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48h Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers

作者： Pfletschinger, Stephan Navarro, Monica Ibars, Christian CTTC Ave Carl Friedrich Gauss 7 Castelldefels 08860 Spain Intel Corp 2200 Mission Coll Blvd Santa Clara CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982974

This paper defines an information-theoretical framework for non-orthogonal broadcast systems with multilevel coding and gives design guidelines for the rate selection of multiple broadcast streams. This description includes hierarchical modulation and superposition coding with codes defined in a finite field as a special case. We show how multilevel coding can be applied to multiple antennas where, in contrast to most space-time coding and hierarchical modulation schemes, no capacity loss occurs.

关键词： multilevel coding non-orthogonal Broadcasting system superposition coding volume loss multiple antenna Galois fields

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Performance of multilevel coding Schemes with Different Decoding Methods and Mapping Strategies in Mobile Fading Channels

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中国电子杂志（英文版） 2001年第3期10卷 350-355页

作者： YUAN Dongfeng WANG Chengxiang YAO Qi CAO Zhigang Department of Electronic Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Based on 'capacity rule', the perfor-mance of multilevel coding (MLC) schemes with dif-ferent set partitioning strategies and decoding meth-ods in AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels is investi-gated, in which BCH codes are chosen as componentcodes and 8ASK modulation is used. Numerical re-sults indicate that MLC scheme with UP strategy canobtain optimal performance in AWGN channels andBP is the best mapping strategy for Rayleigh fadingchannels. BP strategy is of good robustness in bothkinds of channels to realize an optimum MLC *** decoding (MSD) is a sub-optimal decodingmethod of MLC for both channels. For Ungerboeckpartitioning (UP) and mixed partitioning (MP) strat-egy, MSD is strongly recommended to use for MLCsystem, while for BP strategy, PDL is suggested to useas a simple decoding method compared with MSD.

关键词： Mapping strategies Multistage de-coding Parallel decoding levels multilevel coding Capacity rule.

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Low-Power, Phase-Slip Tolerant, multilevel coding for M-QAM

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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2017年第4期35卷 1006-1014页

作者： Bisplinghoff, Andreas Langenbach, Stefan Kupfer, Theodor Cisco Opt GmbH D-90411 Nurnberg Germany

For a cost efficient, high capacity, coherent dense wavelength division multiplex transmission in data center interconnect applications, the number of optical interfaces should be minimized, the throughput of each modulated channel should be maximized, and the system density should be increased. These goals are supported by using high baud rates, spectrally efficient modulation, and low-power solutions. Allowing independent design of non-binary modulation and binary forward error correction (FEC) coding, bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) eases the system design for software-defined reach (or capacity) by combining a programmable modulation with a single binary FEC code. Unfortunately, as we demonstrate, the suboptimality of BICM implementations tends to increase both with the higher modulation order and also the higher FEC overhead. This motivates a search for alternatives to BICM. In this paper, we examine a low-power multilevel coding architecture for higher order quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM). Limiting ourselves to non-iterative low-power solutions, we show that two-level coding using a low-complexity convolutional code concatenated with a powerful hard decoded FEC may be an attractive approach. We demonstrate a pilot-free, phase-slip tolerant inner coding scheme with low complexity, attractive performance, and low latency. In a real-time prototype, we study the performance and implementation aspects for 64 QAM, resulting in 12.9 dB net coding gain with less than 1 Wpower dissipation per coded 100 G in 14 nm ASIC technology.

关键词： Bit-interleaved coded modulation coherent optical communication convolutional codes differential encoding forward error correction multilevel coding quadrature amplitude modulation rotationally invariant coding

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multilevel coding and unequal error protection for multiple-access communications and ultra-wideband communications in the presence of interference

Multilevel coding and unequal error protection for multiple-...

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作者： Wang, Chih-Wei University of Michigan

学位级别：Ph.D.

