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multielectrode array analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer's disease versus mild cognitive impairment: A potential diagnostic and treatment biomarker

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BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2013年第2期434卷 293-297页

作者： Goertz, Philipp Siebler, Mario Ihl, Ralf Henning, Uwe Luckhaus, Christian Supprian, Tillmann Lange-Asschenfeldt, Christian Univ Dusseldorf Fac Med Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy D-40225 Dusseldorf Germany MediClin Rhein Ruhr Dept Neurol Essen Germany Univ Dusseldorf Dept Neurol Fac Med Dusseldorf Germany Alexianer Krefeld GmbH Alexian Res Ctr Krefeld Krefeld Germany

Pathological cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alterations like changes in amyloid-beta(1-42) and tau protein concentration are typical in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it remains unclear, if the composition of known or unknown pathological factors in native CSF has a functional significance in AD. In this pilot study, we used multielectrode array (MEA) neurochips to determine whether CSF of individuals with AD (AD-CSF) may have distinct neurofunctional properties that may distinguish it from that of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) - a differential diagnosis of high clinical importance. MEAs are neuronal cultures coupled to a multisite electrical recording system with the ability to reflect pharmacological or toxicological alterations on the functional level of whole neuronal networks. Collective rhythmical electrical activity was substantially enhanced after exposure to CSF of cognitively healthy subjects (controls) and of MCI individuals (MCI-CSF) alike. However, this activity increment was significantly reduced when MEAs were exposed to AD-CSF compared to MCI-CSF. Moreover, following AD-CSF exposure, networks showed significantly enhanced burst durations and less synchronous bursting, respectively. Thus, AD-CSF and MCI-CSF could be distinguished by characteristic changes of the network firing pattern on MEAs. When data of MCI individuals and AD patients were pooled, the network suppression correlated significantly with the degree of cognitive decline. The findings of this pilot study may set the stage for a unique and straightforward diagnostic bioassay of AD with particular value in the differential diagnosis to MCI and as a much needed biomarker for clinical trials. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Mild cognitive impairment Cerebrospinal fluid Neuronal network activity multielectrode array

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Corrosion Study of Carbon Steel in Biodiesel and Water Mixture Using multielectrode array

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CORROSION 2012年第9期68卷 827-834页

作者： Gui, F. James, J. Sridhar, N. USA DNV Dublin OH 43017 USA

The demand for biodiesel and biodiesel blends as a fuel source has increased exponentially in the last decade. Water is the most significant contaminant in biodiesel-handling facilities (pipeline, storage tanks on the land, and fuel storage tanks on ships). Corrosion performance of materials in these facilities in biodiesel needs to be understood well to ascertain the facility integrity. The highly resistive nature of biodiesel imposes a great challenge in using the conventional electrochemical techniques for corrosion evaluation, even in the presence of water. multielectrode array technique was demonstrated to be useful in evaluating the corrosion of steel in both the biodiesel phase and the water phase that is overlaid by the biodiesel phase. This work demonstrated that the corrosion rate in biodiesel phase is low. However, the biodiesel does influence the corrosion rate in the water phase when it is in contact. Appreciable corrosion was observed on the steel exposed to the water phase below a biodiesel layer, likely because of the diffusion of corrosive species (e.g., chloride) from the biodiesel phase into the water phase.

关键词： biodiesel carbon steel corrosion electrochemical multielectrode array

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Internal Current Effects on Localized Corrosion Rate Measurements Using Coupled multielectrode array Sensors

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CORROSION 2010年第11期66卷 D1-D1页

作者： Yang, L. Chiang, K. T. Shukla, P. K. Shiratori, N. SW Res Inst San Antonio TX 78238 USA JGC Corp Higashi Ibarakigun Ibaraki Japan

Coupled multielectrode array sensors (CMAS) have been used for real-time monitoring of corrosion, particularly localized corrosion. The internal anodic current on the most anodic electrode in a CMAS was evaluated for aluminum and carbon steel in simulated seawater and dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) solutions. The Tafel extrapolation method was used to estimate the internal current on the most anodic electrode and the average corrosion current for all electrodes. It was demonstrated that if a metal corrodes dominantly in the form of localized corrosion or uneven general corrosion, the CMAS effectively measures the localized or uneven general corrosion rate. However, if the metal corrodes dominantly in the form of uniform corrosion, the CMAS only measures the uneven portion of the corrosion current.

