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Extreme soil salinity reduces N and P metabolism and related microbial network complexity and community immigration rate

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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2025年第Pt 1期264卷 120361页

作者： Yang, Chao Chen, Yitong Sun, Wenyao Zhang, Qian Diao, Mengmeng Sun, Juan Qingdao Agr Univ Coll Grassland Sci Qingdao 266109 Shandong Peoples R China Qingdao Agr Univ Key Lab Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm Grassland Re Qingdao 266109 Shandong Peoples R China Qingdao Agr Univ Shandong Key Lab Germplasm Innovat Saline Alkaline Qingdao 266109 Shandong Peoples R China

Soil microbiomes are well known to suffer from the effects of rising salinity. There are, however, no current understandings regarding its specific effects on microbial metabolic functions associated with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycling, particularly in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), one of the largest estuaries in the world. This research examined soil microbiomes at 50 sites in the YRD region to analyze their co-occurrence networks and their relationship with N (nitrification, denitrification, dissimilatory, assimilatory, fixation, and mineralization) and P (solubilization, mineralization, transportation, and regulation) metabolism processes. Our findings indicate a notable reduction in soil multifunctionality as salinity levels increase, with Halofilum-ochraceum playing a significant role in nitrification, whereas Bacteroidetes-SB0662-bin-6 helps solubilize inorganic P in highly saline areas. High soil salinity negatively affected the amoA gene involved in nitrification and increased the nosZ gene involved in denitrification in extreme salinity soil with 8.2 g/kg salt content. Extreme salinity significantly reduced the expression of genes involved in inorganic P solubilization, such as ppa and ppx. Additionally, the alkaline P gene phoD exhibited significant decreases in extremely saline soils, thereby impeding the mineralization of organic P. The neutral community models indicated that microbial community immigration rate showed a linear negative relationship with soil EC in the six N and four P processes. Salinization, however, displayed a nonlinear pattern with clearly defined thresholds on the community of microbes involved in N and P cycling. Reduced microbial diversity and interactions are causing a decline in soil multifunctionality, and the soil multifunctionality and network edges jointly limited the microbial community immigration rate involved in N and P cycling. It is crucial to preserve soil microbial functions to support nutrient cycling and

关键词： Extreme salinity Nutrient cycling N and P-cycling genes network complexity Neutral community models Yellow River Delta

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Decoupling of diversity and network complexity of bacterial communities during water quality deterioration

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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES 2025年 155卷 86-95页

作者： Feng, Qiuyue Liu, Yuyan Hu, Kainhing Wang, Guanghui Liu, Zhiquan Han, Yu Li, Wenbing Zhang, Hangjun Wang, Binhao Hangzhou Normal Univ Sch Engn Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China Hangzhou Normal Univ Sch Life & Environm Sci Hangzhou 311121 Peoples R China

Numerous studies have examined the impact of water quality degradation on bacterial community structure, yet insights into its effects on the bacterial ecological networks remain scarce. In this study, we investigated the diversity, composition, assembly patterns, ecological networks, and environmental determinants of bacterial communities across 20 ponds to understand the impact of water quality degradation. Our findings revealed that water quality degradation significantly reduces the alpha-diversity of bacterial communities in water samples, while sediment samples remain unaffected. Additionally, water quality deterioration increases the complexity of bacterial networks in water samples but reduces it in sediment samples. These shifts in bacterial communities were primarily governed by deterministic processes, with heterogeneous selection being particularly influential. Through redundancy analysis (RDA), multiple regression on matrices (MRM), and Mantel tests, we identified dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N), and C/N ratio as key factors affecting the composition and network complexity of bacterial communities in both water and sediment. Overall, this study contributes a novel perspective on the effect of water quality deterioration on microbial ecosystems and provides valuable insights for improving ecological evaluations and biomonitoring practices related to water quality management. (c) 2025 The Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Water quality degradation Bacterial communities network complexity Driving factors

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Responses of soil multifunctionality, microbial diversity, and network complexity to tree species mixing in Eucalyptus plantations

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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 2025年 225卷

