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network-adaptive low-latency video communication over best-effort networks

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS FOR video TECHNOLOGY 2006年第1期16卷 72-81页

作者： Liang, YJ Girod, B Qualcomm CDMA Technol San Diego CA 92121 USA Stanford Univ Dept Elect Engn Stanford CA 94305 USA

The quality of service limitation of today's best-effort networks poses major challenge for low-latency video communication. To combat network losses for real-time and on-demand video communication, which exhibits stronger dependency across packets, a network-adaptive coding scheme is employed to dynamically manage the packet dependency using optimal reference picture selection. The selection of the reference is achieved within a rate-distortion optimization framework and is adapted to the varying network conditions. For network-adaptive streaming of prestored videos based on an accurate loss-distortion model, a prescient scheme that optimizes the dependency of a group of packets is proposed to achieve global optimality as well as improved rate-distortion performance. With the improved trade-off between compression efficiency and error resilience, the proposed system does not require retransmission of lost packets, which makes less than one-second low-latency communication possible.

关键词： error resilience H.264 low latency network-adaptive video coding rate-distortion optimization reference picture selection video streaming

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Bayesian traffic dynamics and packet loss prediction for video over IP networks

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MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS 2006年第5期11卷 468-479页

作者： Backhouse, Andrew Gu, Irene Y. H. Chalmers Univ Technol Dept Signals & Syst S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

Designing good network-adaptive, error resilient video coders for IP networks is a challenging task. video data packets can be lost as a consequence of congestion in the network, causing a degradation in video quality at the receiver side. Predicting the packet loss probability is therefore an important step in the design of an efficient network-adaptive video coder. In this paper, we present a novel Bayesian-based approach that can dynamically predict the instantaneous packet loss probability as well as estimate the probability distribution of the cross-traffic rate. The method utilises observed losses and end-to-end measurements of the packet delays to predict the time-varying cross-traffic rate in the network. The posterior probability for the cross-traffic rate is established by using the Bayes formulation. To obtain this, the probability of delays conditioned on the cross-traffic are derived by decomposing the delays with a multi-scale wavelet transform. The probability of the observed losses conditioned on the cross-traffic are derived by studying the queueing properties in the network. The predicted packet loss probability is then derived from the posteriori distribution of the cross-traffic rate and the expected queueing behaviour. An algorithm for obtaining the numerical solution is also given. Two sets of simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The first set is designed to test the performance of the proposed Bayesian method for dynamically predicting the packet loss probabilities. The results of the predicted packet loss probabilities are then compared with the ground truth of packet loss values for three different network traffic generators. In the 2nd set of simulations, the proposed method and the two-state Markov model are incorporated separately into a network-adaptive video codec whose coding rate is adapted to the predicted packet loss probabilities. The reconstructed videos using these two methods are the

关键词： packet loss prediction Bayes estimation IP network modeling packet delay network-adaptive video coding

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Bayesian traffic dynamics and packet loss prediction for video over IP networks

Bayesian traffic dynamics and packet loss prediction for vid...

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6th IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia Software Engineering

作者： Backhouse, Andrew Gu, Irene Y. H. Chalmers Univ Technol Dept Signals & Syst S-41296 Gothenburg Sweden

关键词： packet loss prediction Bayes estimation IP network modeling packet delay network-adaptive video coding

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network-adaptive video communication using packet path diversity and rate-distortion optimized reference picture selection

Network-adaptive video communication using packet path diver...

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5th IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing (MMSP 2002)

作者： Liang, YJ Setton, E Girod, B Stanford Univ Dept Elect Engn Informat Syst Lab Stanford CA 94305 USA

In this paper, we present error-resilient Internet video transmission using path diversity and rate-distortion optimized reference picture selection. Under this scheme, the optimal packet dependency is determined adapting to network characteristics and video content, to achieve a better trade-off between coding efficiency and forming independent streams to increase error-resilience. The optimization is achieved within a rate-distortion framework, so that the expected end-to-end distortion is minimized under the given rate constraint. The expected distortion is calculated based on an accurate binary tree modeling with the effects of channel loss and error concealment taken into account. With the aid of active probing, packets are sent across multiple available paths according to a transmission policy which takes advantage of path diversity and seeks to minimize the loss rate. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed scheme provides significant diversity gain, as well as gains over video redundancy coding and the NACK mode of conventional reference picture selection.

关键词： Path diversity network-adaptive video coding error-resilient video coding source-channel coding reference picture selection low-latency rate-distortion optimization video streaming

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