关键词： corrosion monitoring corrosion sensor coupled multielectrode localized corrosion sensor multielectrode array multielectrode sensor nonuniform corrosion

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Laminar responses in the auditory cortex using a multielectrode array substrate for simultaneous stimulation and recording

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IEEJ TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING 2019年第2期14卷 303-311页

作者： Takahashi, Sota Muramatsu, Shuto Nishikawa, Jun Satoh, Kazuo Murakami, Shuichi Tateno, Takashi Hokkaido Univ Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Kita Ku Kita 14Nishi 9 Sapporo Hokkaido 0600814 Japan Osaka Res Inst Ind Sci & Technol Izumi Ku 2-7-1 Ayumino Osaka 5941157 Japan

Here, we report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a multielectrode array (MEA) substrate for the use of simultaneous stimulation and recording in vivo. The fabricated substrate has two sharp shanks in which we arranged multiple electrode arrays with surface areas of 50 x 50 mu m(2) in one shank for stimulation (interelectrode interval, 150 mu m) and 15 x 15 mu m(2) in the other for recording (interelectrode interval, 100 mu m). Our impedance measurements show that the electrode values are in good agreement with specified values for silicon-based commercially available devices or slightly smaller-sized electrode devices. After electrode characterization, the MEAs were evaluated for simultaneous stimulation and acute neural recording in the mouse auditory cortex in vivo. Using MEA substrates, we recorded spatiotemporal local field potential profiles driven by short local electrical stimulation, particularly to layer 4 of the mouse auditory cortex. Our results demonstrate successful simultaneous stimulation and recordings using the devices in vivo. Indeed, the device may contribute to understanding similarities and differences in local network activity driven by sound stimulation and electric microstimulation in near future work. (c) 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

关键词： auditory cortex laminar profile local network microfabrication microstimulation multielectrode array

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Effectiveness of Products in Managing Metallic Corrosion Induced by Cyclic Deicer Exposure: Laboratory Study Using multielectrode array Sensors, Electrochemical Impedance, and Laser Profilometer

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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 2016年第5期28卷 1-11页

作者： Wu, Jianlin Yu, Hui Shi, Xianming Wuhan Polytech Univ Sch Civil Engn & Architecture Wuhan 430023 Hubei Peoples R China Wood Grp Mustang Inc 16001 Pk 10 Pl Houston TX 77084 USA Washington State Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Lab Adv & Sustainable Cementitious Mat Sloan 101POB 642910 Pullman WA 99164 USA

A total of 12 multielectrode array sensors were utilized to assess the individual effectiveness of two corrosion inhibitors and one coating under cyclic deicer exposure conditions. There were four sensor groups, and each group consisted of nine-pin probes that were fabricated from 1008 carbon steel, 304 stainless steel, and 1100 aluminum, respectively. A total of two environmental exposure tests were conducted, in which 2.3% NaCl and 3.0% MgCl2 solutions were used as salt, respectively. The two tests each included eight environmental cycles and with 24h per cycle. For all the exposed sensors, the most severe corrosion occurred at the beginning of the humidity stage. For sensors in the control group, MgCl2 exhibited a corrosion attack throughout the exposure period, whereas NaCl only exhibited an apparent corrosion attack during the humidity stage. Both the sensor corrosion rates and mass loss results indicate that the inhibitors had a much greater effect for MgCl2 than for NaCl. Although the coating showed significant benefits in protecting the metallic substrates, the cyclic exposure to MgCl2 led to greater coating deterioration than did NaCl. For validation, impedance measurements were conducted on carbon steel panels subjected to similar exposures, and three-dimensional laser profilometer scans were performed to characterize their surface morphology after the exposures.

