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motion vector coding and Block Merging in the Versatile Video coding Standard

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2021年第10期31卷 3848-3861页

作者： Chien, Wei-Jung Zhang, Li Winken, Martin Li, Xiang Liao, Ru-Ling Gao, Han Hsu, Chih-Wei Liu, Hongbin Chen, Chun-Chi Qualcomm Inc San Diego CA 92122 USA Bytedance Inc San Diego CA 92122 USA Fraunhofer HHI D-10587 Berlin Germany Tencent Palo Alto CA 94306 USA Alibaba XG Lab Beijing 100102 Peoples R China Huawei Technol Chair Media Technol TUM D-80992 Munich Germany Huawei Technol Audiovisual Technol Lab D-80992 Munich Germany MediaTek Inc Hsinchu 30078 Taiwan Bytedance Inc Beijing 100190 Peoples R China

This paper overviews the motion vector coding and block merging techniques in the Versatile Video coding (VVC) standard developed by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET). In general, inter-prediction techniques in VVC can be classified into two major groups: "whole block-based inter prediction" and "subblock-based inter prediction". In this paper, we focus on techniques for whole block-based inter prediction. As in its predecessor, High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC), whole block-based inter prediction in VVC is represented by adaptive motion vector prediction (AMVP) mode or merge mode. Newly introduced features purely for AMVP mode include symmetric motion vector difference and adaptive motion vector resolution. The features purely for merge mode include pairwise average merge, merge with motion vector difference, combined inter-intra prediction and geometric partitioning mode. coding tools such as history-based motion vector prediction and bidirectional prediction with coding unit weights can be applied on both AMVP mode and merge mode. This paper discusses the design principles and the implementation of the new inter-prediction methods. Using objective metrics, simulation results show that the methods overviewed in the paper can jointly achieve 6.2% and 4.7% BD-rate savings on average with the random access and low-delay configurations, respectively. Significant subjective picture quality improvements of some tools are also reported when comparing the resulting pictures at same bitrates.

关键词： Encoding Tools Standards Merging Indexes High efficiency video coding Redundancy Block merging HEVC motion compensation motion vector coding versatile video coding (VVC)

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motion vector coding in the HEVC Standard

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IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSING 2013年第6期7卷 957-968页

作者： Lin, Jian-Liang Chen, Yi-Wen Huang, Yu-Wen Lei, Shaw-Min MediaTek Hsinchu 30078 Taiwan MediaTek Multimedia Technol Div Hsinchu 30078 Taiwan

High Efficiency Video coding (HEVC) is an emerging international video coding standard developed by the Joint Collaborative Team on Video coding (JCT-VC). Compared to H.264/AVC, HEVC has achieved substantial compression performance improvement. During the HEVC standardization, we proposed several motion vector coding techniques, which were crosschecked by other experts and then adopted into the standard. In this paper, an overview of the motion vector coding techniques in HEVC is firstly provided. Next, the proposed motion vector coding techniques including a priority-based derivation algorithm for spatial motion candidates, a priority-based derivation algorithm for temporal motion candidates, a surrounding-based candidate list, and a parallel derivation of the candidate list, are also presented. Based on HEVC test model 9 (HM9), experimental results show that the combination of the proposed techniques achieves on average 3.1% bit-rate saving under the common test conditions used for HEVC development.

关键词： AMVP HEVC JCT-VC merge motion vector coding motion vector prediction video standard

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motion vector coding Based on Optimal Predictor Selection

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10th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia

作者： Dai, Jingjing An, Oscat C. Pang, Chao Yang, Wen Zou, Feng Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn Hong Kong Hong Kong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642104664

hi most of video coding standards based on predictive coding technique, motion vector information occupies a considerable portion of the whole compressed bitstream Therefore, the efficient coding of motion vectors has become an essential objective to further reduce the bitrate In this paper. a novel motion vector coding method based on optimal motion vector\ predictor (MVP) selection is proposed rust, the predictor candidate set is adaptively determined based on the characteristics of neighboring motion vectors. and then the optimal predictor is chosen from tins set to minimize the number of bits used for encoding motion vector difference (MVD) After that in older to save those extra bits for informing the decoder which predictor is selected by the encoder;the extra needed bits are similar assigned by considering the fact that the MVD transmitted Is obtained on the basis of minimum bitrate prediction Simulation results show that compared to the original El 264/AVC codec, the proposed motion vector coding scheme achieves an average bitrate reduction of 5 02%. with an equivalent or even better PSNR quality

关键词： Video coding H 264/Avc motion vector prediction motion vector coding

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motion vector coding using Decoder-side Estimation of motion vector

Motion Vector Coding using Decoder-side Estimation of Motion...

