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Flexible multilevel coding With Concatenated Polar-Staircase Codes for M-QAM

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2021年第2期69卷 728-739页

作者： Mehmood, Tayyab Yankov, Metodi Plamenov Iqbal, Shajeel Forchhammer, Soren Tech Univ Denmark Dept Photon Engn DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark Comcores ApS DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark

In this work, a multilevel coding (MLC) based coded modulation scheme with two degrees of freedom in rate flexibility is proposed and compared with a bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) scheme from a performance versus complexity perspective. The proposed MLC scheme is based on a rate flexible inner soft-decision polar code and utilizes an outer hard-decision staircase code structure as in the 400ZR concatenated forward error-correcting code. The performance of the MLC scheme is investigated for a range of inner code lengths, inner decoder list sizes, and signaling with 16 and 64 quadrature amplitude modulation, respectively. The MLC is designed such that a portion of the staircase encoded bits can bypass the inner code. The number of required inner soft-decision decoders can thus be reduced, thereby saving computational complexity. The proposed MLC scheme simultaneously offers up to a 53.7% reduction in the number of inner decoders and up to 0.55 dB of performance improvement when compared with the similar BICM approach.

关键词： Decoding Forward error correction Polar codes Complexity theory Signal to noise ratio Data centers Modulation Polar codes staircase codes multilevel coding rate flexibility data center interconnects

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A Novel Hybrid Relaying Scheme Using multilevel coding

A Novel Hybrid Relaying Scheme Using Multilevel Coding

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2010 IEEE 71st Vehicular Technology Conference

作者： Qi, Yinan Hoshyar, Reza Tafazolli, Rahim Univ Surrey CCSR Surrey GU2 7XH England

ISBN: (纸本)9781424425198

In this paper, multilevel coding is tailored for cooperative communication, where the source deploys a layered encoding structure. Due to the BER difference for different coding levels, there is some possibility that the relay, despite of successful decoding in upper coding levels, might not be able to correctly decode in lower levels. We propose a hybrid relaying scheme to cope with this problem, where the relay deploys decode-and-forward in upper levels and compress-and-forward in lower levels. Simulation results demonstrate that this hybrid technique approaches a fine balance among the complexity, BER performance and transmission efficiency.

关键词： Decode-and-forward (DF) Compress-and-forward (CF) multilevel coding Wyner-Ziv estimation Slepian-Wolf coding (SW)

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EXIT-chart-based power allocations for superposition multilevel coding systems

EXIT-chart-based power allocations for superposition multile...

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3rd International Conference on Communications and Networking in China

作者： Wang, Xiuni Ma, Xiao Sun Yat Sen Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Guangzhou 510275 Guangdong Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781424423736

multilevel coding with sigma-mapping is one simple way to obtain coding gain as well as shaping gain, while power-allocation, by allocating proper powers to different levels, can facilitate the iterative decoding/detection algorithms. In this paper, we utilize the EXIT chart to calculate the convergence threshold for each level by treating the signals from other levels as Gaussian noise. Based on the threshold, we propose a simple power allocation scheme. Numerical results show that the proposed EXIT-based power allocation scheme improves the performance when compared with the existing Gaussian approximation power allocation scheme while still keeping a reasonable complexity.

关键词： multilevel coding superposition EXIT power allocation

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Simplified Design of multilevel coding Scheme with Polar Codes for High-Order Modulation 5th

Simplified Design of Multilevel Coding Scheme with Polar Cod...

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5th International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications (ICWCA)

作者： Xu, Lei Zhou, Lin Wang, Lin Wang, Congyi Liu, Sanya Natl Huaqiao Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Xiamen Key Lab Mobile Multimedia Commun Xiamen 361021 Fujian Peoples R China China Mobile Commun Grp Xiamen Co Ltd Xiamen 361000 Fujian Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811922558;9789811922541

