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Dynamical behavior analysis of the Van der Pol oscillator with sine nonlinearity subjected to non-sinusoidal periodic excitations by the bifurcation structures

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PHYSICA SCRIPTA 2023年第8期98卷 085014-085014页

作者： Fonkou, R. F. Kengne, Romanic Kamgang, H. C. Fotsing Talla, P. K. Inst Univ Cote Lab Phys & Sci ingenieur S-C BP 3001 Douala Cameroon Univ Dschang Res Unit Condensed Matter Elect & Signal Proc POB 67 Dschang Cameroon Univ Dschang UFR DSST UR Mecan & Modelisat Syst Physiques UR 2MSP BP 67 Dschang Cameroon

The present work studies the dynamical behavior of the Van der Pol oscillator with sine nonlinearity subjected to the effects of non-sinusoidal excitations through the analysis of bifurcation structures. In this work, the classical Van der Pol oscillator is modified by replacing the linear term x with the nonlinear term sin(n) (x). The idea is to see the impact of the strength of this function on the appearance of chaotic dynamics for small and large values of the nonlinear dissipation term e. To do this, studies using numerical simulation and analogue simulation are proposed. Firstly, using nonlinear analysis tools, a similarity in the bifurcation sequences is observed despite a difference in the ranks at which the particular behaviours and bifurcation points are obtained. This study is confirmed by their respective maximum Lyapunov exponents. Secondly, a real implementation using microcontroller technology, motivated by the use of an artificial pacemaker, is carried out. For a more practical case, the excitation signal is generated by another microcontroller. The study shows a similarity with the results obtained numerically. Thirdly, in order to show that the model can be derived from mathematical modelling, an electronic simulation using OrCAD-Pspice software is also proposed. The results obtained are in qualitative agreement.

关键词： nonsinusoidal periodic excitations non-sinusoidal periodic excitations sin(n)(x) artificial pacemaker microcontroller implementation OrCAD-Pspice software

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Pseudorandom number generation derived from Josephson junction stimulated by Wien bridge oscillator embedded in the microcontroller

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PRAMANA-JOURNAL OF PHYSICS 2023年第1期98卷 3-3页

作者： Sriram, Balakrishnan Kuate, Paul Didier Kamdem Metsebo, Jules Ngongiah, Isidore Komofor Rajagopal, Karthikeyan Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Computat Modelling Chennai 600069 India Univ Dschang Dept Phys Lab Condensed Matter Elect & Signal Proc POB 067 Dschang Cameroon Univ Maroua Natl Adv Sch Engn Dept Hydraul & Water Management POB 46 Maroua Cameroon Univ Bamenda Fac Sci Dept Phys POB 39 Bamenda Cameroon Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Nonlinear Syst Chennai 600069 India Univ Ctr Res & Dev Chandigarh Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Mohali 140413 India

The derivation of pseudorandom number generation (PRNG) from the Josephson junction (JJ) stimulated by the Wien bridge oscillator (JJSWBO) and its microcontroller validation is given in this paper. Via the numerical investigations of the JJSWBO, the encyclopedic dynamical maps in different coordinate spaces constituting the system's parameters explicitly elaborate the global behaviour of the system presenting the greatest Lyapunov exponents (GLE). Chaotic behaviours were captured for GLE greater than zero and periodic behaviours for GLE less than zero. Further, bifurcation characteristics expose monostable and bistable periodic oscillations, bistable periodic doubling route to bistable chaos, interceptions of bistable regular behaviours and bistable chaotic presentations, coexisting attractors, monostable chaotic dynamics and intermittency phenomenon. The microcontroller validation (MCV) of the JJSWBO is presented to validate the numerical simulation results. From the chaotic equations describing JJSWBO, a PRNG with a linear feedback shift register (LFSR) as a post-processing unit is designed. The randomness of the generated binary data from the proposed JJSWBO-based PRNG is successfully tested by using the NIST 800-22 test suite. This result helps to confirm the suitability of the JJSWBO for encryption schemes and other chaos-based applications.