关键词： Carbon steel Aluminum alloys Stainless steel Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) multielectrode array

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Electro-gene transfer to skin using a noninvasive multielectrode array

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JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE 2011年第3期151卷 256-262页

作者： Guo, Siqi Donate, Amy Basu, Gaurav Lundberg, Cathryn Heller, Loree Heller, Richard Old Dominion Univ Frank Reidy Res Ctr Bioelect Norfolk VA 23508 USA Univ S Florida Dept Mol Med Tampa FL 33612 USA

Because of its large surface area and easy access for both delivery and monitoring, the skin is an attractive target for gene therapy for cutaneous diseases, vaccinations and several metabolic disorders. The critical factors for DNA delivery to the skin by electroporation (EP) are effective expression levels and minimal or no tissue damage. Here, we evaluated the non-invasive multielectrode array (MEA) for gene electrotransfer. For these studies we utilized a guinea pig model, which has been shown to have a similar thickness and structure to human skin. Our results demonstrate significantly increased gene expression 2 to 3 logs above injection of plasmid DNA alone over 15 days. Furthermore, gene expression could be enhanced by increasing the size of the treatment area. Transgene-expressing cells were observed exclusively in the epidermal layer of the skin. In contrast to caliper or plate electrodes, skin EP with the MEA greatly reduced muscle twitching and resulted in minimal and completely recoverable skin damage. These results suggest that EP with MEA can be an efficient and non-invasive skin delivery method with less adverse side effects than other EP delivery systems and promising clinical applications. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroporation Gene delivery Guinea pig Skin multielectrode array

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Application of multielectrode array modified with carbon nanotubes to simultaneous amperometric determination of dihydroxybenzene isomers

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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL 2009年第1期136卷 113-121页

作者： Zhang, Dongdong Peng, Yage Qi, Honglan Gao, Qiang Zhang, Chengxiao Shaanxi Normal Univ Sch Chem & Mat Sci Key Lab Analyt Chem Life Sci Shaanxi Prov Xian 710062 Peoples R China

A novel multielectrode array modified with multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to simultaneous amperometric determination of dihydroxybenzene isomers was designed. The three oxidation peaks at the multielectrode array fabricated in 0.10 M KCl-0.20 M acetate buffer solution (pH 5.40) containing hydroquinone, catechol and resorcinol appeared at +0.192 V, +0.301 V and +0.683 V, corresponding to the oxidation of hydroquinone, catechol and resorcinol, respectively. A simple electrochemical method for simultaneous determination of dihydroxybenzene isomers was developed by multiple linear regression (MLR) method. Under the optimized conditions, the amperometric currents were linear over ranges from 1.0 x 10(-6) M to 1.0 x 10(-4) M for hydroquinone, from 1.0 X 10(-6) M to 1.0 X 10(-4) M for catechol and from 6.0 x 10-6 M to 1.0 x 10(-4) M for resorcinol, with the detection limits of 3.0 x 10(-7) M. 2.0 x 10(-7) M and 6.0 x 10(-7) M, respectively. The developed method has been applied to simultaneous determination of dihydroxybenzene isomers in artificial wastewater with a satisfactory recovery from 97% to 101%. This work demonstrates that the MWCNTs-modified multielectrode array incorporating multiple linear regression method is a promising strategy for simultaneous electrochemical determination of isomers of organic compounds. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： multielectrode array Electroanalysis Carbon nanotubes Simultaneous determination Dihydroxybenzene isomers

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A multielectrode array FOR COMBINED MICROIONTOPHORESIS AND MULTIPLE SINGLE-UNIT RECORDINGS

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JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS 1995年第2期56卷 125-131页

