检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

A context-free data compression approach to measuring information transmission by action potentials

BIOSYSTEMS 2003年第1期69卷 55-61页

作者： French, AS Höger, U Sekizawa, S Torkkeli, PH Dalhousie Univ Dept Physiol & Biophys Halifax NS B3H 4H7 Canada

Action potentials allow nervous systems to transmit information rapidly and efficiently over considerable distances, but what is information they carry and how much can be carried by one neuron? Often, qualitative and vague descriptions are used, such as the firing rate representing intensity. Recent attempts to quantify information transmission by action potentials have concentrated on treating neurons as communication channels, whose information capacity can be estimated from their signal-to-noise ratios. However, this only indicates how much information could theoretically be carried, not the actual amount at any given time, and the ratio itself depends on assumptions about information coding. Here we introduce a different approach based on the concept of data compression, which has become familiar with the widespread use of digital computers and networks. Compression takes advantage of redundancy in a sequence of numbers to reduce its size, but allows it to be reconstructed later without error. We show that data compression by a context-free grammar can quantitatively estimate the real information content of action potential signals without any prior assumptions about coding, or knowledge of neural inputs. Measurements of information coding by mcchanosensory neurons are used as examples, but a major advantage of this approach is its generality. It can estimate information transmission by any neuron whose output can be measured, regardless of neuronal type, connectivity or function. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： neural coding mechanoreceptor information content information capacity signal-to-noise ratio context-free grammar

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Population coding in spike trains of simultaneously recorded retinal ganglion cells

引用

BRAIN RESEARCH 2000年第1期887卷 222-229页

作者： Fernández, E Ferrandez, JM Ammermüller, J Normann, RA Univ Miguel Hernandez Fac Med Dept Histol Alicante 03550 Spain Univ Miguel Hernandez Fac Med Inst Bioengn Alicante 03550 Spain Univ Oldenburg Dept Biol D-2900 Oldenburg Germany Univ Utah Dept Bioengn Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA

To achieve a better understanding of the parallel information processing that takes place in the nervous system, many researchers have recently begun to use multielectrode techniques to obtain high spatial- and temporal-resolution recordings of the firing patterns of neural ensembles. Apart from the complexities of acquiring and storing single unit responses from large numbers of neurons, the multielectrode technique has provided new challenges in the analysis of the responses from many simultaneously recorded neurons. This paper provides insights into the problem of coding/decoding of retinal images by ensembles of retinal ganglion cells. We have simultaneously recorded the responses of 15 ganglion cells to visual stimuli of various intensities and wavelengths and analyzed the data using discriminant analysis. Models of stimulus encoding were generated and discriminant analysis used to estimate the wavelength and intensity of the stimuli. We find that the ganglion cells we have recorded from are non-redundant encoders of these stimulus features. While single ganglion cells are poor classifiers of the stimulus parameters, examination of the responses of only a few ganglion cells greatly enhances our ability to specify the stimulus wavelength and intensity. Of the parameters studied, we find that the rate of firing of the ganglion cells provides the most information about these stimulus parameters, while the timing of the first action potential provides almost as much information. While we are not suggesting that the brain is using these variables, our results show how a population of sensory neurons can encode stimulus features and suggest that the brain could potentially deduce reliable information about stimulus features from response patterns of retinal ganglion cell populations. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： neural coding visual system retina neural ensembles discriminant analysis multineuronal recording

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Darwinian computation with a functional map of the auditory cortex

引用

ACOUSTICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020年第1期41卷 39-47页

作者： Takahashi, Hirokazu Univ Tokyo Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Dept Mechanoinformat Bunkyo Ku 7-3-1 Hongo Tokyo 1138656 Japan Univ Tokyo Res Ctr Adv Sci & Technol Meguro Ku 4-6-1 Komaba Tokyo 1538904 Japan

Place codes of frequency, or tonotopic maps, are commonly found in the auditory pathway, from the cochlea to the auditory cortex, and thus, are believed to play substantial roles in auditory computation. In contrast, in the auditory cortex, tonotopic activation is clearly observed at the onset responses within 50-ms post-stimulus latency but rapidly decays to long-lasting suboptimal stimuli, suggesting that neural representation is made beyond the tonotopic map. We recently demonstrated in the rat auditory cortex that the degree of response variance is closely correlated with the size of its representational area, suggesting that place coding is an effective strategy to generate diverse response properties within a neural population. We also demonstrated long-lasting sound-induced steady-state local synchrony within the auditory cortex, where neural representation might be made in a different manner from transient tonotopic activation at stimulus onset. These results support the idea of Darwinian computation, where the tonotopic map effectively creates a response variance, while the steady-state synchrony gradually selects the neural population beyond the tonotopic map.