关键词： Wien bridge oscillator Josephson junction monostable chaotic attractor and multistability intermittency phenomenon microcontroller implementation pseudorandom generation 05.45.-a 05.45.Gg 05.45.Vx 05.45.Pq 05.40.-a

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Effects of bias current and control of multistability in 3D hopfield neural network

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HELIYON 2023年第2期9卷 e13034页

作者： Boya, Bertrand Frederick Boui A. Ramakrishnan, Balamurali Effa, Joseph Yves Kengne, Jacques Rajagopal, Karthikeyan Univ Dschang Unite Rech Automatique & Informat Appliquee UR AIA IUT FV Bandjoun POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Dschang Dept Phys Unite Rech Matiere Condensee Elect & TraitementDu Signal UR MACETS POB 67 Dschang Cameroon Univ Yaounde I Fac Sci Dept Phys Lab Energy Elect & Elect Syst POB 812 Yaounde Cameroon Univ Ngaoundere Dept Phys POB 454 Ngaoundere Cameroon Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Nonlinear Syst Malayambakkam India

This work studies the dynamics of a three dimensional Hopfield neural network focusing on the impact of bias terms. In the presence of bias terms, the models displays an odd symmetry and experiences typical behaviors including period doubling, spontaneous symmetry breaking, merging crisis, bursting oscillation, coexisting attractors and coexisting period-doubling reversals as well. Multistability control is investigated by employing the linear augmentation feedback strategy. We numerically prove that the multistable neural system can be adjusted to experience only a single attractor behavior when the coupling coefficient is gradually monitored. Experi-mental results from a microcontroller based realization of the underlined neural system are consistent with the theoretical analysis.

关键词： Hopfield neural networks Bias current Bursting oscillation Multistability control microcontroller implementation

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Biomedical Image Encryption with a Novel Memristive Chua Oscillator Embedded in a microcontroller

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BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS 2023年第3期53卷 56-56页

作者： Jeatsa Kitio, Gabin Djomo Fanda, Alain Kemlenack Feulefack, Idriss Rochinel Mboupda Pone, Justin Roger Kengne, Romanic Tiedeu, Alain Univ Dschang Fac Sci Dept Phys Res Unit Condensed Matter Elect Signal Proc RU MAC POB 67 Dschang Cameroon Univ Dschang Elect Engn Dept IUT FV Bandjoun Res Unit Automation & Appl Comp RU AIA POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Yaounde I Natl Adv Sch Engn Ingenierie Mathematique&Systemes Informat POB 8390 Yaounde Cameroon Univ Yaounde I Signal Image & Syst Lab POB 8390 Yaounde Cameroon

In this paper, a chaos-based encryption/decryption scheme using a novel memristive Chua oscillator to protect medical images is presented. The novel Chua oscillator is constructed by using the active voltage memristor in the nonlinear branch of the Chua oscillator. The chaotic dynamics behaviors are investigated using 1-D, 2-D bifurcation diagrams, time traces, basin of attractions, and largest Lyapunov exponent plot. The study reveals that the novel memristive Chua oscillator exhibits versatile transitions to chaos with interesting dynamics like multistability, spiking, and bursting oscillations just to name a few. These remarkable features are experimentally confirmed by a laboratory microcontroller-based setup. Thereafter, a chaos-based cryptography algorithm designed for biomedical images is built using pseudorandom number generated from the oscillator. The robustness and security tests undergone by the algorithm yielded high sensitivity on the encryption keys and resisted noise contamination as well as data loss. These results are encouraging and prove that the chaos-based cryptosystem built with the memristive Chua circuit-generated pseudorandom number is suitable for securing images in a healthcare system.

关键词： Memristive Chua oscillator microcontroller implementation Biomedical image encryption Diffusion Permutation Security analyses

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The effects of symmetry breaking on the dynamics of an inertial neural system with a non-monotonic activation function: Theoretical study, asymmetric multistability and experimental investigation

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PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS 2022年第0期602卷

作者： Boya, Bertrand Frederick Boui A. Ramakrishnan, Balamurali Effa, Joseph Yves Kengne, Jacques Rajagopal, Karthikeyan Univ Dschang Elect Engn Dept IUT Res Unit Automation & Appl Comp UR AIA Box 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Ngaoundere Dept Phys POB 454 Ngaoundere Cameroon Chennai Inst Technol Ctr Nonlinear Syst Chennai India