Polar codes are a type of forward error correction (FEC) codes that can achieve the capacity of a discrete memoryless symmetric channel. Polar codes are accepted by the 5G standard due to the excellent error correction performance. The next-generation mobile communication system requires higher spectrum efficiency, so it is significant to study the easy-to-implement and efficient coded modulation scheme of polar codes for high-order modulation. The commonly used polar coded modulation schemes in communication systems mainly include bit-interleaved coded modulation (BICM) and multilevel coding (MLC). Aiming at the requirements of higher spectrum efficiency and higher reliability of future communication systems, in this work, we propose an improved MLC scheme based on polar codes to reduce the difficulty of MLC scheme design. Since the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) can be decomposed into two orthogonal pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) in the MLC system, we performed simulations based on PAM in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Compared with the conventional BICM scheme, the proposed MLC scheme provides performance gains of 0.4 dB and 1.48 dB under 8-PAM and 16-PAM, respectively. At the same time, while the proposed MLC scheme provides a large amount of performance gain at 16-PAM, the complexity of the soft-decision decoder of the entire system is reduced by 55%.

关键词： Bit-interleaved coded modulation High-order modulation multilevel coding Polar codes Signal point labeling

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Sliding multilevel coding for Power-Efficient FEC on Probabilistically Shaped QAMs 25

Sliding Multilevel Coding for Power-Efficient FEC on Probabi...

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25th Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC)

作者： Koganei, Yohei Mikami, Kazumasa Sutou, Mitsuru Sugiyama, Junichi Sugitani, Kiichi Nakashima, Hisao Fujitsu Ltd Technol Dev Unit Kawasaki Kanagawa Japan Fujitsu Ltd Photon Syst Bussiness Unit Kawasaki Kanagawa Japan Fujitsu Kyushu Network Technol Ltd Technol Dev Strategy Unit Fukuoka Japan

We propose a novel but simple technique for combining multilevel coding and probabilistic shaping (PS) to reduce power consumption by half or more for forward error correction while fully utilizing the benefits of PS.

ISBN: (纸本)9781728154459

关键词： Forward error correction multilevel coding probabilistic shaping optical communication

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multilevel coding for low-density parity-check codes

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART I-COMMUNICATIONS 2007年第8期90卷 57-68页

作者： Matsumoto, Wataru Xu, Weigang Imai, Hideki Mitsubishi Electr Corp Kamakura Kanagawa 2478501 Japan Sanwa Elect Corp Tokyo 1160003 Japan Univ Tokyo Inst Ind Sci Tokyo 1528505 Japan

In recent years attention has turned to LDPC codes, which show performance approaching communication path capacity. In the past, application of LDPC codes has mainly been BPSK-based proposals. In this paper, we propose a new design method for multilevel coding that uses LDPC codes as element codes. First, we focus on the possibility of freedom of design for LDPC! codes in regards to any desired encoding rate, optimize a degree profile using Gaussian Approximation, and use the actual BER characteristics shown in LDPC codes of finite length formed by this degree file to find the differential SNRnorm up to the Shannon limit of SNR values at the time of some specific BER. With the SNRnorm for the encoding rate at several points, we calculate an SNRnorm approximation formula for a continuous, wide-range encoding rate, and use this approximation formula to propose a method for designing multivalue coded modulation based on multilevel coding. In addition, we demonstrate the results of a simulation of this proposed method using irregular EG-LDPC codes, and demonstrate that this method is effective for restricting deterioration of performance in actual usage. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： coded modulation low-density parity-check codes sum-product decoding multilevel coding

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multilevel coding for the Full-Duplex Relay Channel

Multilevel Coding for the Full-Duplex Relay Channel

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IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Ahmed Attia Abotabl Aria Nosratinia Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas at Dallas

ISBN: (纸本)9781479959532

The overwhelming majority of the large literature on coding for the relay channel has been dedicated to the low-SNR regime (binary signaling) and the half-duplex scenario. For non-binary full-duplex signaling, important challenges remain in the simultaneous design of coded modulation at the source and relay. Part of the difficulty is to design the codes with the requisite correlation prescribed by theory. This paper proposes a systematic code design methodology for the relay channel via multilevel coding (MLC). The main difficulty was that a straight-forward extension of the chain rule MLC decomposition, as was previously used in the point-to-point MLC, would result in many dependencies between the coded layers of the source and relay. A key contribution of this paper is showing that MLC joint source/relay code design can be implemented via standard binary code design procedures. Specifically, we outline a design process where the correlation between the source and relay codes are implemented purely via pairwise correlations between the binary codes of source and relay at each layer, without any other inter-layer correlations. Moreover, a specific design example is provided via a simple XOR operation on two conventionally designed codes. Numerical results show excellent performance for the proposed scheme.

