massivemultiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) technology employs hundreds of antennas at the base station (BS) of a cellular system. Activating hundreds of antennas requires hundreds of radio-frequency (RF) chains tha...
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massivemultiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) technology employs hundreds of antennas at the base station (BS) of a cellular system. Activating hundreds of antennas requires hundreds of radio-frequency (RF) chains that lead to high cost and high energy consumption. Antenna selection techniques reduce the number of RF chains while curtailing the resulting performance loss. In this study, the authors consider massive-MIMO downlink with zero-forcing (ZF) precoding in a single cell. In ZF precoding with antenna selection, the number of users must always be less than or equal to the number of selected antennas, which may require adopting user selection (scheduling) algorithms. They propose a joint user and antenna selection algorithm to increase BS's energy efficiency (EE) and show that its performance is very close to that of the optimum exhaustive-search based scheme. Using an analytical approximation for EE of the proposed scheme in asymptotically large numbers of users region, they find the optimum number of antennas to be selected.
This work concerns wireless cellular networks applying massivemultiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) technology. In such a system, the base station in a given cell is equipped with a very large number (hundreds or eve...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479935123
This work concerns wireless cellular networks applying massivemultiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) technology. In such a system, the base station in a given cell is equipped with a very large number (hundreds or even thousands) of antennas and serves multiple users. Estimation of the channel from the base station to each user is performed at the base station using an uplink pilot sequence. Such a channel estimation procedure suffers from pilot contamination. Orthogonal pilot sequences are used in a given cell but, due to the shortage of orthogonal sequences, the same pilot sequences must be reused in neighboring cells, causing pilot contamination. The solution presented in this paper suppresses pilot contamination, without the need for coordination among cells. Pilot sequence hopping is performed at each transmission slot, which provides a randomization of the pilot contamination. Using a modified Kalman filter, it is shown that such randomized contamination can be significantly suppressed. Comparisons with conventional estimation methods show that the mean squared error can be lowered as much as an order of magnitude at low mobility.
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