Auditing the energy consumption in urban rail is vital for energy consumption evaluation and system parameter design. There are multiple ways to audit energy consumption, but a universal and global approach is missing...
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Auditing the energy consumption in urban rail is vital for energy consumption evaluation and system parameter design. There are multiple ways to audit energy consumption, but a universal and global approach is missing. The system-level traction energy consumption (STEC) is proposed. Compared to the main substation energy consumption (MSEC), STEC is more accurate by eliminating the influence of step-down loads based on field test studies. An optimization parameter designing model is built, which takes the system cost as the optimal object considering the life span of energy feedback system (EFS)s. The modified salp swarm algorithm (MSSA) is proposed as the optimization algorithm. The numerical tests show that MSSA has better converge performance than salpswarmalgorithm (SSA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO). The impact factors of STEC are analyzed. Compared with SSA and PSO, the initial value of the MSSA is improved and it evolves faster. Compared with the case that does not take the no-load voltage of rectifiers and start voltage of EFSs as optimal parameters, the composite cost of the case that takes the above mentioned parameters as optimal parameters is 3.49% less. Compared to the system without EFSs, the optimal system with EFSs can save costs by 29.47%.
For the parameter estimation problem in research related to the fractional-order chaotic systems (FOCSs), a modified optimization algorithm based on salpswarmalgorithm (SSA) was developed in this paper. The proposed...
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For the parameter estimation problem in research related to the fractional-order chaotic systems (FOCSs), a modified optimization algorithm based on salpswarmalgorithm (SSA) was developed in this paper. The proposed algorithm introduced several improvements on SSA: adding a grouping step, introducing "betrayal " behavior, and improving the update method of the followers. We applied multiple classical optimization algorithms to conduct the parameter estimation experiments on the fractional-order Lorenz chaotic system (Lorenz-FOCS) and the fractional-order Financial chaotic system (Financial-FOCS). In addition, we explored the impact of searching space on parameters estimation through experiments. The experimental results confirmed the feasibility of the modified salp swarm algorithm (MSSA). The MSSA performed better than the SSA and other classical optimization algorithms in terms of the estimation accuracy and convergence rate.
With the rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology, PV generation system has been applied into planes, cars, boats and trains. Solar irradiation levels will change rapidly in these PV systems....
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With the rapid development of photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology, PV generation system has been applied into planes, cars, boats and trains. Solar irradiation levels will change rapidly in these PV systems. Fast-varying solar irradiation can invalidate the traditional configurations of PV system and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control strategy, which will reduce the energy conversion efficiency. In order to extract maximum power exploitation, this paper proposes a novel maximum power exploitation configuration combined with the proposed control scheme for grid-connected PV system under fast-varying solar irradiation levels. In the proposed configuration, each PV panel cascades a step-up boost converter, hence allowing independent control corresponding to the irradiation levels, which generates multiple-levels of dc-voltage and may be converted to ac via an active neutral point clamped (ANPC) inverter. Meanwhile, a modified salp swarm algorithm with dynamic w factor (DWSSA) based MPPT method is proposed for each boost converter units, which can effectively accelerate convergence velocity and stability of iteration to make the searching process rapidly adapting to different fast-varying solar irradiation levels. In order to express the dynamic variation of the PV system, the mathematical model of the proposed configuration is established. Moreover, the performance of the proposed DWSSA algorithm is investigated by the stability analysis based Lyapunov theory and convergence analysis on 23 benchmark functions and CEC 2005 benchmark functions. Finally, the constructed simulation test platform is implemented and the results demonstrate that the configuration can exploit the variable converter ratios, and the proposed DWSSA method has faster tracking speed and higher energy extraction efficiency compared with the previous MPPT methods in most cases, especially, the power extraction percentage of 97.89% and the tracking time of 0.761s under the most seve
Contemporarily,the development of distributed generations(DGs)technologies is fetching more,and their deployment in power systems is becom-ing broad and ***,several glitches are found in the recent studies due to the ...
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Contemporarily,the development of distributed generations(DGs)technologies is fetching more,and their deployment in power systems is becom-ing broad and ***,several glitches are found in the recent studies due to the inappropriate/inadequate *** work aims to improve the reliable operation of the power system employing reliability indices using a metaheuristic-based algorithm before and after DGs penetration with feeder *** assessment procedure is carried out using MATLAB software and Mod-ified salpswarmalgorithm(MSSA)that helps assess the Reliability indices of the proposed integrated IEEE RTS79 system for seven different *** algorithm modifies two control parameters of the actual SSA algorithm and offers a perfect balance between the exploration and ***,the effectiveness of the proposed schemes is assessed using various reliability ***,the available capacity of the extended system is computed for the best configuration of the considered *** results confirm the level of reli-able operation of the extended DGs along with the standard RTS ***-fically,the overall reliability of the system displays superior performance when the tie lines 1 and 2 of the DG connected with buses 9 and 10,*** reliability indices of this case namely SAIFI,SAIDI,CAIDI,ASAI,AUSI,EUE,and AEUE shows enhancement about 12.5%,4.32%,7.28%,1.09%,4.53%,12.00%,and 0.19%,***,a probability of available capacity at the low voltage bus side is accomplished a good scale about 212.07 times/year.
