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A Collaborative Transcoding Strategy for Live Broadcasting over Peer-to-Peer IPTV Networks

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 2011年第2期21卷 220-224页

作者： Wu, Jui-Chieh Huang, Polly Yao, Jason J. Chen, Homer H. Natl Taiwan Univ Grad Inst Comp Sci & Informat Engn Taipei 10617 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Elect Engn Taipei 10617 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Grad Inst Commun Engn Taipei 10617 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Grad Inst Networking & Multimedia Taipei 10617 Taiwan

Real-time video transcoding that is often needed for robust video broadcasting over heterogeneous networks is not supported in most existing devices. To address this problem, we propose a collaborative strategy that leverages the peering architecture of peer-to-peer Internet protocol television networks and makes the computational resources of peers sharable. The video transcoding task is distributed among the peers and completed collaboratively. A prototype of the live video broadcasting system is evaluated over a 100-node testbed on the PlanetLab. The experimental results show that the proposed strategy works effectively even when the majority of the peers have limited computational resource and bandwidth.

关键词： IPTV live broadcasting multiple description coding P2P network video streaming

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Intra-layer network coding for lossy communication of progressive codes

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AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS 2014年第7期68卷 611-615页

作者： Sarshar, Nima Bais, Abdul Univ Regina Fac Engn Regina SK S4S 0A2 Canada

In this paper we discuss layered multicast (LM) of progressive source codes using network coding. LM is absolutely optimal if different sinks in the network are satisfied up to their max-flow. Since absolutely optimal intra-layer network strategies might not exist for general networks, we present conditions under which an absolutely optimal, intra-layer multicast strategy exists for a given network and how that strategy may be efficiently constructed. We also discuss the problem of designing optimal intra-layer multicast strategies for general directed networks. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

关键词： multiple description coding Progressive coding Network coding Layered multicast Linear layered multicast

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On Achievable Distortion Exponents for a Gaussian Source Transmitted Over Parallel Gaussian Channels With Correlated Fading and Asymmetric SNRs

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY 2016年第7期62卷 4135-4153页

作者： Zhao, Songqing Tuninetti, Daniela Ansari, Rashid Schonfeld, Dan Univ Illinois Elect & Comp Engn Dept Chicago IL 60607 USA Apple Inc Cupertino CA 95014 USA

This paper considers the end-to-end mean squared error distortion in reconstructing a memoryless proper-complex Gaussian source transmitted over a set of parallel block-fading Gaussian noise channels, where the fading gains are modeled as correlated Rayleigh distributed random variables with different average powers, thus resulting in asymmetric average received signal noise ratios (SNRs). The distortion exponent (i.e., how fast the average distortion decays to zero as the average received SNR increases) of several coding strategies based on separate source and channel coding is characterized. The definition of distortion exponent commonly used in the literature for SNR-symmetric channels is generalized to the case of SNR-asymmetric channels. It is shown that fading correlation degrades the achievable mean squared error distortion, but does not affect the distortion exponent in the analyzed achievable schemes. The logarithm of the determinant of the fading correlation matrix is found to be a proxy for measuring the performance degradation due to correlation as compared with the case of independent fading. The proposed framework allows one to study any number of correlated parallel channels, contrary to the most of the literature that restricts attention to two channels only, with the same received SNR and with independent fading. In particular, a scheme based on the multiple description coding with more than two descriptions is analyzed;it is shown that determining the distortion exponent in this setting reduces to solving a linear program, which can be done numerically very efficiently. The proposed methodology relies on combining the ideas from linear innovation sequences and properties of determinant of sub-matrices. Interestingly, it is found that SNR-asymmetry is beneficial for multiple description coding when the total average received SNR in decibel is held constant. Even in the SNR-symmetric case, asymmetry in the compression rates is shown to lead to a larg

关键词： Distortion exponent power offset multiple description coding block fading channels correlated fading rate distortion

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Adaptive Modulation for OFDM-based multiple description Progressive Image Transmission

Adaptive Modulation for OFDM-based Multiple Description Prog...

