检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Successful choice behavior is associated with distinct and coherent network states in anterior cingulate cortex

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2008年第33期105卷 11963-11968页

作者： Lapish, Christopher C. Durstewitz, Daniel Chandler, L. Judson Seamans, Jeremy K. Univ Plymouth Ctr Theoret & Computat Neurosci Vancouver BC PL4 8AA Canada Med Univ S Carolina Dept Neurosci Charleston SC 29425 USA Univ British Columbia Dept Psychiat Vancouver BC V6T 2BS Canada Univ British Columbia Brain Res Ctr Vancouver BC V6T 2BS Canada

Successful decision making requires an ability to monitor contexts, actions, and outcomes. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is thought to be critical for these functions, monitoring and guiding decisions especially in challenging situations involving conflict and errors. A number of different single-unit correlates have been observed in the ACC that reflect the diverse cognitive components involved. Yet how ACC neurons function as an integrated network is poorly understood. Here we show, using advanced population analysis of multiple single-unit recordings from the rat ACC during performance of an ecologically valid decision-making task, that ensembles of neurons move through different coherent and dissociable states as the cognitive requirements of the task change. This organization into distinct network patterns with respect to both firing-rate changes and correlations among units broke down during trials with numerous behavioral errors, especially at choice points of the task. These results point to an underlying functional organization into cell assemblies in the ACC that may monitor choices, outcomes, and task contexts, thus tracking the animal's progression through "task space."

关键词： cell assemblies decision making multiple single-unit recordings neural coding population analysis

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evolutionary origins and principles of distributed neural computation for state estimation and movement control in vertebrates

引用

COMPLEXITY 2005年第3期10卷 56-65页

作者： Paulin, MG Univ Otago Dept Zool Dunedin New Zealand Univ Otago Ctr Neurosci Dunedin New Zealand

Vertebrates are mostly large, agile creatures that can move rapidly and efficiently despite the significant inertial and interaction forces that are generated when they move. Vertebrates appear in the fossil record in the lower Cambrian, when predation began to apply selection pressure for increased size and, consequently, increased inertia. Agility depends critically upon the cerebellum, a brain structure that appears to have evolved as an elaboration of the vestibular and lateral-line sensory processing regions in brains of aquatic ancestors. There is compelling evidence to suggest that the specific role of the cerebellum in motor control (etc) is state estimation. Analysis of responses of vestibular neurons in bullfrogs shows that these neurons have fractional-order dynamics. Because of this property, the vestibular nerve forms a map of the state space of the animal's head, and individual action potentials can be regarded as assertions about the location of the head in that space. This view of vestibular coding suggests an analogy with particle filters, a new simulation-based method for state estimation. In a particle filter the distribution of possible states consistent with observations is represented by a cloud of "particles" in a map of the state space. By regarding action potentials as particles in neural state estimators, we may develop a realistic model of neural computation in the cerebellum. At the same time-and independently of the biological verisimilitude of such a cerebellar model-we may develop useful new algorithms for state estimation. (c) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： cerebellum agility fractional order calculus vestibular spike train neural coding

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The medial prefrontal cortex leaves the hippocampus when it prepares for the future

引用

SCIENCE PROGRESS 2024年第2期107卷 368504241261833页

作者： Sun, Yixiong Takehara-Nishiuchi, Kaori Univ Toronto Dept Cell & Syst Biol Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Psychol Sidney Smith Hall Room 4007100 St George St Toronto ON M5S 3G3 Canada Univ Toronto Collaborat Program Neurosci Toronto ON Canada

Our memories help us plan for the future. In some cases, we use memories to repeat the choices that led to preferable outcomes in the past. The success of these memory-guided decisions depends on close interactions between the hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex. In other cases, we need to use our memories to deduce hidden connections between the present and past situations to decide the best choice of action based on the expected outcome. Our recent study investigated neural underpinnings of such inferential decisions by monitoring neural activity in the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in rats. We identified several neural activity patterns indicating awake memory trace reactivation and restructuring of functional connectivity among multiple neurons. We also found that these patterns occurred concurrently with the ongoing hippocampal activity when rats recalled past events but not when they planned new adaptive actions. Here, we discussed how these computational properties might contribute to success in inferential decision-making and propose a working model on how the medial prefrontal cortex changes its interaction with the hippocampus depending on whether it reflects on the past or looks into the future.

