Inverter Induction Motor Drive

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Evaluation of the performance of algorithms mapping EORTC QLQ-C30 onto the EQ-5D index in a metastatic colorectal cancer cost-effectiveness model

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HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES 2020年第1期18卷 240-240页

作者： Franken, Mira D. de Hond, Anne Degeling, Koen Punt, Cornelis J. A. Koopman, Miriam Uyl-de Groot, Carin A. Versteegh, Matthijs M. van Oijen, Martijn G. H. Univ Utrecht Univ Med Ctr Utrecht Canc Ctr Dept Med Oncol POB 85500 NL-3508 GA Utrecht Netherlands Leiden Univ IT Dept Med Ctr Leiden Netherlands Univ Melbourne Fac Med Dent & Hlth Sci Sch Populat & Global Hlth Canc Hlth Serv Res Unit Melbourne Vic Australia Univ Amsterdam Amsterdam Univ Med Ctr Canc Ctr Amsterdam Dept Med OncolLocat AMC Amsterdam Netherlands Erasmus Univ Inst Hlth Policy & Management Inst Med Technol Assessment Rotterdam Netherlands

BackgroundCost-effectiveness models require quality of life utilities calculated from generic preference-based questionnaires, such as EQ-5D. We evaluated the performance of available algorithms for QLQ-C30 conversion into EQ-5D-3L based utilities in a metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patient population and subsequently developed a mCRC specific algorithm. Influence of mapping on cost-effectiveness was *** available algorithms were compared with observed utilities from the CAIRO3 study. Six models were developed using 5-fold cross-validation: predicting EQ-5D-3L tariffs from QLQ-C30 functional scale scores, continuous QLQ-C30 scores or dummy levels with a random effects model (RE), a most likely probability method on EQ-5D-3L functional scale scores, a beta regression model on QLQ-C30 functional scale scores and a separate equations subgroup approach on QLQ-C30 functional scale scores. Performance was assessed, and algorithms were tested on incomplete QLQ-C30 questionnaires. Influence of utility mapping on incremental cost/QALY gained (ICER) was evaluated in an existing Dutch mCRC cost-effectiveness *** available algorithms yielded mean utilities of 1: 0.87sd:0.14,2: 0.81 +/- 0.15 (both Dutch tariff) and 3: 0.81 +/- sd:0.19. algorithm 1 and 3 were significantly different from the mean observed utility (0.83 +/- 0.17 with Dutch tariff, 0.80 +/- 0.20 with U.K. tariff). All new models yielded predicted utilities drawing close to observed utilities;differences were not statistically significant. The existing algorithms resulted in an ICER difference of Euro10,140 less and Euro1765 more compared to the observed EQ-5D-3L based ICER (Euro168,048). The preferred newly developed algorithm was Euro5094 higher than the observed EQ-5D-3L based ICER. Disparity was explained by minimal diffences in incremental QALYs between *** p id=Par Available mapping algorithms sufficiently accurately predict utilities. With the commonly used s

关键词： QLQ-C30 EQ-5D-3L Quality of life Utility mapping algorithm Colorectal cancer

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A Distributed Workflow mapping Method Oriented Homogeneous Activity

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GRID AND DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING 2016年第3期9卷 99-107页

作者： Yang, Fei Zhu, Yinzhou Beijing Inst Petrochem Technol Dept Comp Beijing Peoples R China Beihang Univ Comp Sci & Engn Dept Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

Workflow model based-on homogeneous activity needs to be transformed into basic workflow model in order to run in distributed environment. A workflow model mapping algorithm oriented homogeneous activity is proposed which can generate independent basic workflow fragments for homogeneous activities of different configuration modes using different processing mechanisms, and then form the basic workflow model based on the assembly of these workflow fragments. The algorithm provides a complete set of virtual mapping mechanism to solve it effectively focusing on the problem of the topological relationship of redundant activities difficult to describe in the dynamic selection model of homogeneous activity.

关键词： Workflow Homogeneous Activity Serial Mode Parallel Mode mapping algorithm

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A novel design framework for the design of reconfigurable systems based on NoCs 10

A novel design framework for the design of reconfigurable sy...