Multistability and symmetry breaking have been significantly investigated recently. In this paper, we study the effects of symmetry breaking on the behavior of a particular class of inertial neural systems with a non-monotonic activation function. By introducing a constant term in the nonlinearity of the model, we show that this system presents asymmetric type dynamics marked by the coexistence of chaotic bursting oscillations according to the different membranes of the neurons. We also report some interesting phenomena such as rising voltage peaks, the coexistence of several asymmetric attractors (six, five, four and three), the coexistence of asymmetric bubbles of bifurcation and transient chaos as well. We illustrate the influence of the symmetry breaking parameter by using 2D Lyapunov exponent, plotted for three different values of the symmetry control parameter. We prove that this model owns offset boosting and total amplitude control features. The experimental study is executed based on a microcontroller implementation and the results are in agreement with the numerical analysis. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inertial neural system Symmetry breaking Bursting oscillation Asymmetric multistability microcontroller implementation

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Four-scroll attractor on the dynamics of a novel Hopfield neural network based on bi-neurons without bias current

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HELIYON 2022年第10期8卷 e11046页

作者： Boya, Bertrand Frederick Boui A. Kengne, Jacques Kenmoe, Germaine Djuidje Yves, Joseph Univ Dschang Elect Engn Dept IUT FV Res Unit Automat & Appl Comp UR AIA POB 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Yaounde I Fac Sci Dept Phys Lab Mech Yaounde Cameroon Univ Ngaoundere Dept Phys POB 454 Ngaoundere Cameroon

The dynamics of a neural network under several factors (bias current and electromagnetic induction effect) are recently used to simulate activities of the brain under different excitation. In this paper, we introduce a novel Hopfield neural network (HNN) based on two neurons with a memristive synaptic weight connected between neuron one and two based of flux controlled memristor recently proposed by Hua M. et al., in 2022. Using analysis tools, we proved that this model can develop rich dynamical characteristics such as various number of equilibrium points when the parameters are varied, four-scroll attractors, transient chaos, multistability of more than three different attractors and intermittency chaos phenomenon are reported. Moreover, when increasing a synaptic weight, the model shows bursting oscillations phenomenon. To obtain the normal state of the brain, the control of multistability to a strange monostable state is carry out. Finally, microcontroller implementation of the model is considered to verify the numerical analysis.

关键词： Hopfield neural network Four-scroll attractor Multistability control Bursting oscillations microcontroller implementation

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Complex dynamics from heterogeneous coupling and electromagnetic effect on two neurons: Application in images encryption

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CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS 2021年第Part2期153卷

作者： Njitacke, Zeric Tabekoueng Tsafack, Nestor Ramakrishnan, Balamurali Rajagopal, Kartikeyan Kengne, Jacques Awrejcewicz, Jan Univ Buea Coll Technol COT Dept Elect & Elect Engn PO Box 63 Buea Cameroon Univ Dschang Elect Engn Dept IUT FV Res Unit Automat & Appl Comp URAIA PO Box 134 Bandjoun Cameroon Univ Dschang Fac Sci Dept Phys Res Unit Condensed Matter Elect & Signal Proc UR PO Box 67 Dschang Cameroon Ctr Nonlinear Syst Chennai Inst Technol Chennai Tamil Nadu India Lodz Univ Technol Dept Automat Biomechan & Mech Lodz Poland

This paper studies the effect of the electromagnetic flux on the dynamics of an introduced model of heterogeneous coupled neurons. Analytical investigation of the coupled neurons revealed that the obtained model is equilibrium free thus displays hidden firing activities. Based on the Helmholtz theorem, it is demonstrated that the coupled neurons possess a Hamilton energy, which enables to keep the electrical activity of the coupled neurons. Numerical simulations based on the fourth-order Runge-Kutta formula have enabled us to find a range of the electromagnetic induction strength where the model exhibits hysteretic dynamics. That hysteresis justifies the coexistence of two different firing activities for the same parameters captured. This latter behavior is further supported using bifurcation diagrams, the graph of the maximum Lyapunov exponent, phase portraits, time series, and attraction basins as arguments. Beside, the STM32F407ZE microcontroller development board is exploited for the digital implementation of the proposed model. The results of microcontroller implementation perfectly supported the results of the numerical simulation of bistability. Finally, a compressive sensing approach is used to compress and encrypt digital images based on the sequences of the above coupled-neurons model. The plain color image is decomposed into R, G, and B components. The DWT is applied to each component to obtain the corresponding sparse components. Confusion keys are obtained from the proposed coupled neurons to scramble each sparse component. The measurement matrixes obtained from the coupled neurons sequence are used to compress the confused sparse matrices corresponding to R, G, and B components. Each component is quantified, and a diffusion step is then applied to improve the randomness and consequently the information entropy. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Memristive Hindmarsh-Rose(mHR) neuron FitzHugh-Nagumo(FN) neuron Hamilton energy Coexistence of hidden firing patterns microcontroller implementation Compressive sensing Image encryption