Efficient and stable operation is critical for the large-scale commercialization of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell power system. The effective control and optimization of the operating conditions, such as oxyg...
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Efficient and stable operation is critical for the large-scale commercialization of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell power system. The effective control and optimization of the operating conditions, such as oxygen excess ratio and cathode pressure of the air supply system, is a solution to improve the overall system efficiency. This work proposes a novel layered control method to achieve rapid and stable control of the operating conditions. The control structure in this paper consists of the optimization and control layers. A two-dimensional objective optimization function for the optimization layer is established to characterize the system efficiency based on theoretical analysis and experimental testing on the fuel cell power generation process and air supply system power consumption pattern. Then, a modified salp swarm algorithm with adaptive inertia weight is proposed to quickly and accurately obtain the optimal operating conditions for the maximum efficiency under different load current densities. Meanwhile, the local optimal solutions are avoided by introducing mutation operations. For the control layer, a third-order state space equation is developed to accurately describe the operating characteristics of the air supply system according to its operating principles. A feedback linearization-based sliding mode controller is designed to achieve rapid and stable control of the optimal working conditions outputted from the optimization layer. Finally, the fuel cell system was tested in the lab and verified on the fuel cell city buses. The results show that the system's operating efficiency is improved by 0.6 %-2.6 % at different current densities, and the hydrogen consumption of all three city buses is reduced by more than 5 %. The optimization effect was enhanced significantly. Therefore, the layered control method is effective in solving the optimization and control problems of the fuel cell power system.
Renewable energy technologies have left an indelible impression on the global electrical market by supplying customers with uninterrupted electricity. Utilizing renewable energy sources to satisfy the load requirement...
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Renewable energy technologies have left an indelible impression on the global electrical market by supplying customers with uninterrupted electricity. Utilizing renewable energy sources to satisfy the load requirements of electric vehicle charging stations is one of the most significant areas of study in developing nations. This research investigates the technical and financial viability of grid and renewable-powered energy systems for an envi-ronmentally sustainable electric vehicle charging station in three distinct regions across India. The presented setup is subjected to an economic analysis for satisfying the charging requirement of the electric vehicle load. The system is designed in such a way that the power exchange takes place between the grid network and different components of the energy system. The assigned places are selected so that wind and solar prospects are contrary in these areas. The charging hours of electric vehicles are different in the specific sites. The optimal sizing of the system component is performed to minimize the levelized cost of electricity and total net present cost while keeping the probability of power supply failure within acceptable limits using a novel metaheuristic-based optimization algorithm i.e., modified salp swarm algorithm. The achievement of the designed system demon-strates that New Delhi has a lower total net present cost of $ 14853.63 and levelized cost of electricity of 0.0051 $/kWh. The optimum number of solar panels and wind turbines needed to meet the EV load demand in the New Delhi region is 120 with 325 W rated capacity and 310 with 650 W rated capacity. The optimal solution for the hybrid system consists of 64.5% wind energy, 33.5% solar energy and 1.94% grid purchase with annual elec-tricity production is 5,91,117 kWh. Similarly, the optimum values of the total net present cost and levelized cost of electricity for the city of Ahmedabad are 222762.80 $ and 0.023 kWh, respectively. The total net present cost
The simultaneous investigation of false data injection cyber-attack (FDICA) and demand response (DR) participation in smart power systems are dealt with in this paper. For this purpose, simultaneous and separate detec...
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The simultaneous investigation of false data injection cyber-attack (FDICA) and demand response (DR) participation in smart power systems are dealt with in this paper. For this purpose, simultaneous and separate detection of FDICA and determination of the changes in the power consumption for participation in DR (P-DR) are necessary. To balance between generation and consumption, P-DR must be equal to the load disturbances (LDs). Active-disturbance rejection control (ADRC) with the extended state observer (ESO) is implemented to detect FDICA and LDs. But, ESO only detects the sum of FDICA and LDs without the ability to separate them. Therefore, a nonlinear sliding mode observer (NSMO) is implemented to detach FDICA from LDs. In order to improve the NSMO estimation accuracy, the modified salp swarm algorithm (SSA) is implemented to design NSMO parameters. Moreover, to achieve better performance of ADRC, a fuzzy tuner is applied to the online tuning of controller parameters. The proposed optimized fuzzy sliding-based modified active-disturbance rejection control (FSADRC) is tested for load frequency control of the IEEE 9 bus standard test system and the 10 machines New England test power system considering communications time delay. The results of several simulation scenarios indicate the efficient performance of the proposed method.
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