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Fractional-order-induced symmetric multi-scroll chaotic attractors and double bubble bifurcations in a memristive coupled Hopfield neural networks

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CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS 2024年 178卷

作者： Biamou, Arsene Loic Mbanda Tamba, Victor Kamdoum Tagne, Francois Kapche Takougang, Armand Cyrille Nzeukou Univ Dschang Dept Telecommun & Network Engn IUT Fotso Victor Bandjoun POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Dschang Dept Elect Engn Res Unit Automat & Appl Comp IUT FV Bandjoun POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Dschang Fac Sci Dept Phys Res Unit Condensed Matter POB 67 Dschang Cameroon

The multi-state memristor is a type of memristor capable of memorizing multiple conductance states. This special feature is successfully used to mimic the behavior of neural synapses and simulate the influences of electro-magnetic induction and radiation in artificial neural networks such as Hopfield neural networks. This paper introduces and examines a novel fractional-order Hopfield neural network model consisting of two non-identical sub-Hopfield neural networks coupled by a multi-stable flux controlled memristor (MCFHNN). The pinched hysteresis loops of the multi-stable flux controlled memristor are analyzed via numerical simulations. The equilibrium points of MCFHNN model and their stability are investigated. The introduced MCFHNN model is solved by using Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM). By using some examination methods such as spectral entropy complexity, bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits, maximum Lyapunov exponent and basins of attrac-tion, we analyze the dynamic behaviors of MCFHNN model associated with coupling strength, fractional-order and initial states. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed MCFHNN model is capable to develop abundant and complicated dynamics including, chaos, multiple transient transition behaviors, double bubble bifurcations, initial-boosted behavior and symmetric multi-scroll chaotic attractors. It is found that the complexity results are in agreement with those obtained from the bifurcation diagrams. This proves that the complexity can well reflect the dynamic behaviors of MCFHNN model. In order to support theoretical and nu-merical results, the designed MCFHNN model is implemented with the help of an Arduino-Due microcontroller board based on the Atmel SAM3X8E ARM Cortex-M3 processor. The results are in very good agreement with those obtained from computational simulations.

关键词： MCFHNN model Initial-boosted behavior Multiple transient transition behaviors Symmetric double-scroll chaotic attractors Double bubble bifurcations microcontroller implementation

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Dynamics, Controls of the Nonsmooth-Air-Gap Brushless Direct Current Motor Under the Influence of Temperature and Embedded in a microcontroller

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JOURNAL OF CONTROL AUTOMATION AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS 2024年第6期35卷 1121-1134页

作者： Venkatesh, Jayaraman Nkengne, Steve Tchassem Kingni, Sifeu Takougang Fotsin, Hilaire Bertrand Sekhar, D. Chandra Rajagopal, Karthikeyan Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Artificial Intelligence Chennai 600069 Tamilnadu India Univ Dschang Fac Sci Dept Phys Res Unit Condensed Matter Elect & Signal Proc UR M POB 67 Dschang Cameroon Univ Maroua Natl Adv Sch Mines & Petr Ind Dept Mech Petr & Gas Engn POB 46 Maroua Cameroon Vemu Inst Technol Dept Elect & Elect Engn Chithoor India SRM Inst Sci & Techonol Ramapuram Ctr Res Chennai 600089 India SRM Easwari Engn Coll Ctr Res Chennai 600089 India

This paper investigates the dynamical behaviors, experimental validation using a microcontroller technique, and control strategies for complex and coexisting behaviors in a nonsmooth-air-gap brushless direct current motor under the influence of temperature (NAGBDCMT). Steady-state analysis reveals three steady states with unstable branches in the three considered planes. The NAGBDCMT exhibits diverse dynamical structures, including bistable regular and chaotic domains, monostable attractors, periodic and continuous spiking, coexisting chaotic and regular spiking behaviors, various complex characteristics, and coexistence between continuous spiking oscillations and chaotic characteristics. These dynamical structures are corroborated by an ATMEGA2560 microcontroller realization scheme. Control of the complex characteristics and coexisting attractors in the NAGBDCMT is achieved using two configured single controllers and a linear augmentation control scheme, respectively.