作者： HAIDARLIU, S SHULZ, D AHISSAR, E INST ALFRED FESSARD CNRSGIF SUR YVETTEFRANCE

A remotely controlled multi-electrode array, equipped with a combined electrode (CE) and 3 regular tungsten in-glass electrodes (TEs) is described. The CE enables ejection of different neuroactive substances from 6 barrels and recording of single-unit activity from the etched tungsten rod placed in the central glass capillary. The CE is prepared with standard tungsten rod, glass-capillaries, and regular micropipette pullers. Such CEs possess a good stiffness-flexibility balance, length, easy cell isolation, high stability of recordings, effective ejection properties, and ability to survive penetration of dura. The efficiency of a 4-electrode array, including the CE, was tested by recording the effects of extracellularly ejected drugs (glutamate, acetylcholine and atropine) on single neurons in the auditory cortex of anesthetized guinea pigs. Induced modifications of single-neuron firing patterns and evoked responses were in agreement with the known effects of individual and combined applications of these drugs. Using this multi-electrode array and spike sorting techniques, the pharmacological environment of up to 12 simultaneously recorded cells can be modulated, and its effect on single neurons and on their interactions can be monitored at distances of up to 900 mu m from the CE's tip.

关键词： multielectrode array COMBINED ELECTRODE MICROIONTOPHORESIS MULTIPLE SINGLE-UNIT RECORDING AUDITORY CORTEX NEUROMODULATOR SPIKE SORTING CROSS-CORRELATION

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Detection of marine neurotoxins in food safety testing using a multielectrode array

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MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH 2014年第12期58卷 2369-2378页

作者： Nicolas, Jonathan Hendriksen, Peter J. M. van Kleef, Regina G. D. M. de Groot, Aart Bovee, Toine F. H. Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M. Westerink, Remco H. S. Wageningen Univ Div Toxicol NL-6703 HE Wageningen Netherlands Inst Food Safety RIKILT Wageningen Netherlands Univ Utrecht Fac Vet Med Neurotoxicol Res Grp Div ToxicolIRAS Utrecht Netherlands

Scope: At the European level, detection of marine neurotoxins in seafood is still based on ethically debated and expensive in vivo rodent bioassays. The development of alternative methodologies for the detection of marine neurotoxins is therefore of utmost importance. We therefore investigated whether and to what extent a multielectrode array (MEA) approach can be used as an in vitro alternative for screening of marine neurotoxins potentially present in seafood. Methods: This MEA approach utilizes rat cortical neurons comprising a wide range of ion channels/pumps and neurotransmitter receptors targeted by marine neurotoxins. We tested the effects of neurotoxic model compounds, pure marine neurotoxins, and extracts from contaminated seafood on neuronal activity of rat cortical neurons cultured on commercial 48-well plates to increase throughput. Conclusion: We demonstrate that the MEA approach has a sensitivity of 88% (7/9 model compounds, 6/6 pure marine neurotoxins, and 2/2 marine neurotoxins present in seafood extracts were correctly identified) and a good reproducibility compared to existing in vitro alternatives. We therefore conclude that this MEA-based approach could be a valuable tool for future food safety testing.

关键词： Food safety Integrated testing strategies Marine neurotoxins multielectrode array Neuronal activity

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INVESTIGATING DYNAMIC ASPECTS OF BRAIN-FUNCTION IN SLICE PREPARATIONS - SPATIOTEMPORAL STIMULUS PATTERNS GENERATED WITH AN EASY-TO-BUILD multielectrode array

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JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS 1995年第1-2期58卷 81-87页

作者： HECK, D Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Cybernetics Spemannstrasse 38 72076 Tübingen Germany

Electrical stimulation of nervous tissue with single stimulating electrodes is a technique widely used for the investigation of nervous system function. While it has proved to be useful in all kinds of experiments, single electrode stimuli are, however, far from being 'natural'. In most parts of the living brain, incoming activity results from the firing of a large number of presynaptic neurons, thus reflecting a complex combination of space and time aspects of neural activity. In this paper, a multi-electrode stimulating system is introduced which allows for the generation of fast space-time stimulus patterns. An example for the application of dynamic input patterns to the cerebellar cortex in vitro is given. The corresponding experiments revealed aspects of cerebellar function which cannot be seen using static or single electrode stimulation.

关键词： ELECTRICAL STIMULATION multielectrode array DYNAMIC ACTIVITY SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERN FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY CEREBELLUM PARALLEL FIBER

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