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1D representation of Laplacian eigenmaps and dualk-nearest neighbours for unified video coding

IET IMAGE PROCESSING 2020年第10期14卷 2156-2165页

作者： Li, Honggui Yangzhou Univ Sch Informat Engn 196 West Huayang Rd Yangzhou Jiangsu Peoples R China

This study proposes a framework of video coding based on Laplacian eigenmaps (LEM) and its related embedding and reconstruction algorithm (ERA). Firstly, a one-dimensional (1D) representation of LEM is adopted to achieve an extremely low bit per pixel (BPP). Secondly, dualk-nearest neighbours, which keeps neighbour relationships both in high-dimensional data space and low-dimensional representation space and overcomes the disadvantage of classical non-linear dimensionality reduction methods which cannot preserve the neighbour properties in both of the spaces, based ERA of LEM is employed to gain extraordinarily high peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). Thirdly, a unified framework of video coding is fit for intra-frame, inter-frame and multi-view video coding. Finally, it is evaluated by simulation experiments that, in the situation of low bitrate transmission, the proposed method can attain better performance of BPP and PSNR than that of the state-of-the-art methods, such as highly efficient video coding.

关键词： video coding eigenvalues and eigenfunctions image resolution Laplacian eigenmaps k-nearest neighbours unified video coding LEM related embedding reconstruction algorithm one-dimensional representation extremely low bit BPP high-dimensional data space low-dimensional representation space nonlinear dimensionality reduction methods neighbour properties ERA peak-signal-to-noise ratio multiview video coding low bitrate transmission highly efficient video coding

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Low-complexity video coding via power-rate-distortion optimization

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JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND IMAGE REPRESENTATION 2012年第3期23卷 569-585页

作者： Kang, Li-Wei Lu, Chun-Shien Lin, Chih-Yang Asia Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Taichung 41354 Taiwan Acad Sinica Inst Informat Sci Taipei 11529 Taiwan

Wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) have been potentially applicable for several emerging applications. The resources, i.e., power and bandwidth available to visual sensors in a WMSN are, however, very limited. Hence, it is important but challenging to achieve efficient resource allocation and optimal video data compression while maximizing the overall network lifetime. In this paper, a power-rate-distortion (PRD) optimized resource-scalable low-complexity multiview video encoding scheme is proposed. In our video encoder, both the temporal and interview information can be exploited based on the comparisons of extracted media hashes without performing motion and disparity estimations, which are known to be time-consuming. We present a PRD model to characterize the relationship between the available resources and the RD performance of our encoder. More specifically, an RD function in terms of the percentages for different coding modes of blocks and the target bit rate under the available resource constraints is derived for optimal coding mode decision. The major goal here is to design a PRD model to optimize a "motion estimation-free" low-complexity video encoder for applications with resource-limited devices, instead of designing a general-purpose video codec to compete compression performance against current compression standards (e.g., H.264/AVC). Analytic results verify the accuracy of our PRD model, which can provide a theoretical guideline for performance optimization under limited resource constraints. Simulation results on joint RD performance and power consumption (measured in terms of encoding time) demonstrate the applicability of our video coding scheme for WMSNs. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hash Low-complexity video coding Motion estimation Rate-distortion Power-rate-distortion optimization multiview video coding Wireless multimedia sensor networks Low-power and power-aware video coding

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A Depth Based Mode Decision Algorithm for 3D video coding

A Depth Based Mode Decision Algorithm for 3D Video Coding

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9th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing (IIH-MSP)

作者： Dou, Huan Jia, Kebin Beijing Univ Technol Dept Elect Informat & Control Engn Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780769551203

This paper analyzes the relationship between macroblock (MB) modes and depth values in multiview video plus depth (MVD) format, and proposed a depth based mode decision algorithm for 3D video coding. The depth information was utilized to determine the final mode decision process. The experimental results show the proposed algorithm can reduce the complexity of the mode decision process remarkably while maintaining nearly the same rate distortion performance.