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IEEE International Symposium on Broadband Multimedia Systems and Broadcasting

作者： Won, Kwanghyun Yang, Jungyoup Jeon, Byeungwoo Sungkyunkwan Univ Sch Informat & Comp Engn Suwon 440746 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781424425907

The H.264/AVC standard employs the predictive motion vector coding technique using the median predictor of spatially neighboring three motion vectors. Although the median is effective in reducing redundancy, it is not always optimal in minimizing bits. To solve the matter, a new motion vector coding scheme, known as, MV competition in which decoder is signaled on the selected optimal PMV, has been reported. Though it can use the optimal PMV(Predicted motion vector), the bits consumed to indicating the optimal PMV to the decoder increases bit-rate. In this paper, we propose a new motion vector coding scheme that allows usage of an optimal PMV without consuming additional bits to inform the choice of PMV to decoder. Simulation results show that the proposed method gains in BDBR by 3.22% on average, and in BDPSNR by 0.13dB compared to the H.264/AVC.

关键词： motion vector coding predictive coding predicted motion vector template matching

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An Efficient motion vector coding Scheme Based on Prioritized Reference Decision

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONICS COMMUNICATIONS AND COMPUTER SCIENCES 2009年第8期E92A卷 1978-1985页

作者： Zhou, Dajiang Zhou, Jinjia Goto, Satoshi Waseda Univ Grad Sch Informat Prod & Syst Kitakyushu Fukuoka 8080135 Japan

In the latest video coding frameworks, efficiency of motion vector (MV) coding is becoming increasingly important because of the growing bit rate portion of motion information. However, neither the conventional median predictor, nor the newer schemes such as the minimum bit rate prediction scheme and the hybrid scheme, can effectively eliminate the local redundancy of motion vectors. In this paper, we present the prioritized reference decision scheme for efficient motion vector coding, based on the H.264/AVC framework. This scheme makes use of a boolean indicator to specify whether the median predictor is to be used for the current MV or not. If not, the median prediction is considered not suitable for the current MV, and this information is used for refining the possible space of a group of reference MVs including 4 neighboring MVs and the zero MV. This group of MVs is organized to be a prioritized list so that the reference MV with highest priority is to be selected as the prediction value. Furthermore, the boolean indicators are coded into the modified code words of nib-type and sub_mb_type, so as to reduce the overhead. By applying the proposed scheme, the structure and the applicability problems with the state-of-the-art MBP scheme have been overcome. Experimental result shows that the proposed scheme achieves a considerable reduction of bits for MVDs. compared with the conventional median prediction algorithm. It also achieves a better and much stabler performance than MBP-based MV coding.

关键词： video coding motion vector coding motion vector difference median prediction prioritized reference decision

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Advanced motion vector coding framework for multiview video sequences

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MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2013年第1期67卷 49-70页

作者： Ryu, Seungchul Seo, Jungdong Lee, Jin Young Sohn, Kwanghoon Yonsei Univ Dept Elect & Elect Engn DIML Seoul 120749 South Korea Samsung Elect Co Ltd Samsung Adv Inst Technol Yongin 449712 Gyeonggi Do South Korea

The inconsistency between the temporal motion vector and the disparity vector fields causes a drastic loss in coding performance during multiview video coding. In order to resolve this inconsistency problem, we investigate a new approach for motion vector coding. In this paper, degradation in accuracy using a conventional method is experimentally analyzed using mathematical tools. Then, we introduce a new framework for motion vector coding, including modified Inter-mode and Adaptive Direct-mode, in which an advanced motion vector prediction method is employed. The main idea of the proposed motion vector prediction method is to separate each motion vector field from the others. For this purpose, we introduce three alternative motion vectors;a virtual disparity vector, a virtual temporal motion vector and a scaled motion vector. The experimental results show that the proposed method can resolve the inconsistency problem and consequently improve the overall rate-distortion performance. The average bit-rate savings is about 7.3% compared to JMVC 6.0. At maximum, the gain obtained is about 20%, corresponding to a PSNR of 1.42 dB.

