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98th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)

作者： Lu, Shih-Hao Chung, Char-Dir Chen, Wei-Chang Natl Taiwan Univ Grad Inst Commun Engn Taipei Taiwan Natl Taipei Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350329285

Constant-amplitude (CA) sequences are efficacious in the construction of multicarrier sounding waveforms in order to facilitate simultaneous channel estimation (SCE) in uplink multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The permissible single-root length-N Zadoff-Chu sequences that are cyclically shiftable with a minimum cyclic shift distance (CSD) (sic)(min) in time domain are widely adopted to enable the separation of simultaneously received sounding OFDM waveforms and thus achieve accurate SCE when at most left perpendicular N/(sic)(min) right perpendicular MIMO channels are estimated simultaneously. To enable the large-size SCE of more than left perpendicular N/(sic)(min) right perpendicular MIMO channels, nonorthogonal multiple-root Zadoff-Chu sequences have to be adopted and this degrades the SCE performance remarkably due to heavy inter-sequence interference (ISI). In this paper, various CA sequence families are thus investigated for performance prevalence in the large-size SCE over independent Rician multipath channels. It is analytically shown that the large-size SCE can be achieved with less influence from ISI when the adopted CA sequence family is composed of orthogonal sequence subfamilies, each containing as many permissible cyclically-shiftable CA sequences as possible.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output simultaneous channel estimation constant-amplitude sequences channel sounding

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Ergodic Capacity of Space-Time Line Code Systems With Transmit Antenna Selection

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2022年第8期71卷 9089-9094页

作者： Lim, Seung-Chan Joung, Jingon Hankyong Natl Univ Sch ICT Robot & Mech Engn Anseong 17579 South Korea Chung Ang Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Seoul 06974 South Korea

Since a novel diversity technique called a space-time line code (STLC) was invented, previous studies have focused on the analysis of a rate-1 STLC assuming two receive antennas. For the state-of-the-art STLCs with transmit antenna selection (TAS), in this study, the ergodic capacities of TAS-STLC systems with various code rates are mathematically derived, not only for a TAS-STLC system with two receive antennas but also for those with three or four. To this end, the probability density function of the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio was characterized. The accuracy of the mathematical analysis was validated by a numerical simulation. This study is significant for investigating the fundamental performance of TAS-STLC systems.

关键词： Receiving antennas Signal to noise ratio Transmitting antennas Codes Three-dimensional displays Probability density function Random variables Ergodic capacity multiple-input multiple-output space-time line code transmit antenna selection

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Analysis on the performance of normalised gain difference power allocation for MIMO-NOMA-based VLC

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022年第2-5期19卷 113-125页

作者： Elewah, Ibrahim A. Jasman, Faezah Ng, Sha Shiong Univ Sains Malaysia USM Inst Nano Optoelect Res & Technol INOR George Town 11800 Malaysia Amer Coll Middle East Dept Engn & Technol Egila Kuwait

In this study, we build a 4 x 4 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based visible light communication (VLC) system. The main goal of this study is to optimise the power consumption on the indoor VLC system by using normalised gain difference power allocation (NGDPA) to ensure the same achievable sum rate even for users on the system borders. The proposed system is simulated to serve 2, 3, and up to 4 users. The obtained results were compared with 4 x 4 MIMO using NOMA without applying NGDPA. It was found that the proposed system shows an almost constant achievable sum rate for all users regardless of their current position within the system coverage area. The results show that users on the system edge can share up to 97.32% of the maximum achievable sum rate. The relation between normalised offset and sum rate gain for 2, 3, and 4 users' scenarios is also discussed. The findings revealed that the system using NOMA with NGDPA scheme can utilise more sum rate gain with increasing the number of users. Through this study, it can be deduced that the 4 x 4 MIMO-NOMA-VLC system with NGDPA scheme has been performance.

关键词： energy-efficient light source VLC visible light communication MIMO multiple-input multiple-output NOMA non-orthogonal multiple access NGDPA normalised gain difference power allocation

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Performance Improvement of Radio-Wave Encrypted MIMO Communications Using Average LLR Clipping

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2022年第8期E105B卷 931-943页

作者： Okumura, Mamoru Asano, Keisuke Abe, Takumi Okamoto, Eiji Yamamoto, Tetsuya Nagoya Inst Technol Grad Sch Engn Dept Comp Sci & Engn Nagoya Aichi 4668555 Japan Panasonic Corp Digital & AI Technol Ctr Technol Div Yokohama Kanagawa 2248539 Japan

In recent years, there has been significant interest in information-theoretic security techniques that encrypt physical layer signals. We have proposed chaos modulation, which has both physical layer security and channel coding gain, as one such technique. In the chaos modulation method, the channel coding gain can be increased using a turbo mechanism that exchanges the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) with an external concatenated code using the max-log approximation. However, chaos modulation, which is a type of Gaussian modulation, does not use fixed mapping, and the distance between signal points is not constant;therefore, the accuracy of the max-log approximated LLR degrades under poor channel conditions. As a result, conventional methods suffer from performance degradation owing to error propagation in turbo decoding. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new LLR clipping method that can be optimally applied to chaos modulation by limiting the confidence level of LLR and suppressing error propagation. For effective clipping on chaos modulation that does not have fixed mappings, the average confidence value is obtained from the extrinsic LLR calculated from the demodulator and decoder, and clipping is performed based on this value, either in the demodulator or the decoder. Numerical results indicated that the proposed method achieves the same performance as the one using the exact LLR, which requires complicated calculations. Furthermore, the security feature of the proposed system is evaluated, and we observe that sufficient security is provided.