关键词： multiview video coding MVD mode decision

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Predictive coding of depth images across multiple views

Predictive coding of depth images across multiple views

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Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XIV

作者： Morvan, Yannick Farin, Dirk de With, Peter H. N. Eindhoven Univ Technol POB 513 NL-5600 MB Eindhoven Netherlands LogicaCMG NL-5605 JB Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9780819466037

A 3D video stream is typically obtained from a set of synchronized cameras, which are simultaneously capturing the same scene (multiview video). This technology enables applications such as free-viewpoint video which allows the viewer to select his preferred viewpoint, or 3D TV where the depth of the scene can be perceived using a special display. Because the user-selected view does not always correspond to a camera position, it may be necessary to synthesize a virtual camera view. To synthesize such a virtual view, we have adopted a depthimage-based rendering technique that employs one depth map for each camera. Consequently, a remote rendering of the 3D video requires a compression technique for texture and depth data. This paper presents a predictive-coding algorithm for the compression of depth images across multiple views. The presented algorithm provides (a) an improved coding efficiency for depth images over block-based motion-compensation encoders (H.264), and (b), a random access to different views for fast rendering. The proposed depth-prediction technique works by synthesizing/computing the depth of 3D points based on the reference depth image. The attractiveness of the depth-prediction algorithm is that the prediction of depth data avoids an independent transmission of depth for each view, while simplifying the view interpolation by synthesizing depth images for arbitrary view points. We present experimental results for several multiview depth sequences, that result in a quality improvement of up to 1.8 dB as compared to H.264 compression.

关键词： multiview video coding 3D video coding view synthesis warping-based ~predictive coding depth

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Panorama video coding for user-driven interactive video application

Panorama video coding for user-driven interactive video appl...

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13th IEEE International Symposium on Consumer Electronics

作者： Kimata, Hideaki Shimizu, Shinya Kunita, Yutaka Isogai, Megumi Ohtani, Yoshimitsu NTT Corp NTT Cyber Space Labs Yokosuka Kanagawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424429752

Panoramic video is efficient for user-driven interactive video application, so as the user can change his/her view angle. To achieve such interactivity, the efficient video coding method which supports high compression efficiency as well as key feature, such as spatially, partial area decoding and smooth change of its position is proposed. In the proposed method, MVC video coding standard is used for compression, and the efficient control method of decoding and rendering of panoramic video is exploited.

关键词： panoramic video interactive application multiview video coding

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Multi-view video coding Based on High Efficiency video coding

Multi-view Video Coding Based on High Efficiency Video Codin...

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5th Pacific-Rim Symposium on video and Image Technology

作者： Oh, Kwan-Jung Lee, Jaejoon Park, Du-Sik Samsung Elect Co Ltd Adv Media Lab Yongin 446712 Gyeonggi Do South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9783642253454

multiview video coding is one of the key techniques to realize the 3D video system. MPEG started a standardization activity on 3DVC (3D video coding) in 2007. 3DVC is based on multiview video coding. MPEG finalized the standard for multiview video coding (MVC) based on H.264/AVC in 2008. However, High Efficiency video coding (HEVC) which is a 2D video coding standard under developing outperforms the MVC although it does not employ interview prediction. Thus, we designed a new multiview video coding method based on HEVC. Interview prediction was added into HEVC and some coding tools were refined to be proper to MVC. The encoded multiple bitstreams are assembled into one bitstream and it is decoded into multiview video at decoder. From experimental results, we confirmed that the proposed MVC based on HEVC is much better than H.264/AVC, MVC, and HEVC. It achieves about 59.95% bit saving compared to JMVC simulcast at the same quality.

关键词： multiview video coding High efficiency video coding HEVC 3D video coding 3DVC

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Bitstream-based correlation detector for multi-view distributed video coding applications

Bitstream-based correlation detector for multi-view distribu...

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33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

作者： Creusere, Charles D. Mecimore, Ivan New Mexico State Univ Klipsch Sch Elect & Comp Engn Las Cruces NM 88003 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424414833

In this paper, we develop a low complexity algorithm for spatial overlap detection and characterization that operates directly on the bitstream of motion-JPEG compressed video. Its low complexity and the fact that it does not require video decoding at the sensor nodes make it well suited to multiview distributed video coding applications for wireless sensor networks.