关键词： Controls of chaos and coexisting attractors Chaotic attractors Coexisting attractors Brushless direct current motor microcontroller implementation Linear augmentation control technique

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Initial states-induced complex behaviors in a memristive coupled Hopfield neural network model and its application in biomedical image encryption

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PHYSICA SCRIPTA 2024年第1期99卷 015215-015215页

作者： Biamou, Arsene Loic Mbanda Tamba, Victor Kamdoum Kuate, Guy Chance Gildas Tagne, Francois Kapche Takougang, Armand Cyrille Nzeukou Fotsin, Hilaire Bertrand Univ Dschang Dept Elect Engn Res Unit Automat & Appl Comp IUT Fotso Victor Bandjoun POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Dschang Fac Sci Dept Phys Res Unit Condensed Matter Elect & Signal Proc POB 67 Dschang Cameroon Univ Dschang Dept Telecommun & Network Engn IUT Fotso Victor Bandjoun POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon

The multi-stable memristor is a type of memristor that can store multiple conductance states, optimizing information management and improving the efficiency of artificial neural networks such as Hopfield networks. It can improve the performance of Hopfield neural networks by minimizing the synaptic weight between neurons and increasing information storage capacity through its ability to store multiple levels of conductance. This paper presents and discusses a novel Hopfield neural network model composed of two non-identical sub-neural networks coupled by a flux-controlled multi-stable memristor (MCHNN) and its application in biomedical image encryption. Using analysis methods such as bifurcation diagrams, phase portraits, maximum Lyapunov exponent, and basins of attraction, we analyze the dynamics of the MCHNN model associated with coupling strength and initial states. Numerical results show that the proposed MCHNN model is capable of developing rich and complex dynamics, including chaos, double-bubble bifurcations, homogeneous and non-homogeneous coexisting attractors at different positions induced by initial states. To support the numerical results, the MCHNN model is implemented on a ATmega 2560 microcontroller. The results are in very good agreement with those obtained thoeretically and numerically. We exploit the interesting properties of the proposed MCHNN model to generate random bits for biomedical image encryption. We evaluate the robustness and efficiency of the designed image encryption algorithm by carrying out statistical tests and security analyses.

关键词： MCHNN model initial-boosted behavior double bubble bifurcations microcontroller implementation RGN biomedical image encryption

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microcontroller implementation of a Multivariable Fractional Order PI Controller

Microcontroller Implementation of a Multivariable Fractional...

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19th International Conference on Control Systems and Computer Science

作者： Muresan, Cristina I. Dulf, Eva H. Both, Roxana Palfi, Andrei Caprioru, Mircea Tech Univ Cluj Napoca Dept Automat Control Cluj Napoca Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9780769549804

Fractional order calculus has been used intensively to control various types of processes. The main approaches towards fractional order controllers focus on the single-input-single-output systems. The general design procedure consists in a frequency domain specification of various performance criteria followed by optimization routines. The implementation issues regarding fractional order controllers are based on Oustaloup approximations and are centered on SISO processes. The present paper addresses the problem of implementing on a microcontroller a fractional order multivariable controller for time delay processes. The paper presents a tuning algorithm for determining the parameters of the multivariable fractional order controller and the implementation issues. The multivariable time delay process is implemented in Matlab Simulink environment. The experimental results show that the fractional order multivariable controller implemented on a simple microcontroller provides similar results to that obtained by simulation, even under uncertainty conditions.

关键词： Multivariable fractional order PI robustness experimental results microcontroller implementation

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Autonomous Jerk Oscillator with Quadratic Nonlinearities: Theoretical Investigations, Chaos Control, and Difference Synchronization

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IRANIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 2023年第4期47卷 1313-1324页

作者： Sriram, Balakrishnan Tamba, Victor Kamdoum Dongmo, Eric Donald Chamgoue, Andre Cheage Rajagopal, Karthikeyan Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Nonlinear Syst Chennai 600069 Tamilnadu India Univ Dschang Dept Telecommun & Network Engn IUT Fotso Victor Bandjoun POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Buea Coll Technol Dept Mech Engn POB 63 Buea Cameroon Univ Ngaoundere Sch Geol & Min Engn POB 115 Meiganga Cameroon Chandigarh Univ Univ Ctr Res & Dev Dept Elect & Commun Engn Mohali 140413 Punjab India