关键词： radio-wave encryption chaos modulation physical layer security LLR clipping multiple-input multiple-output

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Improved Gauss-Seidel detector for large-scale MIMO systems

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2022年第4期16卷 291-302页

作者： Khoso, Imran A. Zhang, Xiaofei Shaikh, Abdul Hayee Sahito, Fahad Dayo, Zaheer Ahmed Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 211106 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Coll Elect & Commun Engn Beijing Peoples R China

Large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (LS-MIMO) is one of the promising technologies beyond the 5G cellular system in which large antenna arrays at the base station (BS) improve the system capacity and energy-efficiency. However, the large number of antennas at the BS makes it challenging to design low-complexity high-performance data detectors. Thus, a number of iterative detection methods, such as Gauss-Seidel and conjugate gradient, are introduced to achieve complexity-performance tradeoff. However, their performance deteriorates for the systems with small BS-to-user antenna ratio or for the channels that exhibit correlation. This paper proposes a new efficient iterative detection algorithm based on the improved Gauss-Seidel iteration to address this problem. The proposed method performs one conjugate gradient iteration that enables better performance with less number of iterations. A new hybrid iteration is introduced and a low-complexity initial estimation is utilised to enhance detection accuracy while reducing the complexity further. In addition, a novel preconditioning technique is proposed to maintain the benefits of the proposed detector in correlated MIMO channels. It is mathematically demonstrate that the proposed detector achieves low approximated error. Theoretical analysis and numerical results show that the proposed algorithm provides a faster convergence rate compared to conventional methods.

关键词： conjugate gradient iteration detection accuracy iterative detection methods correlated MIMO channels hybrid iteration system capacity exhibit correlation signal detection complexity-performance tradeoff MIMO communication improved Gauss-Seidel iteration 5G cellular system BS-to-user antenna ratio base station efficient iterative detection algorithm performance deteriorates LS-MIMO large-scale MIMO systems low approximated error energy-efficiency multiple-input multiple-output cellular radio iterations 5G mobile communication improved Gauss-Seidel detector gradient methods low-complexity initial estimation low-complexity high-performance data detectors antenna arrays

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MIMO-OFDM Modulation Classification Using Three-Dimensional Convolutional Network

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2022年第6期71卷 6738-6743页

作者： Thien Huynh-The Toan-Van Nguyen Quoc-Viet Pham da Costa, Daniel Benevides Kim, Dong-Seong Kumoh Natl Inst Technol ICT Convergence Res Ctr Gumi 39177 Gyeongsangbuk D South Korea Kumoh Natl Inst Technol Dept IT Convergence Gumi 39177 Gyeongsangbuk D South Korea Utah State Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn Logan UT 84321 USA Pusan Natl Univ Korean Southeast Ctr Ind Revolut Leader 4 Yangsan 50612 Gyeongsangnam D South Korea Technol Innovat Inst AI & Telecom Res Ctr Abu Dhabi 9639 U Arab Emirates Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Future Technol Res Ctr Touliu 64002 Yunlin Taiwan

Automatic modulation classification (AMC) plays a vital role in cognitive radio to improve spectrum utilization efficiency, however, most of the existing works have focused on single-carrier communications in single-input single-output systems. In this paper, we propose an efficient AMC method for multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) communication systems with the assumption of unknown frequency-selective fading channels and signal-to-noise ratio. At the receiver, the complex envelope samples of a burst signal acquired by multiple antennas are decomposed into in-phase and quadrature samples, which are then structured into a high-dimensional data array. To learn the modulation patterns from received signals, we develop a deep network, namely three-dimensional MIMO-OFDM convolutional neural network (MONet). With cuboidal convolution filters, the proposed MONet allows the network to capture underlying features as intra- and inter-antenna correlations at multi-scale signal representations. Relying on simulations, MONet achieves the classification accuracy of over 95% at 0 dB SNR under various channel impairments and shows the robustness with different MIMO antenna configurations.