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Control of A Grid Connected Converter During Weak Grid Conditions 7

Control of A Grid Connected Converter During Weak Grid Condi...

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7th IEEE International Symposium On Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG)

作者： Lorenzen, Soren Lund Nielsen, Alex Buus Bede, Lorand Aalborg Univ Dept Energy Technol Aalborg Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781467386173

The focus on renewable energy sources have been increasing since the late 80s in Denmark. Especially focus on wind power has been increasing, with implementation of big on- and offshore wind farms. However, when installing the wind farms, these are often placed distant from the utility grid, like the case for offshore wind turbines. This can cause the wind farm grid networks to be weak. A weak network is an extra challenge to inject energy into, since it might exceed grid codes and grid standard values, if not compensated for. To ensure quality of the energy injected to the network, a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) is used. Using these VSCs the quality of the injected energy can be according to the standards requirements. This paper shows the effects of different weak grid conditions on the control system of the inverter, which includes lowered bandwidth and higher response time. Furthermore the controller has been designed to be stable for different Short Circuit Ratio (SCR) values. The designed controller and filter has shown to be operating under various weak grid conditions by simulations and for a 5kW laboratory setup.

关键词： Grid Connected Converter Weak Grid Applications SVPWM Three Phase Two Level Inverter Control microcontroller implementation

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Novel Approach to Protect Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm implementation Against Differential Electromagnetic and Power Analysis

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY 2015年第2期10卷 256-265页

作者： Masoumi, Massoud Rezayati, Mohammad Hadi Islamshahr Azad Univ Tehran *** Iran

This paper describes a novel approach for implementation of the advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm, which provides a significantly improved strength against first-order differential electromagnetic and power analysis with a minimal additional overhead. Our method is based on randomization in composite field arithmetic, which entails a low implementation cost while does not alter the algorithm, does not reduce the working frequency, and keeps perfect compatibility with the published standard. The efficiency of the proposed technique was verified by practical results obtained from real implementation on an AT89C51AC2 microcontroller. Another contribution of this paper is that it describes experimental setup and the measurement probe, i.e., the critical piece of equipment for performing electromagnetic analysis attacks. Most of the probes that are used for electromagnetic attacks in the published papers are self-made and no detailed specification is available for them. The results of this paper can be served for protecting some microprocessor-based security tokens with limited resources such as smart cards.

关键词： Differential power analysis (DPA) differential electromagnetic analysis (DEMA) advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm countermeasure techniques microcontroller implementation

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A Low Cost microcontroller implementation of Neural Network Based Hurdle Avoidance Controller for a Car-Like Robot

A Low Cost Microcontroller Implementation of Neural Network ...

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2nd International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE)

作者： Farooq, Umar Amar, Muhammad Hasan, K. M. Akhtar, M. Khalil Asad, Muhammad Usman Iqbal, Asim Univ Punjab Dept Elect Engn Lahore 54590 Pakistan UET Dept Elect Engn Lahore 54890 Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424455690

This paper describes the implementation of a neural network based hurdle avoidance controller for a car like robot using a low cost single chip 89C52 microcontroller. The neural network is the multilayer feed-forward network with back propagation training algorithm. The network is trained offline with tangent-sigmoid as activation function for neurons and is implemented in real time with piecewise linear approximation of tangent-sigmoid function. Results have shown that up-to twenty neurons in hidden layer can be deployed with the proposed technique using a single 89C52 microcontroller. The vehicle is tested in various environments containing obstacles and is found to avoid obstacles in its path successfully.

关键词： neural network tangent sigmoid approximation car like robot hurdle avoidance microcontroller implementation

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