关键词： Auditory cortex neural coding Microelectrode Rat

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Ventral pallidal neurons code incentive motivation:: amplification by mesolimbic sensitization and amphetamine

引用

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE 2005年第10期22卷 2617-2634页

作者： Tindell, AJ Berridge, KC Zhang, J Peciña, S Aldridge, JW Univ Michigan Dept Psychol Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Univ Michigan Sch Med Dept Neurol Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

Neurons in ventral pallidum fire to reward and its predictive cues. We tested mesolimbic activation effects on neural reward coding. Rats learned that a Pavlovian conditioned stimulus (CS+1 tone) predicted a second conditioned stimulus (CS+2 feeder click) followed by an unconditioned stimulus (UCS sucrose reward). Some rats were sensitized to amphetamine after training. Electrophysiological activity of ventral pallidal neurons to stimuli was later recorded under the influence of vehicle or acute amphetamine injection. Both sensitization and acute amphetamine increased ventral pallidum firing at CS+2 (population code and rate code). There were no changes at CS+1 and minimal changes to UCS. With a new 'Profile Analysis', we show that mesolimbic activation by sensitization/amphetamine incrementally shifted neuronal firing profiles away from prediction signal coding (maximal at CS+1) and toward incentive coding (maximal at CS+2), without changing hedonic impact coding (maximal at UCS). This pattern suggests mesolimbic activation specifically amplifies a motivational transform of CS+ predictive information into incentive salience coded by ventral pallidal neurons. Our results support incentive-sensitization predictions and suggest why cues temporally proximal to drug presentation may precipitate cue-triggered relapse in human addicts.

关键词： addiction amphetamine sensitization incentive salience neural coding single-unit activity Sprague-Dawley rat

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Sensory computations in the cuneate nucleus of macaques

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2021年第49期118卷 1-9页

作者： Suresh, Aneesha K. Greenspon, Charles M. He, Qinpu Rosenow, Joshua M. Miller, Lee E. Bensmaia, Sliman J. Univ Chicago Comm Computat Neurosci Chicago IL 60637 USA Univ Chicago Dept Organismal Biol & Anat Chicago IL 60637 USA Northwestern Univ Feinberg Sch Med Dept Neurol Surg Chicago IL 60611 USA Northwestern Univ Feinberg Sch Med Dept Physiol Chicago IL 60611 USA Northwestern Univ Feinberg Sch Med Dept Phys Med & Rehabil Chicago IL 60611 USA Northwestern Univ McCormick Sch Engn Dept Biomed Engn Evanston IL 60208 USA Shirley Ryan AbilityLab Chicago IL 60611 USA Univ Chicago Grossman Inst Neurosci Quantitat Biol & Human Beh Chicago IL 60637 USA

Tactile nerve fibers fall into a few classes that can be readily distinguished based on their spatiotemporal response properties. Because nerve fibers reflect local skin deformations, they individually carry ambiguous signals about object features. In contrast, cortical neurons exhibit heterogeneous response properties that reflect computations applied to convergent input from multiple classes of afferents, which confer to them a selectivity for behaviorally relevant features of objects. The conventional view is that these complex response properties arise within the cortex itself, implying that sensory signals are not processed to any significant extent in the two intervening structures-the cuneate nucleus (CN) and the thalamus. To test this hypothesis, we recorded the responses evoked in the CN to a battery of stimuli that have been extensively used to characterize tactile coding in both the periphery and cortex, including skin indentations, vibrations, random dot patterns, and scanned edges. We found that CN responses are more similar to their cortical counterparts than they are to their inputs: CN neurons receive input from multiple classes of nerve fibers, they have spatially complex receptive fields, and they exhibit selectivity for object features. Contrary to consensus, then, the CN plays a key role in processing tactile information.

关键词： touch neural coding receptive fields vibration integration

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Retinal prosthetic strategy with the capacity to restore normal vision

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2012年第37期109卷 15012-15017页

作者： Nirenberg, Sheila Pandarinath, Chethan Cornell Univ Weill Med Coll Dept Physiol & Biophys New York NY 10065 USA

Retinal prosthetics offer hope for patients with retinal degenerative diseases. There are 20-25 million people worldwide who are blind or facing blindness due to these diseases, and they have few treatment options. Drug therapies are able to help a small fraction of the population, but for the vast majority, their best hope is through prosthetic devices [reviewed in Chader et al. (2009) Prog Brain Res 175:317-332]. Current prosthetics, however, are still very limited in the vision that they provide: for example, they allow for perception of spots of light and high-contrast edges, but not natural images. Efforts to improve prosthetic capabilities have focused largely on increasing the resolution of the device's stimulators (either electrodes or optogenetic transducers). Here, we show that a second factor is also critical: driving the stimulators with the retina's neural code. Using the mouse as a model system, we generated a prosthetic system that incorporates the code. This dramatically increased the system's capabilities-well beyond what can be achieved just by increasing resolution. Furthermore, the results show, using 9,800 optogenetically stimulated ganglion cell responses, that the combined effect of using the code and high-resolution stimulation is able to bring prosthetic capabilities into the realm of normal image representation.