关键词： Modulation Receiving antennas OFDM Correlation Convolution Transmitting antennas Three-dimensional displays Automatic modulation classification 3D convolutional neural network orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output

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Secure Beamforming in DLA-Based CAP-MIMO

Secure Beamforming in DLA-Based CAP-MIMO

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41st IEEE Military Communications Conference (IEEE MILCOM) - Communications Supporting Military Operations in a Contested Environment

作者： Cheng, Zhenqiao Li, Nanxi Zhu, Jianchi She, Xiaoming Ouyang, Chongjun Chen, Peng China Telecom Beijing Res Inst 6G Res Ctr Beijing 102209 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350321814

This work proposes a novel secure beamforming design for discrete lens array (DLA)-based continuous aperture phased (CAP) multiple-input multiple-output wiretap channels. The base station exploits a switching network to connect a subset of its analog beams or DLA feed antennas to the available radio frequency chains. The switching network and transmit beamformers are jointly designed to maximize the weighted secrecy sum-rate for this setting. The principal design problem reduces to an NP-hard mixed-integer non-linear programming. We invoke the fractional programming technique and the penalty dual decomposition method to develop a tractable iterative algorithm that effectively approximates the optimal design. Our numerical investigations validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and its superior performance compared with the benchmark.

关键词： Beam selection discrete lens array multiple-input multiple-output physical layer security

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Super-UWB MIMO antenna with high isolation

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2022年第11期64卷 2095-2102页

作者： Rahim, Sajjad Yang, Xue-Xia Elobied, Abubaker A. Xiao, Bo-Zhong Shanghai Univ Sch Commun & Informat Engn Dept Commun Engn Shanghai Peoples R China

A 1 x 2 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with super-ultra wideband (super-UWB) operation and high isolation is proposed. The antenna element has an eye-shape radiator fed by a tapered shape feedline on the top side and a defected ground structure etched on the bottom ground plane. A high isolation between two radiators is achieved by introducing a T-shape and two small arm shape stubs at the center of the ground plane. The proposed design was verified by a fabricated prototype and measurement. The measured results show that the MIMO antenna achieves impedance bandwidth of 3 similar to 45 GHz, isolation of 21 dB, and a peak gain of 10.1 dBi. The envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.02. The overall size of the design is only 0.26 lambda 0L x 0.3 lambda 0L (lambda 0L is the free space wavelength at 3 GHz).

关键词： defected ground structure high isolation multiple-input multiple-output super-UWB ultra-wideband

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Performance Analysis of STBC-Based MIMO PLC System in Cyclostationary Noise Environment

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY 2022年第8期71卷 9026-9031页

作者： Dash, Soumya P. Bhuyan, Jashaswini Mallik, Ranjan K. Indian Inst Technol Bhubaneswar Sch Elect Sci Argul Khordha 752050 Odisha India Indian Inst Sci Dept Elect Commun Engn Bengaluru 560012 India Indian Inst Technol Delhi Dept Elect Engn New Delhi 110016 India

The paper proposes a multiple-input multiple-output-based power line communication (PLC) system subject to Rayleigh fading and corrupted by additive cyclostationary Gaussian noise. The proposed coherent receiver structure employs a block reception rule at the reception unit for detecting the space-time block-coded transmitted data symbols. A closed-form expression for the pairwise error probability (PEP) is derived using a characteristic function approach. Exact and asymptotic expressions for the average PEP are obtained for the special case of Alamouti code transmission which show that the PLC system under consideration offers full diversity. Numerical results depict the improvement in the system performance with increase in the number of receive diversity branches and the average signal-to-noise ratio per branch and decrease in the correlation value between the noise samples.

关键词： Receivers Symbols Indexes Codes MIMO communication Data communication Reliability Coherent detection cyclostationary noise multiple-input multiple-output pairwise error probability (PEP) powerline communication space-time block coding

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2D Generalized Optical Spatial Modulation for MIMO-OWC Systems

IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL

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IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL 2022年第4期14卷 1页

作者： Chen, Chen Zeng, Lin Zhong, Xin Fu, Shu Zeng, Zhihong Liu, Min Haas, Harald Chongqing Univ Sch Microelect & Commun Engn Chongqing 400044 Peoples R China Univ Edinburgh LiFi Res & Dev Ctr Inst Digital Commun Edinburgh EH9 3JL Midlothian Scotland Univ Strathclyde Technol Innovat Ctr Glasgow G1 1RD Lanark Scotland Univ Strathclyde Dept Elect & Elect Engn Glasgow G1 1RD Lanark Scotland

In this paper, a novel two-dimensional (2D) generalized optical spatial modulation (GOSM) scheme is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output optical wireless communication (MIMO-OWC) systems. By grouping multiple successive time slots as one time block, 2D GOSM mapping can be performed not only in the space domain but also in the time domain. Specifically, two types of 2D GOSM mapping schemes are designed, including 2D-1 and 2D-2 GOSM mappings. Moreover, to address the high complexity issue of optimal joint maximum-likelihood (ML) detection and the noise amplification and error propagation issues of zero-forcing-based ML (ZF-ML) detection, a deep neural network (DNN)-aided detection scheme is further designed for 2D GOSM systems. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed 2D GOSM scheme with deep learning-aided detection for high-speed and low-complexity MIMO-OWC systems. More specifically, a remarkable 3.4-dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain can be achieved by 2D GOSM in comparison to the conventional one-dimensional (1D) GOSM, when applying the DNN-aided detection.

关键词： Light emitting diodes Symbols Modulation Optical transmitters Optical modulation Adaptive optics High-speed optical techniques Deep learning multiple-input multiple-output Optical wireless communication

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