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Rate-Distortion Optimized Scheduling for Redundant Video Representations

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING 2009年第2期18卷 225-240页

作者： Wang, Huisheng Ortega, Antonio Univ So Calif Integraded Media Syst Ctr Los Angeles CA 90089 USA Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

This paper extends rate-distortion optimized streaming techniques to operate on a general class of coding formats that explicitly support redundancy in their coding structure. Examples include multiple description layered coding (MDLC) and multiple independently encoded versions of a video source. Such source codecs usually produce multiple decoding paths, while previous work on video streaming has mostly focused on those encoding techniques that only generate a single decoding path. A new source model called Directed Acyclic HyperGraph is introduced to describe the dependency and redundancy relationship between different video data units with multiple decoding paths. Based on this model, we then propose two rate-distortion based packet scheduling algorithms, i.e., Lagrangian optimization and a greedy algorithm, to dynamically adjust the system's real-time redundancy to match the channel behavior. The proposed streaming system introduces two types of redundancies, namely, source redundancy and transport redundancy. This paper presents a detailed performance analysis of the individual benefits for error robustness provided by these redundancies and their interplay. Experimental results show that our proposed system with both redundancies achieves the best end-to-end performance on real-time video communication over a wide range of network scenarios.

关键词： Directed acyclic hypergraph end-to-end distortion multiple decoding paths multiple description layered coding packet dependency rate-distortion optimized scheduling redundant video source redundancy transport redundancy

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Rate-distortion-based scheduling of video with multiple decoding paths

Rate-distortion-based scheduling of video with multiple deco...

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Conference on Image and Video Communications and Processing 2005

作者： Wang, HS Ortega, A Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Syst Inttegrated Media Syst Ctr Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819456586

We present a general rate-distortion based scheduling framework that can accommodate cases where multiple encoded versions for the same video are available for transmission. Previous work on video scheduling is mostly focused on those encoding techniques, such as layered coding, which generate only one set of dependent packets. However, it is sometimes preferred to have a codec that produces redundant video data, where multiple different decoding paths are possible. Examples of these scenarios are multiple description layered coding and multiple independently encoded video streams. A new source model called Directed Acyclic HyperGraph (DAHG) is introduced to describe the relationship between different video data units with multiple decoding paths. Based on this model, we propose two low-complexity scheduling algorithms: the greedy algorithm and the M-T algorithm. Experiments are made to compare the performance of these algorithms. It is shown that, in the case of multiple decoding paths, the M-T algorithm outperforms the greedy algorithm by taking into account some of the transmission possibilities available in the near future before making a decision.

关键词： multimedia communication rate-distortion based scheduling multiple decoding paths multiple description layered coding

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Robust video communication by combining scalability and multiple description coding techniques

Robust video communication by combining scalability and mult...

引用

Conference on Image and Video Communications and Processing

作者： Wang, HS Ortega, A Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Syst Integrated Media Syst Ctr Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819448222

layered coding (LC) and multiple description coding (MDC) have been proposed as two different kinds of "quality adaptation" schemes for video delivery over the current Internet or wireless networks. To combine the advantages of LC and MDC, we present a new approach - multiple description layered coding (MDLC), to provide reliable video communication over a wider range of network scenarios and application requirements. MDLC improves LC in that it introduces redundancy in each layer so that the chance of receiving at least one description of base layer is greatly enhanced. Though LC and MDC are each good in limit cases (e.g., long end-to-end delay for LC vs. short delay for MDC), the proposed MDLC system can address intermediate cases as well. Same as a LC system with retransmission, the MDLC system can have a feedback channel to indicate which descriptions have been correctly received. Thus a low redundancy MDLC system can be implemented with our proposed runtime packet scheduling system based on the feedback information. The goal of our scheduling algorithm is to find a proper on-line packet scheduling policy to maximize the playback quality at the decoder. Previous work on scheduling algorithms has not considered multiple decoding choices due to the redundancy between data units, because of the increase in complexity involved in considering alternate decoding paths. In this paper, we introduce a new model of Directed Acyclic HyperGraph (DAHG) to represent the data dependencies among frames and layers, as well as the data correlation between descriptions. The impact of each data unit to others is represented by messages passing along the graph with updates based on new information received. Experimental results show that the proposed system provides more robust and efficient video communication for real-time applications over lossy packet networks.

关键词： multimedia communication layered coding multiple description coding multiple description layered coding scheduling

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