作者： He, Yaqin Wen, Yuanguang Li, Kaixiang Ye, Shaoming Zhang, Han He, Fei Fan, Rongyuan Wu, Hao Guangxi Univ Coll Forestry Nanning 530004 Peoples R China Guangxi Univ Guangxi Coll & Univ Key Lab Cultivat & Utilizat Su Coll Forestry Nanning 530004 Peoples R China Guangxi Univ Coll Forestry Guangxi Key Lab Forest Ecol & Conservat Nanning 530004 Peoples R China Guangxi Acad Sci Inst Ecoenvironm Res Nanning 530007 Peoples R China Guangxi Forestry Res Inst Guangxi Key Lab Special Nonwood Forests Cultivat & Nanning 530002 Peoples R China Guangxi Forestry Res Inst Nanning 530002 Peoples R China

Mixed afforestation has the potential to enhance soil biodiversity and sustain multiple ecosystem functions (i.e., multifunctionality). Microbial diversity is essential in supporting soil multifunctionality (SMF) in forest ecosystems. However, the patterns and drivers of SMF and the role of microbial communities in regulating SMF among different stand types remain virtually unknown. Here, an 11-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of mixtures consisting of either one N2-fixing or one non-N2-fixing tree species on SMF and microbial community across Eucalyptus stands. Mixtures with either N2-fixing (0.54) or non-N2-fixing species (0.21) presented higher SMF values than did the pure stand (-0.75). Bacterial alpha diversity and network complexity significantly increased with tree species mixing. Compared with other stand types, mixing of N2fixing species presented greater fungal alpha diversity. Microbial alpha and beta diversity, Proteobacteria, and network complexity were strongly and positively linked with SMF, whereas Chloroflexi was highly negatively related to SMF. Random forest modeling indicated that Chloroflexi, network complexity, and bacterial beta diversity were the primary predictors of SMF. Variance partitioning analysis verified that microbial diversity was a major contributor to SMF, accounting for 31 % of the variance. Piecewise structural equation modeling further revealed that linkages between soil properties, microbiome, and SMF were strongly affected by forest type. Additionally, microbial diversity indirectly and positively impacted SMF by promoting network complexity. Altogether, these findings indicated that mixed afforestation positively affected SMF by facilitating microbial diversity and network complexity. Hence, this research highlights the positive ecological implications of tree species mixing as well as the importance of microbial network complexity and diversity in maintaining SMF, helping to elucidate the mechanis

关键词： Mixed-species plantations Soil multifunctionality Microbial diversity network complexity Biodiversity-soil multifunctionality linkages

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Trends in alpha diversity, community composition, and network complexity of rare, intermediate, and abundant bacterial taxa along a latitudinal gradient and their impact on ecosystem multifunctionality

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FOREST ECOSYSTEMS 2025年 13卷

作者： Tang, Rong Li, Shuaifeng Huang, Xiaobo Zhang, Rui Li, Cong Su, Jianrong Chinese Acad Forestry Inst Highland Forest Sci Kunming 650233 Peoples R China Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm Puer Forest Ecosyst Res Stn Kunming 650233 Peoples R China Puer Forest Ecosyst Observat & Res Stn Yunnan Prov Puer 665000 Yunnan Peoples R China Nanjing Forestry Univ Nanjing 210037 Peoples R China

Soil microbial communities are key factors in maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality (EMF). However, the distribution patterns of bacterial diversity and how the different bacterial taxa and their diversity dimensions affect EMF remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated variation in three measures of diversity (alpha diversity, community composition and network complexity) among rare, intermediate, and abundant taxa across a latitudinal gradient spanning five forest plots in Yunnan Province, China and examined their contributions on EMF. We aimed to characterize the diversity distributions of bacterial groups across latitudes and to assess the differences in the mechanisms underlying their contributions to EMF. We found that multifaceted diversity (i.e., diversity assessed by the three different metrics) of rare, intermediate, and abundant bacteria generally decreased with increasing latitude. More importantly, we found that rare bacterial taxa tended to be more diverse, but they contributed less to EMF than intermediate or abundant bacteria. Among the three dimensions of diversity we assessed, only community composition significantly affected EMF across all locations, while alpha diversity had a negative effect, and network complexity showed no significant impact. Our study further emphasizes the importance of intermediate and abundant bacterial taxa as well as community composition to EMF and provides a theoretical basis for investigating the mechanisms by which belowground microorganisms drive EMF along a latitudinal gradient.