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IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 08)

作者： Tan, S. S. Rim, M. J. Cosman, P. C. Milstein, L. B. Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA Dongkuk Univ Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781424423248

This paper addresses the use of adaptive modulation in progressive image transmission with multiple description coding in conjunction with an Orthogonal Frequency Division multiplexing (OFDM) system. Specifically, two adaptive systems are considered: variable rate with fixed power, and variable rate with variable power. An algorithm is proposed to allocate power and constellation size at each subchannel by maximizing the throughput. Simulation results confirm that cross-layer optimization with adaptive modulation enhances system performance.

关键词： Adaptive modulation multiple description coding Orthogonal Frequency Division multiplexing (OFDM) power allocation

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On providing multiple-server support to Dynamic Adaptive Streaming Applications for enhanced QoE

On providing multiple-server support to Dynamic Adaptive Str...

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International Conference on Telecommunications and Multimedia (TEMU)

作者： Bruneau-Queyreix, Joachim Lacaud, Mathias Anapliotis, Petros Negru, Daniel VIOTECII COMMUN SARL Versailles France Univ Bordeaux LaBRI Lab Talence France

ISBN: (纸本)9781467384094

Adaptive bitrate streaming protocols, such as DASH, have seen extensive interest for their trade-off between smooth playbacks and quality fluctuations, aiming at increasing end-users' satisfaction toward video consumption over the Internet. The proposed work goes a step further and offers multiple-server support to Over-The-Top dynamic adaptive streaming applications: multiple-description DASH. This innovative lightweight streaming protocol takes advantage of bandwidth from multiple links by simultaneously retrieving video segments from several sources in different locations. Thanks to its codec agnosticism, DASH-compliance, and receiver-driven philosophy, our work presents a pragmatic and evolving solution that has been implemented and tested over the Internet. While multiple-description DASH comes at the cost of a tunable bandwidth consumption overhead, preliminary results demonstrate the strong QoE advantages against a standard DASH solution in terms of content quality and buffer occupancy on end-user side.

关键词： multiple-server content delivery Over-the-Top streaming Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP Quality of Experience multiple description coding

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Streaming Multicast Video over Software-Defined Networks 11

Streaming Multicast Video over Software-Defined Networks

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11th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Systems

作者： Noghani, Kyoomars Alizadeh Sunay, M. Oguz Ozyegin Univ Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn TR-34794 Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781479960361

Many of the video streaming applications in today's Internet involve the distribution of content from a CDN source to a large population of interested clients. However, widespread support of IP multicast is unavailable due to technical and economical reasons, leaving the floor to application layer multicast which introduces excessive delays for the clients and increased traffic load for the network. This paper is concerned with the introduction of an SDN-based framework that allows the network controller to not only deploy IP multicast between a source and subscribers, but also control, via a simple northbound interface, the distributed set of sources where multiple-description coded (MDC) video content is available. We observe that for medium to heavy network loads, relative to the state-of-the-art, the SDN-based streaming multicast video framework increases the PSNR of the received video significantly, from a level that is practically unwatchable to one that has good quality.

关键词： Multicast multiple description coding Software-Defined Networks Streaming Video

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Service Availability for Various Forwarded descriptions with Dynamic Buffering on Peer-to-Peer Streaming Networks 14

Service Availability for Various Forwarded Descriptions with...

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14th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing, Applications and Technologies (PDCAT)

作者： Lin, Chow-Sing Lin, Jhe-Wei Natl Univ Tainan Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn 33Sec 2Shu Lin St Tainan 700 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479924189

In P2P systems, because the buffer space of each peer is limited, most of P2P systems employ the cache-and-relay schemes that require each peer to cache the most recent video stream it receives. As long as the initial part of the video stream remains in its buffer, the peer can then relay the cached stream to late-arriving peers in a pipelining fashion and then the loading of a server is reduced. In our previous research work, we proposed a novel caching scheme for peer-to-peer on-demand streaming, called Dynamic Buffering, which relies on the feature of multiple description coding to gradually reduce the number of cached descriptions in a peer once the buffer is full. In this paper we discuss service availability of a peer with dynamic buffering for various numbers of kinds of forwarded descriptions, and provide detailed analyses on how the number of kinds of forwarded descriptions affects average service availability of a peer. In addition, the mathematical formulas of the reduction of average service availability for various numbers of kinds of forwarded descriptions is derived. Our experiment results showed that the reduction of average service availability is only related to the number of kinds of forwarded descriptions.