关键词： neural prosthetic retinal degeneration vision restoration neural coding macular degeneration

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

引用

FRONTIERS IN COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE 2014年第AUG期8卷 102页

作者： Rosenbaum, Robert Tchumatchenko, Tatjana Moreno-Bote, Ruben Univ Notre Dame Dept Appl & Computat Math & Stat Notre Dame IN 46556 USA Ctr Neural Basis Cognit Pittsburgh PA USA Max Planck Inst Brain Res Dept Theory Neural Dynam Frankfurt Germany Parc Sanitari St Joan de Deu Res Unit Barcelona Spain Univ Barcelona Barcelona Spain Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERSAM Barcelona Spain

Correlated and synchronous activity in populations of neurons has been observed in many brain regions and has been shown to play a crucial role in cortical coding, attention, and network dynamics (Singer and Gray, 1995; Salinas and Sejnowski, 2001). Bird and Richardson (2014) study the interaction between long term plasticity, synaptic vesicle depletion at multiple release sites and presynaptic spiking correlations. The authors put forward a unified framework for the generation of pairwise correlations in recurrent networks and hypothesize that many different single model neurons, when coupled to a network, may generate the same pairwise correlation structures. In a theoretical work presented in this Research Topic, Finger and Koenig (2014) took an important step forward by showing that binding of features in natural images can be mediated by phase synchronization in a network of neural oscillators.

关键词： neuronal correlations neural synchrony neural coding spike train analysis neuronal networks noise correlation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Optimal information transmission in nonlinear arrays through suprathreshold stochastic resonance

引用

PHYSICS LETTERS A 2006年第3期352卷 183-189页

作者： McDonnell, MD Stocks, NG Pearce, CEM Abbott, D Univ Adelaide Sch Elect & Elect Engn Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Univ Adelaide CBME Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Univ Warwick Sch Engn Coventry CV4 7AL W Midlands England Univ Adelaide Sch Math Sci Adelaide SA 5005 Australia

We examine the optimal threshold distribution in populations of noisy threshold devices. When the noise on each threshold is independent, and sufficiently large. the optimal thresholds are realized by the suprathreshold stochastic resonance effect, in which case all threshold devices are identical. This result has relevance for neural population coding, as such noisy threshold devices model the key dynamics of nerve fibres. It is also relevant to quantization and lossy source coding theory, since the model provides a form of stochastic signal quantization. Furthermore, it is shown that a bifurcation pattern appears in the optimal threshold distribution as the noise intensity increases. Fisher information is used to demonstrate that the optimal threshold distribution remains in the suprathreshold stochastic resonance configuration as the population size approaches infinity. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： information theory neural coding suprathreshold stochastic resonance quantization optimal quantization population coding bifurcations point density function

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Dynamics of information and emergent computation in generic neural microcircuit models

引用

neural NETWORKS 2005年第10期18卷 1301-1308页

作者： Natschläger, T Maass, W Graz Univ Technol Inst Theoret Comp Sci A-8010 Graz Austria

Numerous methods have already been developed to estimate the information contained in single spike trains. In this article we explore efficient methods for estimating the information contained in the simultaneous firing activity of hundreds of neurons. Obviously such methods are needed to analyze data from multi-unit recordings. We test these methods on generic neural microcircuit models consisting of 800 neurons, and analyze the temporal dynamics of information about preceding spike inputs in such circuits. It turns out that information spreads with high speed in Such generic neural microcircuit models, thereby supporting-without the postulation of any additional neural or synaptic mechanisms-the possibility of ultra-rapid computations on the first input spikes. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： neural microcircuit spiking neurons information theoretic methods neural coding computational power dynamic synapses linear regression Bayesian classifier

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Auditory information coding by modeled cochlear nucleus neurons

引用

JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE 2011年第3期30卷 529-542页

作者： Wang, Huan Isik, Michael Borst, Alexander Hemmert, Werner Tech Univ Munich Inst Med Engn D-85748 Garching Germany Infineon Technol AG Neubiberg Germany Max Plank Inst Neurobiol Munich Germany Bernstein Ctr Computat Neurosci Munich Germany

In this paper we use information theory to quantify the information in the output spike trains of modeled cochlear nucleus globular bushy cells (GBCs). GBCs are part of the sound localization pathway. They are known for their precise temporal processing, and they code amplitude modulations with high fidelity. Here we investigated the information transmission for a natural sound, a recorded vowel. We conclude that the maximum information transmission rate for a single neuron was close to 1,050 bits/s, which corresponds to a value of approximately 5.8 bits per spike. For quasi-periodic signals like voiced speech, the transmitted information saturated as word duration increased. In general, approximately 80% of the available information from the spike trains was transmitted within about 20 ms. Transmitted information for speech signals concentrated around formant frequency regions. The efficiency of neural coding was above 60% up to the highest temporal resolution we investigated (20 mu s). The increase in transmitted information to that precision indicates that these neurons are able to code information with extremely high fidelity, which is required for sound localization. On the other hand, only 20% of the information was captured when the temporal resolution was reduced to 4 ms. As the temporal resolution of most speech recognition systems is limited to less than 10 ms, this massive information loss might be one of the reasons which are responsible for the lack of noise robustness of these systems.

关键词： Onset neuron Information theory neural coding Automatic speech recognition Temporal resolution

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：