关键词： Bacteria Ecosystem multifunctionality Alpha diversity Community composition network complexity Latitudinal gradient

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The interactive effects of shrub and aridity affect co-occurrence network complexity and stability of soil bacterial communities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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CATENA 2025年 249卷

作者： Xia, Wanyu Cui, Hanwen Chen, Jingwei Liu, Xuanchen Ali, Izhar Zhang, Anning Zhao, Xia Song, Hongxian Jiang, Xiaoxuan Wang, Jiajia Yang, Zi Liu, Ziyang An, Lizhe Xiao, Sa Chen, Shuyan Lanzhou Univ Sch Life Sci Key Lab Gene Editing Breeding Key Lab Gene Editing BreedingMinist Educ Tianshui Rd 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Peoples R China Lanzhou Univ Coll Ecol State Key Lab Herbage Improvement & Grassland Agro Tianshui Rd 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Peoples R China Beijing Forestry Univ State Key Lab Efficient Prod Forest Resources Beijing 100000 Peoples R China

Understanding the properties of soil bacterial co-occurrence networks is critical for predicting ecosystem responses to climate change. While changes in aridity gradients and shrub expansion are known to affect soil bacterial communities and the properties of co-occurrence networks, the interactive effects of shrub expansion and aridity on these properties remain poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the interactive effects of shrub expansion and aridity on the complexity and stability of soil bacterial co-occurrence networks on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). We collected soil samples from open spaces and beneath shrubs along an aridity gradient and analyzed soil bacterial communities using an Illumina MiSeq. Shrubs significantly increased bacterial Shannon index, altered the community composition. Moreover, the shrubs significantly influenced bacterial richness trends along the aridity gradient. In soil without shrubs, bacterial richness increased with increasing aridity gradient. However, in soil with shrubs, bacterial richness decreased with increasing aridity gradient. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that shrubs decreased network complexity, but increased the negative cohesion. Importantly, these effects are strongly moderated by aridity. As aridity increased, the positive impact of shrubs on network complexity reversed, while their stabilizing effect was amplified. The piecewise structural equation modeling indicated that shrubs had a direct positive effect on network complexity and an indirect positive effect on network stability via soil water content. However, the interactive effects of shrubs and aridity had direct and indirect negative effects on network complexity through ammonium nitrogen content. In short, shrub expansion on the QTP significantly alters soil bacterial community composition and diversity, enhancing network stability but reducing complexity under increased aridity. These findings contribute to our understanding o

关键词： Bacterial diversity Shrub expansion Co-occurrence network network stability network complexity Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Soil microbial network complexity predicts soil multifunctionality better than soil microbial diversity during grassland-farmland-shrubland conversion on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 2025年 379卷

作者： Xiao, Yuanming Wang, Juan Wang, Bo Fan, Bo Zhou, Guoying Chinese Acad Sci Northwest Inst Plateau Biol Xining 810008 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Tibetan Med Res Xining 810008 Peoples R China Qinghai Univ Coll Agr & Anim Husb Xining 810016 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Land-use changes have widespread impacts on terrestrial ecosystems. However, few studies have focused on the responses of soil environmental factors, soil microbial properties, and links between primary productivity, soil microbes, and soil multifunctionality during land-use change in the ecologically sensitive alpine areas on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we evaluated the effects of land-use changes from alpine grassland to farmland to shrubland on soil factors and soil microbial characteristics and investigated the associations between aboveground biomass, soil microbial diversity, network complexity, and soil multifunctionality in the Qinghai Lake Basin. The results showed that soil environmental factors and microbial community composition exhibited patterns of gradual recovery toward natural grassland along with the conversion of farmland to shrubland, and soil phosphorus content played a regulatory role in soil microbial restoration along with the conversion of landuse. Furthermore, we found that the recovery of soil microbial co-occurrence network complexity would require a longer time than that of microbial community composition and functional taxa after the conversion of farmland to shrubland. Importantly, we showed that network complexity is an important microbial property mediating the association between primary productivity and soil multifunctionality during land-use changes. These findings address the gap in our understanding of farmland during land-use change surrounding saltwater lake habitats, with great significance for broadening our understanding of land-use change and promoting the development of restoration decisions for alpine ecosystems worldwide.