This paper reports concerning the microcontroller validation of a self-governing jerk oscillator with quadratic nonlinearities (AJOQN) and operation investigations based on chaos control and difference synchronization. AJOQN displays self-excited chaotic attractors with different shapes. The total amplitude control of AJOQN is achieved by tuning one of its parameters. The dynamical characteristics reported in AJOQN are vindicated via the microcontrollerprobing. A single controller is delineated to quash the complex characteristics of AJOQN. The validity of the designed single controller is confirmed by the numerical simulations. In the bargain, controllers are formulated to establish difference synchronization in the triple similar coupled chaotic AJOQNs advancing from different incipient states. In closing, simulations numerically of the triple alike coupled chaotic AJOQNs manifest the efficacy of difference synchronization.

关键词： Autonomous jerk system Self-excited chaotic attractors Total amplitude control microcontroller implementation Controls of chaotic attractors Difference synchronization

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implementation of Lightweight Ciphers and Their Integration into Entity Authentication with IEEE 802.11 Physical Layer Transmission 14th

Implementation of Lightweight Ciphers and Their Integration ...

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14th International Symposium on Foundations and Practice of Security (FPS)

作者： Yi, Yunjie Mandal, Kalikinkar Gong, Guang Univ Waterloo Dept Elect & Comp Engn Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Univ New Brunswick Fac Comp Sci Fredericton NB Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9783031081477;9783031081460

This paper investigates the performance of three lightweight authenticated ciphers namely ACE, SPIX and WAGE in the WiFi and CoAP handshaking authentication protocols. We implement the WiFi and CoAP handshake protocols and the IEEE802.11a physical layer communication protocol in software defined radio (SDR) and embed these two handshaking protocols into the IEEE802.11a OFDM communication protocol to measure the performance of three ciphers. We present the construction of KDF and MIC used in the handshaking authentication protocols and provide optimized implementations of ACE, SPIX and WAGE including KDF and MIC on three different (low-power) microcontrollers. The performance results of these three ciphers when adopted in WiFi and CoAP protocols are presented. Our experimental results show that the cryptographic functionalities are the bottleneck in the handshaking and data protection protocols.

关键词： Internet of Things (IoT) Security and privacy Lightweight cryptography microcontroller implementation Authentication protocol IEEE 802.11a OFDM transmission Software defined radio

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Shelf control in retail stores via ultra-low and low power microcontrollers

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JOURNAL OF REAL-TIME IMAGE PROCESSING 2022年第4期19卷 751-762页

作者： Yucel, M. Erkin Unsalan, Cem Migros AS Istanbul Turkey Marmara Univ Fac Engn Dept Elect & Elect Engn Istanbul Turkey

Smart retail stores started to take place in our lives. Several computer vision and sensor-based systems are working together to achieve such a complex and automated operation. Besides, the retail sector has several open and challenging problems which can be solved by embedded computer vision systems. One important problem to be tackled is shelf control or stock out detection. Here, shelves in a store should be controlled regularly such that no item is missing in the shelf. In this study, we propose an embedded computer vision system to solve this problem. To do so, we frame the shelf control operation as change detection. Due to the constraints posed by the retail sector, we formed the system by an ultra-low or low power microcontroller with an embedded camera attached to it. We provided all the implementation details of the system both from software and hardware perspectives. We also tested the proposed shelf control system from different perspectives. Hence, the reader can form such a system for retail sector or for a broad class of change detection problems in which stand-alone embedded system usage is mandatory.

关键词： Shelf control Retail sector Change detection microcontroller implementation

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Hamiltonian energy and coexistence of hidden firing patterns from bidirectional coupling between two different neurons

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COGNITIVE NEURODYNAMICS 2022年第4期16卷 899-916页

作者： Njitacke, Zeric Tabekoueng Koumetio, Bernard Nzoko Ramakrishnan, Balamurali Leutcho, Gervais Dolvis Fozin, Theophile Fonzin Tsafack, Nestor Rajagopal, Kartikeyan Kengne, Jacques Univ Buea Coll Technol COT Dept Elect & Elect Engn POB 63 Buea Cameroon Univ Dschang Elect Engn Dept IUT FV Res Unit Automat & Appl Comp URAIA POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Lodz Univ Technol Dept Automat Biomech & Mechatron Lodz Poland Univ Dschang Fac Sci Elect & Signal Proc UR MACETS Dept Phys Res Unit Condensed Matter POB 67 Dschang Cameroon Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Nonlinear Syst Chennai Tamil Nadu India Ecole Technol Super ETS Dept Elect Engn Montreal PQ H3C 1K3 Canada Univ Buea Fac Engn & Technol FET Dept Elect & Elect Engn POB 63 Buea Cameroon