关键词： Inference decision-making prior knowledge memory replay neural coding mind wandering single neuron activity sharp wave ripples rats

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Metaheuristic Optimisation Algorithms for Tuning a Bioinspired Retinal Model

引用

SENSORS 2019年第22期19卷 4834页

作者： Crespo-Cano, Ruben Cuenca-Asensi, Sergio Fernandez, Eduardo Martinez-Alvarez, Antonio Univ Alicante Dept Comp Technol Alicante 03690 Spain Univ Miguel Hernandez Inst Bioengn Elche 03202 Alicante Spain CIBER BBN Elche 03202 Alicante Spain

A significant challenge in neuroscience is understanding how visual information is encoded in the retina. Such knowledge is extremely important for the purpose of designing bioinspired sensors and artificial retinal systems that will, in so far as may be possible, be capable of mimicking vertebrate retinal behaviour. In this study, we report the tuning of a reliable computational bioinspired retinal model with various algorithms to improve the mimicry of the model. Its main contribution is two-fold. First, given the multi-objective nature of the problem, an automatic multi-objective optimisation strategy is proposed through the use of four biological-based metrics, which are used to adjust the retinal model for accurate prediction of retinal ganglion cell responses. Second, a subset of population-based search heuristics-genetic algorithms (SPEA2, NSGA-II and NSGA-III), particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and differential evolution (DE)-are explored to identify the best algorithm for fine-tuning the retinal model, by comparing performance across a hypervolume metric. Nonparametric statistical tests are used to perform a rigorous comparison between all the metaheuristics. The best results were achieved with the PSO algorithm on the basis of the largest hypervolume that was achieved, well-distributed elements and high numbers on the Pareto front.

关键词： neural prosthesis retinal modelling neural coding population-based metaheuristic evolutionary computation swarm intelligence multi-objective optimisation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Sparse bursts optimize information transmission in a multiplexed neural code

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2018年第27期115卷 E6329-E6338页

作者： Naud, Richard Sprekeler, Henning Univ Ottawa Dept Cellular & Mol Med Brain & Mind Res Inst Ottawa ON K1H 8M5 Canada Univ Ottawa Dept Phys Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Bernstein Ctr Computat Neurosci Berlin D-10115 Berlin Germany Tech Univ Berlin Inst Software Engn & Theoret Comp Sci Modelling Cognit Proc D-10587 Berlin Germany

Many cortical neurons combine the information ascending and descending the cortical hierarchy. In the classical view, this information is combined nonlinearly to give rise to a single firing-rate output, which collapses all input streams into one. We analyze the extent to which neurons can simultaneously represent multiple input streams by using a code that distinguishes spike timing patterns at the level of a neural ensemble. Using computational simulations constrained by experimental data, we show that cortical neurons are well suited to generate such multiplexing. Interestingly, this neural code maximizes information for short and sparse bursts, a regime consistent with in vivo recordings. Neurons can also demultiplex this information, using specific connectivity patterns. The anatomy of the adult mammalian cortex suggests that these connectivity patterns are used by the nervous system to maintain sparse bursting and optimal multiplexing. Contrary to firing-rate coding, our findings indicate that the physiology and anatomy of the cortex may be interpreted as optimizing the transmission of multiple independent signals to different targets.

关键词： neural coding cerebral cortex multiplexing dendritic computation short-term plasticity

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Decorrelation of retinal response to natural scenes by fixational eye movements

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2015年第10期112卷 3110-3115页

作者： Segal, Irina Yonit Giladi, Chen Gedalin, Michael Rucci, Michele Ben-Tov, Mor Kushinsky, Yam Mokeichev, Alik Segev, Ronen Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Phys IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Life Sci IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel Ben Gurion Univ Negev Dept Comp Sci IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel Ben Gurion Univ Negev Zlotowski Ctr Neurosci IL-84105 Beer Sheva Israel Boston Univ Dept Psychol & Brain Sci Boston MA 02215 USA Boston Univ Grad Program Neurosci Boston MA 02215 USA

Under natural viewing conditions the input to the retina is a complex spatiotemporal signal that depends on both the scene and the way the observer moves. It is commonly assumed that the retina processes this input signal efficiently by taking into account the statistics of the natural world. It has recently been argued that incessant microscopic eye movements contribute to this process by decorrelating the input to the retina. Here we tested this theory by measuring the responses of the salamander retina to stimuli replicating the natural input signals experienced by the retina in the presence and absence of fixational eye movements. Contrary to the predictions of classic theories of efficient encoding that do not take behavior into account, we show that the response characteristics of retinal ganglion cells are not sufficient in themselves to disrupt the broad correlations of natural scenes. Specifically, retinal ganglion cells exhibited strong and extensive spatial correlations in the absence of fixational eye movements. However, the levels of correlation in the neural responses dropped in the presence of fixational eye movements, resulting in effective decorrelation of the channels streaming information to the brain. These observations confirm the predictions that microscopic eye movements act to reduce correlations in retinal responses and contribute to visual information processing.