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Proceedings of the 20th symposium on Great lakes symposium on VLSI

作者： Vincenzo Rana Donatella Sciuto Politecnico di Milano Milano Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300124

In the last years, the embedded systems market is considerably grown, even though techniques and methodologies for the design of embedded systems, both from the hardware and the software point of view, have not been able to fully support this growth. Within this context, novel methodologies and design flows are required in order both to improve the quality and to shorten the time-to-market of very complex embedded *** the above scenario, the main goals of this work are the definition of a novel reconfigurable Network-on-Chip (NoC) architecture characterized by a very high timing performance and a very low area usage, and the development of a framework for the design of Multi-Processor Systems-on-Chip (MPSoCs) based on the proposed NoC. The proposed design flow makes it possible to dynamically adapt and optimize the underlying NoC communication infrastructure to the application that is currently running on the device, even if its communications pattern is not known at design time. In particular, the backbone of the NoC is placed on the static regions, while the computational soft cores of the input applications are partitioned into islands and each island (along with its local portion of the NoC) is automatically mapped by the proposed design flow on a single reconfigurable *** physical devices used within this work are Xilinx FPGA devices, that allow, thanks to their capabilities of partial dynamic reconfiguration, the design of flexible MPSoCs.

关键词： network-on-chip reconfigurable computing design flow mapping algorithm

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Vision-Based Localization and mapping for an Autonomous Mower

Vision-Based Localization and Mapping for an Autonomous Mowe...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： Junho Yang Soon-Jo Chung Seth Hutchinson David Johnson Michio Kise Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering Coordinated Science Laboratory University of Illinois@Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801USA Turf & Utility Advanced Development John Deere Cary NC 27513 USA Intelligent Solution Group John Deere Urbandale IA 50322 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467363563

This paper presents a vision-based localization and mapping algorithm for an autonomous mower. We divide the task for robotic mowing into two separate phases, a teaching phase and a mowing phase. During the teaching phase, the mower estimates the 3D positions of landmarks and defines a boundary in the lawn with an estimate of its own trajectory. During the mowing phase, the location of the mower is estimated using the landmark and boundary map acquired from the teaching phase. Of particular interest for our work is ensuring that the estimator for landmark mapping will not fail due to the nonlinearity of the system during the teaching phase. A nonlinear observer is designed with pseudo-measurements of each landmark's depth to prevent the map estimator from diverging. Simultaneously, the boundary is estimated with an EKF. Measurements taken from an omnidirectional camera, an IMU, and a ground speed sensor are used for the estimation. Numerical simulations and offline teaching phase experiments with our autonomous mower demonstrate the potential of our algorithm.

关键词： Autonomous Mower vision-based localization mapping algorithm landmarks mapping(MATHEMATICAL) Pedagogy Teaching Phase mowing Lawns nonlinearity boundary layer boundary map Maximum a posteriori estimation

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New mapping Model in 2D Mesh for Nview Multidisplay

New Mapping Model in 2D Mesh for Nview Multidisplay

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IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing

作者： Tao Jiang Min Li Xiaoshan Yu Huaxi Gu State Key Lab. of Integrated Service Networks Xidian Univ. Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479989218

Nview Multidisplay technology is getting popular in many fields. In order to allow a high degree of parallel processing, the processing units would be massively replicated on the chip. Traditional bus based architecture faces scalability issue. In this paper, we introduce the concept of network on chip to Nview Multidisplay application. The 2D Mesh topology is explored based on the requirement of Nview Multidisplay. A new mapping model and a mapping algorithm are developed to obtain an optimized placement of the processing units. The results from our simulations under the metrics of end-to-end (ETE) delay and throughput in different offered load are compared with those of traditional mesh topology.

关键词： mesh generation network-on-chip parallel processing 2D Mesh topology 2D mesh ETE delay Nview Multidisplay application Nview multidisplay technology end-to-end delay mapping algorithm network on chip new mapping model processing units Delays Hardware Load modeling Parallel processing Streaming media Throughput Topology 2D Mesh Network-on-Chip Nview Multidisplay OPNET simulation mapping model network-on-chip PARALLEL PROCESSING (COMPUTERS) Streaming Video Load modeling Throughput End-to-end delay topology mesh generation Computer hardware

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A Dynamic mapping Method to Keep Region Connectedness in DVE Systems

A Dynamic Mapping Method to Keep Region Connectedness in DVE...

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2016 IEEE Information Technology,Networking,Electronic and Automation Control Conference(ITNEC 2016)

作者： Wei Zhang Hangjun Zhou College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Department of Information Management Hunan College of Finance and Economics

ISBN: (纸本)9781467391955

Multi-server infrastructure is often used to enhance the scalability of Distributed Virtual Environment(DVE) systems. Under this infrastructure, assigning all clients to proper servers, also referred to as the mapping problem, is a key issue as it affects the overall system performance and the interactive experience of the participants. Most traditional mapping methods consider the load balancing problem or the communication delay between clients and servers, but ignore the influence of the virtual world integrity in the mapping process. In this study, we propose a novel dynamic mapping algorithm which can keep the connectedness of all regions in the virtual world and effectively maintain its integrity. Simulation results show that our algorithm greatly decreases the costs of DVE systems for migration of clients and improves the users' degree of satisfaction.

关键词： DVE systems mapping algorithm virtual world integrity region connectedness

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