关键词： Land-use change Farmland Shrubland network complexity Soil multifunctionality Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Soil-aged microplastics exhibit stronger effects than air- and rainwater-aged ones on the network complexity and assembly process of soil microbial community

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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2025年第2期13卷

作者： Fu, Faying Wang, Shu Zhang, Xinran Xia, Yu Deng, Hui Zhao, Yuanyuan Zhang, Ying Ge, Chengjun Hainan Univ Sch Environm Sci & Engn Key Lab Agroforestry Environm Proc & Ecol Regulat Haikou 570228 Peoples R China Hainan Univ Key Lab Environm Toxicol Haikou 570228 Peoples R China

Divergence in aging characteristics of plastic mulching film (PMF)-derived microplastics (MPs) exposure to air, rainwater and soil and their effects on soil microbial community characteristics were investigated in this work. During the application, soil contributed more to the aging of PMF than air and rainwater, which was linked with the attachment of soil particles and abundant microbes in the soil. As expected, after entering the soil, natural-aged PMF-derived MPs exhibited more significant erosion features than the pristine ones. Meanwhile, the addition of these natural-aged MPs enhanced the network complexity of soil bacterial communities, and the effect followed in an order of soil-aged MPs > air-aged MPs > rainwater-aged MPs > the pristine ones. Bacterial community assembly was predominantly governed by stochastic processes rather than deterministic ones. Among these MPs treatments, the addition of soil-aged MPs increased the proportion of stochastic processes, which concurred with a more complex microbial community network in soil added with soil-aged MPs. Overall, the response of microbial community characteristics to PMF-derived MPs was related to the changes in their surface roughness. This work could provide new insights into the impacts of PMF-derived MPs on soil ecosystems from the microbial ecology perspective.

关键词： Natural-aged microplastics Soil microbial community network complexity Assembly process Metabolic activities

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Conservation tillage regulates the influence of drought on multitrophic network complexity and improves soil multifunctionality

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APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY 2025年 207卷

作者： Ma, Ling Zhou, Guixiang Chen, Lin Jia, Zhongjun Zou, Hongtao Zhang, Congzhi Ma, Donghao Han, Changdong Zhang, Jiabao Chinese Acad Sci Inst Soil Sci State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr Fengqiu Expt Stn Natl Ecosyst Res Network China Nanjing 211135 Peoples R China Shenyang Agr Univ Coll Land & Environm Natl Engn Res Ctr Efficient Utilizat Soil & Fertil Key Lab Arable Land Conservat Northeast ChinaMini Shenyang 110866 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol Changchun 130102 Peoples R China

Global climate change is leading to increasingly severe droughts, which affect not only microbial communities but also the maintenance and stability of terrestrial ecosystem functions and services. In agricultural ecosystems, conservation tillage can improve the traits of soil microbial communities and increase soil nutrients. However, our understanding of whether conservation tillage helps plants cope with drought stress to improve soil function through regulation by microbial communities remains limited. In this study, we investigated the effects of constant moisture and drought and rewetting on the diversity, structure, and co-occurrence networks of microbial communities and their functional potential, as well as their relationships with soil multifunctionality, via the use of soil samples from long-term conservation tillage and traditional tillage. These results indicated that drought and rewetting did not significantly affect the alpha-diversity of the soil microbial communities. Compared with traditional tillage, conservation tillage significantly increased ecosystem multifunctionality and network complexity. However, drought and rewetting significantly reduced the abundance of most functional genes associated with soil multinutrient cycling. Moreover, drought and rewetting diminished the influence of biodiversity on multifunctionality, whereas network complexity consistently emerged as the critical factor regulating multifunctionality under varying soil moisture conditions. Overall, this study provides new evidence that conservation tillage plays a beneficial role in mitigating the impacts of water stress on the belowground micro-food web and agroecosystem functions. Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating soil multitrophic microbial coexistence patterns into the assessment of ecosystem functions and services in the context of global climate change.

关键词： Drought and rewetting Ecosystem multifunctionality Conservation tillage network complexity

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Soil microbial network complexity predicts ecosystem function along elevation gradients on the Tibetan Plateau

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SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY 2022年 172卷

作者： Chen, Wenqing Wang, Jianyu Chen, Xiang Meng, Zexin Xu, Ran Duoji, Dunzhu Zhang, Junhong He, Jia Wang, Zhengang Chen, Jun Liu, Kaixi Hu, Tianming Zhang, Yingjun Northwest A&F Univ Coll Grassland Agr Yangling 712100 Shaanxi Peoples R China Inner Mongolia M Grass Ecol & Environm Grp Co Ltd Hohhot 010000 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Human Settlements & Civil Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China Tibet Acad Agr & Anim Husb Inst Grassland Sci Lhasa 850000 Tibet Peoples R China China Environm Protect Fdn Beijing 100062 Peoples R China China Agr Univ Coll Grassland Sci & Technol Dept Grassland Resource & Ecol Beijing 100193 Peoples R China