关键词： retina fixational eye movement neural coding correlation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The minimum information principle and its application to neural code analysis

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2009年第9期106卷 3490-3495页

作者： Globerson, Amir Stark, Eran Vaadiab, Eilon Tishby, Naftali Hebrew Univ Jerusalem Sch Engn & Comp Sci IL-91904 Jerusalem Israel Hebrew Univ Jerusalem Hadassah Med Sch Dept Physiol IL-91120 Jerusalem Israel Hebrew Univ Jerusalem Interdisciplinary Ctr Neural Computat IL-91904 Jerusalem Israel

The study of complex information processing systems requires appropriate theoretical tools to help unravel their underlying design principles. Information theory is one such tool, and has been utilized extensively in the study of the neural code. Although much progress has been made in information theoretic methodology, there is still no satisfying answer to the question: "What is the information that a given property of the neural population activity (e.g., the responses of single cells within the population) carries about a set of stimuli?" Here, we answer such questions via the minimum mutual information (MinMI) principle. We quantify the information in any statistical property of the neural response by considering all hypothetical neuronal populations that have the given property and finding the one that contains the minimum information about the stimuli. All systems with higher information values necessarily contain additional information processing mechanisms and, thus, the minimum captures the information related to the given property alone. MinMI may be used to measure information in properties of the neural response, such as that conveyed by responses of small subsets of cells (e.g., singles or pairs) in a large population and cooperative effects between subunits in networks. We show how the framework can be used to study neural coding in large populations and to reveal properties that are not discovered by other information theoretic methods.

关键词： neural coding information theory maximum entropy population coding

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Normalization is a general neural mechanism for context-dependent decision making

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2013年第15期110卷 6139-6144页

作者： Louie, Kenway Khaw, Mel W. Glimcher, Paul W. NYU Ctr Neural Sci New York NY 10003 USA

Understanding the neural code is critical to linking brain and behavior. In sensory systems, divisive normalization seems to be a canonical neural computation, observed in areas ranging from retina to cortex and mediating processes including contrast adaptation, surround suppression, visual attention, and multisensory integration. Recent electrophysiological studies have extended these insights beyond the sensory domain, demonstrating an analogous algorithm for the value signals that guide decision making, but the effects of normalization on choice behavior are unknown. Here, we show that choice models using normalization generate significant (and classically irrational) choice phenomena driven by either the value or number of alternative options. In value-guided choice experiments, both monkey and human choosers show novel context-dependent behavior consistent with normalization. These findings suggest that the neural mechanism of value coding critically influences stochastic choice behavior and provide a generalizable quantitative framework for examining context effects in decision making.

关键词： context dependence divisive normalization neural coding neuroeconomics reward

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Predictive information in a sensory population

引用

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2015年第22期112卷 6908-6913页

作者： Palmer, Stephanie E. Marre, Olivier Berry, Michael J., II Bialek, William Princeton Univ Joseph Henry Labs Phys Princeton NJ 08544 USA Princeton Univ Lewis Sigler Inst Integrat Genom Princeton NJ 08544 USA Princeton Univ Dept Mol Biol Princeton NJ 08544 USA Princeton Univ Princeton Neurosci Inst Princeton NJ 08544 USA

Guiding behavior requires the brain to make predictions about the future values of sensory inputs. Here, we show that efficient predictive computation starts at the earliest stages of the visual system. We compute how much information groups of retinal ganglion cells carry about the future state of their visual inputs and show that nearly every cell in the retina participates in a group of cells for which this predictive information is close to the physical limit set by the statistical structure of the inputs themselves. Groups of cells in the retina carry information about the future state of their own activity, and we show that this information can be compressed further and encoded by downstream predictor neurons that exhibit feature selectivity that would support predictive computations. Efficient representation of predictive information is a candidate principle that can be applied at each stage of neural computation.

关键词： neural coding retina information theory

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Time and experience differentially affect distinct aspects of hippocampal representational drift

引用

NEURON 2023年第15期111卷 2357-+页

作者： Geva, Nitzan Deitch, Daniel Rubin, Alon Ziv, Yaniv Weizmann Inst Sci Dept Brain Sci Rehovot Israel

Hippocampal activity is critical for spatial memory. Within a fixed, familiar environment, hippocampal codes gradually change over timescales of days to weeks-a phenomenon known as representational drift. The passage of time and the amount of experience are two factors that profoundly affect memory. However, thus far, it has remained unclear to what extent these factors drive hippocampal representational drift. Here, we longitudinally recorded large populations of hippocampal neurons in mice while they repeatedly explored two different familiar environments that they visited at different time intervals over weeks. We found that time and experience differentially affected distinct aspects of representational drift: the passage of time drove changes in neuronal activity rates, whereas experience drove changes in the cells' spatial tuning. Changes in spatial tuning were context specific and largely independent of changes in activity rates. Thus, our results suggest that representational drift is a multi-faceted process governed by distinct neuronal mechanisms.

关键词： hippocampus calcium imaging place cells representational drift miniature microscopes neural coding remapping

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：