Interference is one of the major factors that degrade the performance of a communication system. Various types of interference cause different impact on the system performance. In this thesis, we consider interference management at the physical layer. In order to enhance the performance, the receiver needs to have the knowledge about the interference. By exploiting the knowledge about interference, such as statistical properties, it can be suppressed to enhance the link quality. This thesis contains two main topics: multilevel coding (MLC) for unequal error protection (UEP) and receiver design for ultra-wideband (UWB) communications to suppress interference. Both topics deal with interference in different ways, and face different design challenges. MLC is a way to provide UEP for different streams of information with different levels of importance in a communication system. It combines coding and modulation schemes to optimize the system performance. The idea is to protect each bit in the modulation constellation point by an individual binary code. We designed and analyzed a DS-CDMA system with asymmetric PSK modulation and MLC using BCH codes in an AWGN channel. The analysis includes probability of bit error of the system, and the capacity and throughput of the MLC scheme combined with 8-PSK modulation. The results show that the MLC scheme can have a higher throughput than the regular coding scheme in the low SNR region in the AWGN channel. We also analyzed the performance of UWB communications in the presence of MAI and jamming interference. We considered a nonlinear interference suppression technique for impulse radio based UWB systems in the AWGN channel. The technique is based on the locally optimum Bayes detection (LOBD) algorithm, which utilizes the interference probability density function (PDF) for receiver design. This type of receiver has low complexity, and numerical results show that its performance asymptotically approaches that of the optimum receiver

关键词： multilevel coding Unequal Error Protection Ultra-wideband Interference Mitigation Interference Suppression Adaptive Suboptimum Receiver Design Thesis

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multilevel coding for ISI channels and fading channels

Multilevel coding for ISI channels and fading channels

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作者： Chen, Mei University of Notre Dame

学位级别：Ph.D.

Coded modulations with dense constellations can achieve high spectral efficiency, but the optimal receivers are often extremely complex, especially when the communication channel suffers from additional non-ideality, such as the inter-symbol interference (ISI) and fading. Thus practical designs resort to suboptimal schemes at a cost of reduced data rate. In this work, we propose a multilevel coding paradigm with low complexity and capacity-approaching performance for some channels with memory, specifically, the linear (nonlinear) ISI channels and the flat fading channels. The transmitter maps many levels of independently encoded binary data to generate the dense constellation for channel input. The receiver performs multistage decoding with decision feedback where at each stage, the linear or nonlinear equalization and channel estimation may be used depending on the channel type. For linear ISI channels and block fading channels, the complexity scales linearly with the channel length and the number of levels, and the process is shown to be asymptotically information lossless if a fixed input power is properly distributed over a sufficiently large number of layers. In addition, existing codes designed for memoryless channels can be applied directly. For nonlinear ISI channels, two nonlinear equalizers are introduced, the nonlinear ISI cancellation with linear complexity and the reduced-state BCJR algorithm with better performance and slightly higher complexity. Capacity analysis and code simulation results show that these two schemes can achieve significant improvement over the conventional approaches.

关键词： multilevel coding intersymbol interference block fading nonlinear distortion

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Compress-and-Forward Via multilevel coding and Trellis Coded Quantization

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS LETTERS 2021年第4期25卷 1163-1167页

作者： Wan, Heping Host-Madsen, Anders Nosratinia, Aria Univ Texas Dallas Dept Elect Engn Richardson TX 75080 USA Univ Hawaii Manoa Dept Elect Engn Honolulu HI 96822 USA

Compress-forward (CF) relays can improve communication rates even when the relay cannot decode the source signal. Efficient implementation of CF is a topic of contemporary interest, in part because of its potential impact on wireless technologies such as cloud-RAN. There exists a gap between the performance of CF implementations in the high spectral efficiency regime and the corresponding information theoretic achievable rates. We begin by re-framing a dilemma causing this gap, and propose an approach for its mitigation. We utilize trellis coded quantization (TCQ) at the relay together with multi-level coding at the source and relay, in a manner that facilitates the calculation of bit LLRs at the destination for joint decoding. The contributions of this work include designing TCQ for end-to-end relay performance, since a distortion-minimizing TCQ is suboptimum. The reported improvements include a 1dB gain over prior results for PSK modulation.

关键词： Relays Decoding Iterative decoding Encoding Quantization (signal) Modulation Convolutional codes Compress-forward relay coded modulation multilevel coding trellis coded quantization

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Equivalent capacity-based joint multilevel coding and space-time transmit diversity design

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2008年第5期57卷 3006-3014页

作者： Tee, Ronald Yee Siong Alamri, Osamah Rashed Ng, Soon Xin Hanzo, Lajos Univ Southampton Sch Elect & Comp Sci Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

A novel space-time block-coding-assisted and sphere-packed multilevel-coded (STBC-SP-MLC) modulation arrangement is proposed, which combines an MLC-based scheme with a twin-antenna-aided STBC for the sake of providing a transmit diversity gain. The SP modulation invokes a 4-D D-4 constellation space. A new bit-to-SP symbol mapper is designed for the sake of improving the system's performance. This involves mapping the MLC bits to the SP symbols of Layer-1 and Layer-2 in D-4 space. The Binary Switching Algorithm is used to determine the optimum cost function used for designing different mapping strategies. The so-called equivalent capacity-based design invoking the 4-D signal space is used to determine the optimum coding rate of the STBC-SP-MLC scheme's component codes. Finally, we investigate a hybrid bit-to-SP symbol-mapping strategy for the STBC-SP-MLC scheme, which is capable of providing unequal error protection.