The contributions of soil microbial diversity for the multifunctionality of ecosystem functions remain little understood despite the well-known importance of soil microbial communities for regulating many ecosystem functions. Existing studies have typically focused on the role of univariate diversity or composition metrics, while ignoring that ecosystem processes are carried out via complex webs of co-occurrence networks among microbiome members. Here, the relationships of soil microbial diversity and network complexity (reflected by linkage density of inferred co-occurrence patterns) with multiple types of ecosystem functions (ecosystem multifunctionality) were assessed along a multi-elevation gradient (3755-5120 m) on the Tibetan Plateau. These functions included a suite of 18 variables related to soil nutrient status, soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous cycles, plant growth, mitigation of greenhouse gases, and control of potential fungal plant pathogens in soils. The findings showed that the diversity, network complexity of both bacterial and fungal communities, as well as ecosystem multifunctionality significantly declined with increasing elevation. Although significant linear positive relationships were identified between diversity, network complexity of both microbial communities, and ecosystem multifunctionality, the relationships of network complexity had more positive relationships and explained more variance than diversity. These relationships remained robust when the confounding multifunctionality drivers (i.e., climatic, soil, and biotic factors) were simultaneously accounted for and when multiple multifunctionality approaches (i.e., multiple single functions, average multifunctionality, multithreshold, and multidimensional functions) were used. Further analysis showed that microbial diversity effects on multifunctionality were indirectly driven by microbial network complexity. This explicit empirical evidence shows that microbial network complexity e

关键词： Soil microbiome Microbial diversity Co-occurrence networks network complexity Ecosystem multifunctionality

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Burrowing-mammal-induced enhanced soil multifunctionality is associated with higher microbial network complexity in alpine meadows

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GEODERMA 2024年 443卷

作者： Wang, Wancai Zhang, Lu Liao, Lirong Yan, Wende Farooq, Taimoor Hassan Wang, Xiangtao Northwest A&F Univ State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess Pl Yangling 712100 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci & Minist Water Resources Inst Soil & Water Conservat Yangling 712100 Peoples R China Tibet Agr & Anim Husb Univ Qiangtang Alpine Grassland Ecosyst Res Stn Jointly Nyingchi 860000 Peoples R China Guizhou Normal Univ Sch Life Sci Guiyang 550025 Peoples R China Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol Natl Engn Lab Appl Technol Forestry & Ecol South C Changsha 410004 Peoples R China Nanshan Natl Stn Sci Observat & Res Grassland Ecos Shaoyang 422500 Peoples R China

The Plateau pika, a native burrowing mammal in alpine ecosystems, induces significant alterations in both the diversity and functions of the above-ground plant community;however, their effects on the below-ground soil microbial community and its multifunctionality remain unclear. Here, we examined the impact of plateau pika disturbance on soil microbial diversity, composition, and network patterns and assessed the relationships of this microbial response with soil multifunctionality, including soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling, based on a field investigation of alpine grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Results showed that as the distance from the pika holes decreased, moisture, soil organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon, and C:N ratios significantly decreased, while available potassium and phosphorus, nitrate contents, and soil multifunctionality increased. Pika disturbance increased soil bacterial and fungal diversity (e.g., Chao estimator, richness, and Shannon index), and altered the community composition, with a higher relative abundance of Actinobacterial and a lower relative abundance of Acidobacterial in disturbed habitats than in undisturbed habitats. The bacterial and fungal network complexity (including the node and edge numbers, linkage density, and average clustering coefficient) increased as the distance from the pika holes decreased. network complexity explained most variations of soil multifunctionality, although there were significant linear positive relationships between microbial diversity, network complexity, and soil multifunctionality. These results indicated that plateau pika activity benefits the below-ground community diversity and soil multifunctionality of alpine grassland. This highlights the importance of microbial network complexity in linking the microbial community with soil multifunctionality.

关键词： Plateau pika Disturbed habitats Microbial diversity network complexity Soil multifunctionality

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