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检索条件"主题词=multiple description coding"

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Efficient Video Streaming in Wireless P2P Network Using HIS-MDC Technique

Efficient Video Streaming in Wireless P2P Network Using HIS-...

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2nd International Conference on Advances in Communication, Network, and Computing (CNC 2011)

作者： Eranti, Jeevan Jaganathan, Suresh Srinivasan, A. Sri Sivasubramania Nadar Coll Engn Dept Comp Sci & Engn Chennai Tamil Nadu India Misrimal Navajee Munoth Jain Engn Coll Dept Comp Sci & Engn Chennai Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9783642195419

In this paper, we propose a technique which enhances continuous flow of streaming despite packet loss, error resilience and quality of service using multiple descriptions coding (MDC). The main aim of MDC is to encode a video into multiple frames called descriptions, supporting multiple stages of decoding and when compared to layered coding techniques, each description can be decoded separately to estimate the model. In this proposed work we improve the error resilience and user heterogeneity using new multiple description coding method called Hybrid Interpolation Scalable MDC (HIS-MDC) technique and using both spatial and temporal interpolation schemes corrupted portions of a frame are concealed. Experimental results show that, proposed approach attains reasonable quality of video performance compared with previous multiple description methods.

关键词： interpolation peer-to-peer wireless network multiple description coding video streaming

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Variance-Aware Adaptive Modulation for OFDM-based multiple description Progressive Image Transmission

Variance-Aware Adaptive Modulation for OFDM-based Multiple D...

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2010 IEEE International Conference on Communications

作者： Tan, S. S. Rim, M. J. Cosman, P. C. Milstein, L. B. Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92092 USA Dongguk Univ Dept Informat Commun Engn Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781424464043

Average throughput maximization has commonly been used as an alternative to image or video average distortion minimization. However, as the throughput-distortion curve is non-linear, throughput maximization can be very different from distortion minimization if the variance of the throughput is large. Under high channel quality variability, the variance of the throughput will be high. multiple description coding with unequal error protection is a promising technique for the transmission of progressive images when there exists a high variability of the channel conditions. In this paper, we consider both the variance and the average of the throughput when deciding the constellation size for adaptive modulation in an OFDM system used for transmitting progressively-coded images with multiple description coding. Simulation results show that in an adaptive modulated image transmission system, taking into account both moments of the throughput achieves better performance than a system considering average throughput alone.

关键词： Adaptive modulation cross layer design multiple description coding Orthogonal Frequency Division Multi-plexing (OFDM) progressive image transmission variance

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Unbalanced quantized multiple description video transmission using path diversity

Unbalanced quantized multiple description video transmission...

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Conference on Image and Video Communications and Processing

作者： Ekmekci, S Sikora, T Tech Univ Berlin D-10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819448222

multiple description coding is a forward error correction scheme where two or more descriptions of the source are sent to the receiver over different channels. If only one channel is received the signal can be reconstructed with distortion D-1 or D-2. On the other hand, if both channels are received the combined information is used to achieve a lower distortion Do. Our approach is based on the multiple State Video coding with the novelty that we achieve a flexible unbalance rate of the two streams by varying the quantization step size while keeping the original frame rate constant. The total bitrate R-T is fixed which is to be allocated between the two streams. If the assigned bitrates are not balanced there will be PSNR (peak signal to noise ratio) variations between neighbouring frames after reconstruction. Our goal is to find the optimal rate allocation while maximizing the average reconstructed frame PSNR and minin-dzing the PSNR variations given the total bitrate RT and the packet loss probabilities p(1) and p(2) over the two paths. The reconstruction algorithm is also taken into account in the optimization process. The paper will report results presenting optimal system designs for balanced (equal packet loss probabilities) but also for unbalanced path conditions (different packet loss probabilities).

关键词： multiple description coding path diversity rate-distortion optimization rate allocation unbalanced quantization unbalanced loss probabilities state recovery flicker reduction

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Iterative Decoding of FEC Based multiple description Codes for Image Transmission Over Wireless Channel 21

Iterative Decoding of FEC Based Multiple Description Codes f...

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21st National Conference on Communications (NCC)

作者： Majumder, Saikat Verma, Shrish Natl Inst Technol Raipur Dept Elect & Telecommun Chhattisgarh India

ISBN: (纸本)9781479966196

multiple description coding has emerged as an attractive framework for robust transmission of multimedia information over packet loss and fading wireless channels. Forward error correction (FEC) based multiple description coding enables generation of an arbitrary number of descriptions from a progressive image bitstream. These descriptions are formed using erasure protection properties of Reed-Solomon codes and each code is spread across multiple packets. The level of protection is determined based on the relative importance of the information symbols in the progressive bitstream. Each description is then encoded using concatenation of convolutional code and CRC. This paper proposes an iterative soft decision decoding by exchanging extrinsic information between Reed-Solomon code across packets and convolutional coded descriptions transmitted over wireless channels, in contrast to existing approaches where hard decision is performed on the outcome of the inner channel code and outer FEC (Reed-Solomon code) is used to fill-up the erased descriptions. The simulation results over Rayleigh flat fading channel show significant improvement in received PSNR compared to baseline system.