关键词： distributed video coding multiview video coding bit-domain processing JPEG-based overlap detection sensor network coding morphological filtering

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ASYMMETRIC SPATIAL SCALABILITY IN STEREOSCOPIC video coding

ASYMMETRIC SPATIAL SCALABILITY IN STEREOSCOPIC VIDEO CODING

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3DTV Conference - The True Vision - Capture, Transmission and Display of 3D video (3DTV-CON)

作者： Quan, Junjian Hannuksela, Miska M. Li, Houqiang Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Nokia Res Ctr Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781612841625

Under many viewing circumstances, asymmetric stereoscopic video coding provides similar perceived quality with significant decrease in bitrate, computational complexity, and memory usage compared to conventional stereoscopic video coding. However, in other circumstances, users may prefer conventional symmetric stereoscopic video to asymmetric stereoscopic video. This paper presents a stereoscopic video coding scheme including asymmetric spatial scalability to provide the bitstream adaptation capability to meet heterogeneous network conditions, receiver devices, and user preferences. The spatial scalability property is enabled for the non-base view, and hence the coded bitstream can be decoded as conventional or mixed-resolution stereoscopic video. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms the tested other coding schemes providing the same scalability property by at least 8.2% in terms of average bitrate saving.

关键词： multiview video coding asymmetric stereoscopic video spatial scalability inter-view prediction

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3D video coding - An Overview of Present and Upcoming Standards

3D Video Coding - An Overview of Present and Upcoming Standa...

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Conference on Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP)

作者： Merkle, Philipp Mueller, Karsten Wiegand, Thomas Heinrich Hertz Inst Nachrichtentech Berlin GmbH Fraunhofer Inst Telecommun Berlin Germany Tech Univ Berlin Sch EE & CS Dept Telecommun Syst Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819482341

An overview of existing and upcoming 3D video coding standards is given. Various different 3D video formats are available, each with individual pros and cons. The 3D video formats can be separated into two classes: video-only formats (such as stereo and multiview video) and depth-enhanced formats (such as video plus depth and multiview video plus depth). Since all these formats exist of at least two video sequences and possibly additional depth data, efficient compression is essential for the success of 3D video applications and technologies. For the video-only formats the H.264 family of coding standards already provides efficient and widely established compression algorithms: H.264/AVC simulcast, H.264/AVC stereo SEI message, and H.264/MVC. For the depth-enhanced formats standardized coding algorithms are currently being developed. New and specially adapted coding approaches are necessary, as the depth or disparity information included in these formats has significantly different characteristics than video and is not displayed directly, but used for rendering. Motivated by evolving market needs, MPEG has started an activity to develop a generic 3D video standard within the 3DVC ad-hoc group. Key features of the standard are efficient and flexible compression of depth-enhanced 3D video representations and decoupling of content creation and display requirements.

关键词： 3D video coding 3DTV H.264 standard multiview video coding video plus depth

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Multi-hypothesis Distributed Stereo video coding

Multi-hypothesis Distributed Stereo Video Coding

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15th IEEE International Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP)

作者： Salmistraro, Matteo Zamarin, Marco Forchhammer, Soren Tech Univ Denmark DTU Foton DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9781479901258

Distributed video coding (DVC) is a video coding paradigm that exploits the source statistics at the decoder based on the availability of the Side Information (SI). Stereo sequences are constituted by two views to give the user an illusion of depth. In this paper, we present a DVC decoder for stereo sequences, exploiting an interpolated intra-view SI and two inter-view SIs. The quality of the SI has a major impact on the DVC Rate-Distortion (RD) performance. As the inter-view SIs individually present lower RD performance compared with the intra-view SI, we propose multi-hypothesis decoding for robust fusion and improved performance. Compared with a state-of-the-art single side information solution, the proposed DVC decoder improves the RD performance for all the chosen test sequences by up to 0.8 dB. The proposed multi-hypothesis decoder showed higher robustness compared with other fusion techniques.

关键词： Distributed video coding Stereo video coding multiview video coding Multi-hypothesis

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