关键词： equivalent capacity-based code design multilevel coding sphere-packing modulation transmit diversity

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Evaluation of bit error rate and optimization of error correcting capability assignment for a diversity system with multilevel coding over a fading channel

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART III-FUNDAMENTAL ELECTRONIC SCIENCE 1999年第6期82卷 26-35页

作者： Shohon, T Utiyama, T Ogiwara, H Nagaoka Univ Technol Fac Engn Nagaoka Niigata 9402188 Japan

In a fading channel without ISI, the approximate theoretical BER for a diversity reception system where multilevel coding is applied has been determined, The result obtained from the approximate theoretical BER method matches the simulation result, and thus this method can be used as an alternative for evaluating a coding system through simulation. Using the approximate theoretical BER method with a BCH code of length 31 and a rate of 63/93, the optimum error correcting capability assignments at BER = 10(-6) for two and three branches have been determined. The error capability assignments (3, 2, 1), (5, 1, 1) have been found to be optimum for levels 1, 2, 3 of the block code, respectively. In the case of a channel with M intersymbol interference, it has been shown that the BER for a given SNR = eta [dB] of an interleaving, adaptive equalization, multilevel coding combination system can be estimated using the approximate theoretical BER of an (M + 1) branch diversity whose SNR is eta - 10 log(10)(M + 1) [dB]. (C) 1999 Scripta Technica.

关键词： bit error rate error correction diversity system multilevel coding fading channel

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Performance Evaluation of WDM Channel Transmission for Probabilistic Shaping With Partial multilevel coding

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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2021年第9期39卷 2873-2879页

作者： Sugitani, Kiichi Koganei, Yohei Irie, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Hisao Fujitsu Kyushu Network Technol Ltd Fukuoka 8148588 Japan Fujitsu Ltd Kawasaki Kanagawa 2128510 Japan

We propose partial multilevel coding (MLC) for optical communications with probabilistic shaping (PS), which improves the signal-to-noise ratio performance and makes information rates more adaptable, while reducing the power consumed by forward error correction. We designed simulation models of partial-MLC and bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) implementing the same low-density parity-check code to have almost the same transmission performance in an additive white Gaussian noise channel. The estimated power consumption of the partial-MLC model was about 38 similar to 39% lower than that of the BICM model. Next, we evaluated the effect of nonlinearity on fiber wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) channels in numerical simulations. The results showed that both models behaved similarly regardless of nonlinear noise, illustrating the usefulness of MLC with PS for optical transmissions on WDM channels.

关键词： Reflective binary codes Encoding Wavelength division multiplexing Decoding Forward error correction Probabilistic logic Optical fiber communication Bit-interleaved coded modulation coherent optical communications forward error correction gray code mapping information rate multilevel coding multi-stage decoding nonlinear effect probabilistic shaping quadrature amplitude modulation set partitioning wavelength division multiplexing

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A computationally efficient multilevel coding scheme for ISI channels

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2007年第12期53卷 4556-4566页

作者： Chen, Mei Li, Teng Collins, Oliver M. Univ Notre Dame Dept Elect Engn Notre Dame IN 46556 USA

This paper proposes a multilevel coding scheme with linear mapping for intersymbol interference (ISI) channels and derives a low-complexity receiver structure that can achieve the ISI channel capacity. The transmitter superimposes many layers of independent binary antipodal streams to generate a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) or Gaussian-like channel input. The receiver performs multistage decoding with decision feedback and interference cancellation. Within each stage is a linear minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) equalizer followed by an error-correcting decoder. The complexity scales linearly with the channel length and the number of layers, and the process is shown to be asymptotically information lossless if a fixed input power is properly distributed over a sufficiently large number of layers. This framework is then extended to achieve the capacity of the ISI channel using a transmitter-side spectral shaping filter that converts a Gaussian input sequence with a white spectrum to one with a water-filling spectrum.

关键词： coded modulation intersymbol interference (ISI) linear mapping minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) equalization multilevel coding multistage decoding water-filling

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