关键词： FEC multiple description coding Reed-Solomon codes Iterative decoder Sum-product algorithm

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Traffic analysis and video quality evaluation of multiple description coded video services for fourth generation wireless IP networks

Traffic analysis and video quality evaluation of multiple de...

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International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia Communications

作者： Fitzek, FHP Can, B Prasad, R Katz, M Aalborg Univ Ctr TeleInfrastructure DK-9220 Aalborg Denmark

For the performance evaluation of future wireless communication systems, such as the fourth generation wireless networks, traffic traces of realistic services are needed. multiple description coding (MDC) is gaining a lot of interest lately and is a viable solution to provide robust video services over single or multi hop wireless networks and MDC introduces more flexibility for network coding. Furthermore it has the capability to support heterogeneous terminals as they are accepted to be used in 4G wireless networks. By means of twelve well known video sequences, in different video formats, we generate the frame size traces and evaluate the multiple description coding characteristics. In addition to that we highlight the expected overhead due to the underlying RTP/UDP/IP protocol suite. As an objective quality measurement at the application layer, we investigate the video quality in dependency of lost and error-prone descriptors. This allows researcher to convert the network losses of their network models directly into video quality values. This step makes the work unique as single layer coded video streams would always need further postprocessing to retrieve the video quality.

关键词： multiple description coding network coding video trace video quality wireless communication

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Multi-State Video coding with side information

Multi-State Video Coding with side information

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39th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers

作者： Flierl, Sila Ekmekci Sikora, Thomas Tech Univ Berlin Inst Telecommun D-10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)1424401313

Multi-State Video coding (MSVC) is a multiple description scheme where the video is splitted into two or more subsequences. Each subsequence is encoded and transmitted separately and can be decoded independently. The prediction gain decreases due to sequence splitting but error resilience of the system increases since reconstruction capabilities improve. The lost frames in one subsequence are reconstructed by using state recovery, i.e., interpolation of the past and/ future frames from the other subsequence. Unbalanced Quantized MSVC is realized by using the same scheme but coding the subsequences with different quantization stepsizes yielding different bitrates. The advantage of unbalanced operation is the increased system performance in case of unbalanced transmission channel characteristics. In our previous work, we proposed an advanced reconstruction algorithm to support the unbalanced coding of the subsequences: State recovery is not only used for the lost frames but also for received frames when state recovery yields a higher frame PSNR than using the received packet and applying motion compensation. But to figure out which reconstruction method gives a higher frame PSNR a comparison with the original sequence is necessary. Therefore the method is applicable at the decoder only if a feedback mechanism between the encoder and decoder is present. In this work, we present an alternative way, MSVC with side information (MSVCSI), for guiding the optimized reconstruction stategy by estimating the reliabilities of several possible reconstruction alternatives. The reliabilty values are calculated recursively for each frame using the loss history of the frames and the side information representing the specific sequence characteristics. We show that under unbalanced transmission conditions, MSVCSI outperforms the original MSVC method (Approach 1) and the advanced MSVC (Approach 2) upto 1 dB depending on the loss rates of the transmission channels. The gain increases as

关键词： multiple description coding optimal rate allocation unbalanced quantization path diversity

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Algorithms for Server Placement in multiple-description-Based Media Streaming

Algorithms for Server Placement in Multiple-Description-Base...

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IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (GLOBECOM 06)

作者： Ahuja, Satyajeet Krunz, Marwan Univ Arizona Dept Elect & Comp Engn Tucson AZ 85721 USA

ISBN: (纸本)142440357X

multiple description coding (MDC) has emerged as a powerful technique for reliable real-time communications over lossy packet networks. In its basic form, it involves encoding a media stream into r substreams that are sent independently from a source to a destination. Each substream (or description) can be decoded independent of the other r - 1 substreams. With every successful reception of a substream, the quality of the decoded signal improves. In this paper, we consider the problem of placing a set of servers in the network such that a desired quality of service can be provided to a community of clients that request MDC-coded traffic. We formulate the server placement (SP) problem, with the goal of identifying the minimum number of server locations that can provide r descriptions to a set of clients such that the delay associated with each path from a chosen server location to a given client is bounded by a given delay constraint and the total "unreliability" associated with the group of paths to a given client is also upper bounded. We show that the SP problem belongs to the class of NP-complete problems. We propose a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation and an efficient heuristic solution for the SP problem. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm and compare it with the optimal solution provided by the MILP solution.