关键词： relay channel multilevel coding relay microprocessor logic circuit MLC1 gene design process binary code FULL DUPLEX exclusive-OR function Codes Pairwise error probability modulation coding

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multilevel coding for the Broadcast Channel: Optimality & Near-Optimal Constructions

Multilevel Coding for the Broadcast Channel: Optimality & Ne...

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IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Ahmed Abotabl Aria Nosratinia Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas at Dallas

ISBN: (纸本)9781509013296

The capacity of the AWGN broadcast is achieved by superposition coding, but superposition of individual coded modulations does not in general obey a predefined constellation. We propose a coded modulation broadcast with strict channel-input modulation constraint via multilevel coding (MLC). For a degraded broadcast channel, conditions of optimality of the multilevel decomposition of a superposition code are derived. Furthermore, a constructive scheme is proposed that simplifies the superposition multilevel code and facilitates the design process, by reducing the inter-dependencies between the levels of the two component codes, and yet achieves rates very close to the constellation constrained capacity. Simulation results on several modulations verify the operation of the proposed coding scheme at or near the constellation constrained capacity.

关键词： multilevel coding design process CONSTELLATIONS broadcast channels optimality superposition coding labeling scheme

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Variable-Rate coding With Constant BER for NOMA via multilevel IRA coding

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2019年第5期68卷 5149-5153页

作者： Chi, Yuhao Liu, Lei Guo, Jie Song, Guanghui Yuen, Chau Guan, Yong Liang Xidian Univ State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Shaanxi Peoples R China Singapore Univ Technol & Design Singapore 119613 Singapore Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

In this correspondence paper, a variable-rate coding scheme is proposed for an uplink NOMA system. Specifically, each user employs a multilevel irregular repeat-accumulate (IRA) coding scheme, which consists of multiple common component IRA encoders. The variable-rate coding scheme is realized by flexibly adjusting the number of component IRA encoders allocated to each user. We design this common component IRA encoder based on extrinsic information transfer analysis to achieve an overall good multi-user decoding performance. The advantages of our proposed scheme are as follows: first, simple implementation of rate variation, second, flexible design of multilevel IRA coding, i.e., the well-designed component IRA encoders does not need to be re-designed when any user changes its rate, third, fair decoding convergence of each user, and finally, capacity-approaching performance.

关键词： NOMA variable-rate multilevel coding

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On Superposition multilevel coding for the 3-Node Relay Channel Exploiting Decode and Forward

On Superposition Multilevel Coding for the 3-Node Relay Chan...

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IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference

作者： Daniel Kern Volker Kühn Institute of Communications Engineering University of Rostock Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479980925

Relaying techniques are a well investigated subject in literature. The simplest relay channel is a 3-node network and the communication is split into broadcast phase and Multiple Access (MAC) phase. The focus of this paper lies on the MAC part of the relay channel which is a superposition of the source's and the relay's signals. From information theory it is known that a trade-off between distributed Beamforming (dBF) and the classical MAC has to be found. Generally, the source transmits a superposition of a beamforming part and new information, where the power distribution between both parts has to be optimized. In this work, this conventional approach will be reinterpreted from a multilevel coding/Code (MLC) point of view, where the new information can be seen as a level on top of the information transmitted by the relay. In addition, Superposition Modulation (SPM) will be used as a joined mapping scheme to ensure coherent superposition of the dBF part. In this MLC view, the conventional scheme is extended to a more generalized scheme which allows to achieve the theoretical Decode and Forward (DF) rate of Gaussian relay channels. Furthermore, it is possible to realize a low complexity joint demapping of both signals at the destination with only minor performance degradation. Indeed, results show that the new scheme will outperform practical mapping schemes like Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM).

关键词： relay channel Electricity Distribution Systems microprocessor logic circuit MLC1 gene DEcoding relay multilevel coding MAXIMUM ACCEPTABLE CONTAMINATION Media Access Protocol Quadrature amplitude modulation Information Theory degradation of performance SUPERPOSITION destination

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