关键词： motion vector coding 3D video coding Multiview video coding Virtual motion vector

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Bi-directional motion vector coding using Universal VLC

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SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION 1999年第6-8期14卷 541-557页

作者： Itoh, Y Texas Instruments Tsukuba R&D Ctr Ltd Ibaraki Osaka 3050841 Japan

In this paper an error resilient motion vector coding which employs two-way decodable Universal VLC is presented. With this scheme, a part of a bitstream which cannot be decoded in the forward direction due to errors can be recovered by backward decoding. Based on the observation that motion compensated signals are visually more important than residual signals, motion vectors are better protected so that they can be recovered even in the presence of errors. Besides being bi-directionally decodable, Universal VLC has been designed to allow easy encoding and decoding. It has been shown through simulations that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional method (i.e, non-bi-directional) in terms of PSNR under various error conditions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： MPEG-LC error resilient video coding reversible VLC motion vector coding

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motion vector coding by using representation of norm and angle components

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART III-FUNDAMENTAL ELECTRONIC SCIENCE 2006年第10期89卷 54-62页

作者： Shimizu, A Sagata, A Kamikura, K Kobayashi, N NTT E Business Commun Headquarters Tokyo 1120004 Japan NTT Corp NTT Cyber Space Labs Yokosuka Kanagawa 2390847 Japan

Since many video coding methods use prediction between motion-compensated frames, the motion vector must be transmitted. A large amount of code is generated for DCT coefficients for the motion vector. Therefore, prediction is performed from the motion vectors of neighboring blocks and variable-length coding of the horizontal and vertical components of the prediction error vector is performed to reduce the amount of generated code. However, since this method handles the horizontal and vertical components as independent components, appropriate code assignment for coding the prediction error vector may not he possible. In this paper, the authors propose a method of coding by using norm and angle components to represent the prediction error vector and compare its coding efficiency with the conventional method to show its effectiveness. (C) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： motion vector coding orthogonal coordinate system polar coordinate system low-bit-rate coding

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A Novel Depth motion vector coding Exploiting Spatial and Inter-component Clustering Tendency

A Novel Depth Motion Vector Coding Exploiting Spatial and In...

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IEEE Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP) Conference

作者： Shahriyar, Shampa Murshed, Manzur Ali, Mortuza Paul, Manoranjan Monash Univ Fac Informat Technol Clayton Vic Australia Federat Univ Australia Fac Sci & Technol Ballarat Vic Australia Charles Sturt Univ Sch Comp & Math Bathurst NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467373142

motion vectors of depth-maps in multiview and free-viewpoint videos exhibit strong spatial as well as inter-component clustering tendency. This paper presents a novel coding technique that first compresses the multidimensional bitmaps of macroblock mode and then encodes only the nonzero components of motion vectors. The bitmaps are partitioned into disjoint cuboids using binary tree based decomposition so that the 0's and 1's are either highly polarized or further subpartitioning is unlikely to achieve any compression. Each cuboid is entropy-coded as a unit using binary arithmetic coding. This technique is capable of exploiting the spatial and inter-component correlations efficiently without the restriction of scanning the bitmap in any specific linear order as needed by run-length coding. As encoding of non-zero component values no longer requires denoting the zero value, further compression efficiency is achieved. Experimental results on standard multiview test video sequences have comprehensively demonstrated the superiority of the proposed technique, achieving overall coding gain against the state-of-the-art in the range [22%, 54%] and on average 38%.

关键词： Binary Tree Based Decomposition Cuboid coding Depth coding motion vector coding Multiview Binary trees Correlation Data compression Encoding Videos

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A motion vector coding Scheme Based on Bottom-up Merging Procedure

A Motion Vector Coding Scheme Based on Bottom-up Merging Pro...

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1st International Conference on Advances in Multimedia

作者： Tseng, Shou-Yi Mak, Che-How Soochow Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Management Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424444717

This paper presents a riew motion vector coding scheme based on bottom-up merging procedure. For low motion video sequences, most of the storage space of the motion vector data spending on the low motion objects or stills back ground. The proposed scheme merges the neighboring macroblocks with similar motion vectors in to bigger rectangular blocks, and those merged blocks may represent as all ora part of the objects and the background. For the merged blocks, each block will need only one motion vector to reconstruct it. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can reduce about 50% motion vector coding bits as compared to the conventional way of storing motion vectors for each macroblock.

关键词： Data compression motion compensation motion vector coding variable block-size motion compensation video coding

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