关键词： multiple description coding path diversity

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Scalable MDC-Based Volumetric Video Delivery for Real-Time One-to-Many WebRTC Conferencing 24

Scalable MDC-Based Volumetric Video Delivery for Real-Time O...

引用

15th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (ACM MMSys)

作者： De Fre, Matthias van der Hooft, Jeroen Wauters, Tim De Turck, Filip Univ Ghent Imec IDLab Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9798400704123

The production and consumption of video content has become a staple in the current day and age. With the rise of virtual reality (VR), users are now looking for immersive, interactive experiences which combine the classic video applications, such as conferencing or digital concerts, with newer technologies. By going beyond 2D video into a 360 degree experience the first step was made. However, a 360 degree video offers only rotational movement, making interaction with the environment difficult. Fully immersive 3D content formats, such as light fields and volumetric video, aspire to go further by enabling six degrees-of-freedom (6DoF), allowing both rotational and positional freedom. Nevertheless, the adoption of immersive video capturing and rendering methods has been hindered by their substantial bandwidth and computational requirements, rendering them in most cases impractical for low latency applications. Several efforts have been made to alleviate these problems by introducing specialized compression algorithms and by utilizing existing 2D adaptation methods to adapt the quality based on the user's available bandwidth. However, even though these methods improve the quality of experience (QoE) and bandwidth limitations, they still suffer from high latency which makes real-time interaction unfeasible. To address this issue, we present a novel, open source [32], one-to-many streaming architecture using point cloud-based volumetric video. To reduce the bandwidth requirements, we utilize the Draco codec to compress the point clouds before they are transmitted using WebRTC which ensures low latency, enabling the streaming of real-time 6DoF interactive volumetric video. Content is adapted by employing a multiple description coding (MDC) strategy which combines sampled point cloud descriptions based on the estimated bandwidth returned by the Google congestion control (GCC) algorithm. MDC encoding scales more easily to a larger number of users compared to performing indi

关键词： Volumetric Video Adaptive Streaming WebRTC Virtual Conferencing multiple description coding Virtual Reality

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Video authentication with self recovery

Video authentication with self recovery

引用

4th Conference on Security and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents

作者： Celik, MU Sharma, G Tekalp, AM Saber, E Univ Rochester Dept Elect & Comp Engn Rochester NY 14627 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819444154

Digital video has become increasingly susceptible to spatio-temporal manipulations as a result of recent advances in video editing tools. In this paper, we propose a secure and flexible fragile digital video authentication watermark which also enables the self-recovery of video content after malicious manipulations. In the proposed block-based method, the watermark payload of a block is composed of two parts: authentication and recovery packets. The authentication packet is a digital signature with a special structure and carries the spatio-temporal position of the block. The digital signature guarantees the authenticity and integrity of the block as well as the recovery packet, whereas the localization information prevents possible cut& paste attacks. On the other hand, the recovery packet contains a highly compressed version of a spatio-temporally distant block. This information enables the recovery of the distant block, upon detection of tampering by its authentication packet. A spatio-temporal interleaving scheme and a simple multiple description coding mechanism increase the probability of self recovery by diffusing recovery information throughout the sequence. Finally, watermark payload is embedded by least significant bit modulation.

关键词： Fragile watermark video authentication self recovery LSB modulation digital signatures multiple description coding

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CodedStream: Live media streaming with overlay coded multicast

CodedStream: Live media streaming with overlay coded multica...

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Conference on Multimedia Computing and Networking

作者： Guo, J Zhu, Y Li, BC Univ Toronto Dept Elect & Comp Engn Toronto ON M5S 3G4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819452084

Multicasting is a natural paradigm for streaming live multimedia to multiple end receivers. Since IP multicast is not widely deployed, many application-layer multicast protocols have been proposed. However, all of these schemes focus on the construction of multicast trees, where a relatively small number of links carry the multicast streaming load, while the capacity of most of the other links in the overlay network remain unused. In this paper, we propose CodedStream, a high-bandwidth live media distribution system based on end-system overlay multicast. In CodedStream, we construct a k-redundant multicast graph (a directed acyclic graph) as the multicast topology, on which network coding is applied to work around bottlenecks. Simulation results have shown that the combination of k-redundant multicast graph and network coding may indeed bring significant benefits with respect to improving the quality of live media at the end receivers.

关键词： network coding overlay multicast media streaming multiple description coding

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