关键词： Dynamic Buffering Service Availability multiple description coding Peer-to-peer Streaming

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multiple description-DASH: Pragmatic video streaming maximizing End-Users' Quality of Experience

Multiple Description-DASH: Pragmatic video streaming maximiz...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Bruneau-Queyreix, Joachim Negru, Daniel Batalla, Jordi Mongay Borcoci, Eugen VIOTECH COMMUN SARL Versailles France Univ Bordeaux LaBRI Lab Talence France Warsaw Univ Technol Warsaw Poland Univ Politeh Bucarest Bucharest Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781479966646

Over the past few years, adaptive bitrate streaming protocols, such as DASH, have risen to enhance the End-Users' experience towards video consumption over the Internet. Current methods perform a smoother playback (i.e., fewer re-buffering states) trading off with quality fluctuations due to the client-server link state. The proposed work goes a step further and introduces an innovative lightweight streaming solution by taking advantage of bandwidth aggregation over multiple paths using multiple content sources at the same time. This pragmatic evolving approach outperforms the QoE delivered by current DASH-based or P2P-based solutions and leverages the scope of action made available to the media delivery chain actors. The proposed solution has been implemented and is compared to a DASH-based approach used in most existing VoD use-cases through a first set of experiments. Results demonstrate the strong advantages in terms of quality delivered at the End-User's side and buffer occupancy. Discussion on the necessary trade-offs is also tackled.

关键词： streaming systems Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) Quality of Experience multiple description coding Web Technologies Content Delivery Networks

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MULTI-LAYER OPTIMIZATION FOR VOICE coding OVER AD HOC NETWORKS

MULTI-LAYER OPTIMIZATION FOR VOICE CODING OVER AD HOC NETWOR...

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IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing and Communications

作者： Kwong, M. D. Cherkaoui, S. Lefebvre, R. Univ Sherbrooke Dept Elect & Comp Engn Sherbrooke PQ J1K 2R1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781424412358

In this paper, we explore the capabilities of a multi-layer collaboration to enhance real-time voice transmission over perturbed wireless ad hoc networks when multiple paths can be considered. To take advantage of the path diversity provided by the MSBR multi-path routing protocol, multiple description coding separates the bitstream of a speech coder in two or more complementary descriptions, each sent on different paths. We propose a cross-layer design which allows the network and application layers to co-adjust their behaviour in order to gain in robustness against packet losses. We examine the voice transmission in a network where the speech codec and the network layer dynamically collaborate versus a classical approach in which each layer operates independently. Simulation results under different network conditions show that the collaboration between the network and application layers allows the receiver to maintain superior speech quality in packet loss conditions.

关键词： Multi-path ad hoc routing voice transmission multiple description coding cross-layer design

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Evaluation of scalable and multi-descriptive coding techniques for video services over next generation Broadband Wireless Networks

Evaluation of scalable and multi-descriptive coding techniqu...

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15th International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing

作者： Noor, Huma Anjum, Fraz Khan, Nadeem LUMS Dept Comp Sci DHA Lahore 54792 Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9788022728560

In this paper we investigate the performance and error resilience of scalable and multiple description video coding techniques for transmission over 4G Broadband Wireless Network where packet loss and bit error is significant issue. In this regard recently proposed schemes are reviewed highlighting their pros and cons. Future directions of research and investigation are indicated based on this review.

关键词： Broadband Wireless Networks 4G networks Scalable Video coding multiple description coding

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