In this paper, bidirectional-coupled neurons through an asymmetric electrical synapse are investigated. These coupled neurons involve 2D Hindmarsh-Rose (HR) and 2D FitzHugh-Nagumo (FN) neurons. The equilibria of the coupled neurons model are investigated, and their stabilities have revealed that, for some values of the electrical synaptic weight, the model under consideration can display either self-excited or hidden firing patterns. In addition, the hidden coexistence of chaotic bursting with periodic spiking, chaotic spiking with period spiking, chaotic bursting with a resting pattern, and the coexistence of chaotic spiking with a resting pattern are also found for some sets of electrical synaptic coupling. For all the investigated phenomena, the Hamiltonian energy of the model is computed. It enables the estimation of the amount of energy released during the transition between the various electrical activities. Pspice simulations are carried out based on the analog circuit of the coupled neurons to support our numerical results. Finally, an STM32F407ZE microcontroller development board is exploited for the digital implementation of the proposed coupled neurons model.

关键词： Hindmarsh-Rose neuron FitzHugh-Nagumo neuron Asymmetric electrical synapse Hamilton energy Coexistence of hidden firing patterns Pspice microcontroller implementation

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Passivity based sliding mode control and synchronization of a perturbed uncertain unified chaotic system

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MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTERS IN SIMULATION 2021年 181卷 150-169页

作者： Takhi, Hocine Kemih, Karim Moysis, Lazaros Volos, Christos Jijel Univ Elect Dept L2EI Lab Jijel Algeria Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki Phys Dept Lab Nonlinear Syst Circuits & Complex Thessaloniki Greece

The problem of passivity-based sliding mode control is considered, for the unified chaotic system having uncertainties and perturbations. Using a combination between sliding mode method and the passivity method, an appropriate switching surface for the uncertain and perturbed system is designed, and then through passivity theory, the stability of the system is ensured. The proposed design is applied in two control problems, the first one being the stabilization of the uncertain perturbed unified chaotic system and the second one is the synchronization between two unified chaotic systems, where only the slave system contains uncertainties and perturbations. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methods are illustrated through numerical simulations, and also through a microcontroller implementation. (C) 2020 International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (IMACS). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Synchronization Passivity control Sliding mode control Uncertainties Perturbations Disturbances Unified chaotic system microcontroller implementation

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Pseudo random number generator based on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers under current modulation embedded in microcontroller

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PHYSICA SCRIPTA 2023年第7期98卷 075218-075218页

作者： Balaraman, Sundarambal Kuate, Paul Didier Kamdem Abba, Oumate Alhadji Rajagopal, Karthikeyan Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Artificial Intelligence Chennai 600069 Tamil Nadu India Univ Dschang Dept Phys Lab Condensed Matter Elect & Signal Proc POB 067 Dschang Cameroon Univ Maroua Fac Sci Dept Phys POB 814 Maroua Cameroon Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Nonlinear Syst Chennai 600069 Tamil Nadu India Chandigarh Univ Univ Ctr Res & Dev Dept Elect & Commun Engn Mohali 140413 Punjab India

This paper explores the dynamics, microcontroller validation of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) under current modulation (CM) and employs it to model a process of pseudo-random number generator (PRNG). Solitary VCSEL has three equilibrium points whose stabilities depend on the direct current density. VCSEL under CM (VCSELCM) experiences antimonotonicity, chaotic bubble attractor as well as chaotic attractor. A microcontroller implementation of VCSELCM is used to establish the dynamical behaviors spotted in VCSELCM during the numerical simulations. Lastly, the chaotic characteristics depicted by the VCSELCM are used to design a process of PRNG. The generated random bits are validated successfully by a standard statistical tool set by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST-800-22).

关键词： current modulation chaotic bubble attractor vertical cavity surface-emitting laser chaotic attractor antimonotonicity microcontroller implementation pseudo random number generator

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