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coding and decoding of information in a bi-directional neural interface

NEUROCOMPUTING 2005年第SPEC. ISS.期65卷 783-792页

作者： Cozzi, L D'Angelo, P Chiappalone, M Ide, AN Novellino, A Martinoia, S Sanguineti, V Univ Genoa Dept Informat Syst & Telemat I-16145 Genoa Italy Univ Genoa Dept Biophys & Elect Engn I-16145 Genoa Italy Univ Fed Sao Carlos Grp Processamento Imagens & Sinais BR-13560 Sao Carlos Brazil

We report on an experiment in which a population of rat cortical neurons, cultured on a micro-electrode array, was connected bi-directionally to a mobile robot. Bi-directional communication between a neural population and an external device requires to translate time-varying signals into spatio-temporal patterns of neural activity, and back. Here, we describe the experimental setup and the computational modules of the neural interface, and work on characterization of the 'transfer function' of the neural preparation, as it emerges from closed-loop experiments, and selection of stimulation and recording sites which are best compatible with a desired behavior. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： cultured neurons micro-electrode arrays neural interface neural coding

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neural dynamics of envelope coding

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MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES 2008年第1-2期214卷 87-99页

作者： Longtin, Andre Middleton, Jason W. Cieniak, Jakub Maler, Leonard Univ Ottawa Dept Phys Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Univ Ottawa Ctr Neural Dynam Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Univ Ottawa Dept Cellular & Mol Med Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

We consider the processing of narrowband signals that modulate carrier waveforms in sensory systems. The tuning of sensory neurons to the carrier frequency results in a high sensitivity to the amplitude modulations of the carrier. Recent work has revealed how specialized circuitry can extract the lower-frequency modulation associated with the slow envelope of a narrowband signal, and send. it to higher brain along with the full signal. This paper first summarizes the experimental evidence for this processing in the context of electroreception, where the narrowband signals arise in the context of social communication between the animals. It then examines the mechanism of this extraction by single neurons and neural populations, using intracellular recordings and new modeling results contrasting envelope extraction and stochastic resonance. Low noise and peri-threshold stimulation are necessary to obtain a firing pattern than, shows high coherence with the envelope of the input. Further, the output must be fed through a slow synapse. Averaging networks are then considered for their ability to detect, using additional noise, signals with power in the envelope bandwidth. The circuitry that (toes support envelope extraction beyond the primary receptors is available in many areas of the brain including cortex. The mechanism of envelope extraction and its gating by noise and bias currents is thus accessible to non-carrier-based coding as well, as long as the input to the circuit is a narrowband signal. Novel results are also presented on a more biophysical model of the receptor population, showing that it can encode a narrowband signal, but not its envelope, as observed experimentally. The model is modified from previous models by reducing stimulus contrast in order to make it sufficiently linear to agree with the experimental data. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： neural coding integrate-and-fire model Hilbert transform coherence electroreceptors stochastic resonance

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Energy coding in neural network with inhibitory neurons

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COGNITIVE NEURODYNAMICS 2015年第2期9卷 129-144页

作者： Wang, Ziyin Wang, Rubin Fang, Ruiyan E China Univ Sci & Technol Sch Sci Inst Cognit Neurodynam Shanghai 200237 Peoples R China

This paper aimed at assessing and comparing the effects of the inhibitory neurons in the neural network on the neural energy distribution, and the network activities in the absence of the inhibitory neurons to understand the nature of neural energy distribution and neural energy coding. Stimulus, synchronous oscillation has significant difference between neural networks with and without inhibitory neurons, and this difference can be quantitatively evaluated by the characteristic energy distribution. In addition, the synchronous oscillation difference of the neural activity can be quantitatively described by change of the energy distribution if the network parameters are gradually adjusted. Compared with traditional method of correlation coefficient analysis, the quantitative indicators based on nervous energy distribution characteristics are more effective in reflecting the dynamic features of the neural network activities. Meanwhile, this neural coding method from a global perspective of neural activity effectively avoids the current defects of neural encoding and decoding theory and enormous difficulties encountered. Our studies have shown that neural energy coding is a new coding theory with high efficiency and great potential.

关键词： neural coding neural energy Inhibitory neurons

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neural HETEROGENEITIES AND STIMULUS PROPERTIES AFFECT BURST coding IN VIVO

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NEUROSCIENCE 2010年第1期168卷 300-313页

作者： Avila-Akerberg, O. Krahe, R. Chacron, M. J. McGill Univ Dept Physiol Montreal PQ H3G 1Y6 Canada McGill Univ Dept Phys Montreal PQ H3G 1Y6 Canada McGill Univ Dept Biol Montreal PQ H3G 1Y6 Canada

Many neurons tend to fire clusters of action potentials called bursts followed by quiescence in response to sensory input. While the mechanisms that underlie burst firing are generally well understood in vitro, the functional role of these bursts in generating behavioral responses to sensory input in vivo are less clear. Pyramidal cells within the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) of weakly electric fish offer an attractive model system for studying the coding properties of burst firing, because the anatomy and physiology of the electrosensory circuitry are well understood, and the burst mechanism of ELL pyramidal cells has been thoroughly characterized in vitro. We investigated the coding properties of bursts generated by these cells in vivo in response to mimics of behaviorally relevant sensory input. We found that heterogeneities within the pyramidal cell population had quantitative but not qualitative effects on burst coding for the low frequency components of broadband time varying input. Moreover, spatially localized stimuli mimicking, for example, prey tended to elicit more bursts than spatially global stimuli mimicking conspecific-related stimuli. We also found small but significant correlations between burst attributes such as the number of spikes per burst or the interspike interval during the burst and stimulus attributes such as stimulus amplitude or slope. These correlations were much weaker in magnitude than those observed in vitro. More surprisingly, our results show that correlations between burst and stimulus attributes actually decreased in magnitude when we used low frequency stimuli that are expected to promote burst firing. We propose that this discrepancy is attributable to differences between ELL pyramidal cell burst firing under in vivo and in vitro conditions. (C) 2010 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： weakly electric fish neural coding information theory burst firing

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Neuromorphic Auditory Perception by neural Spiketrum

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EMERGING TOPICS IN COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 2025年第1期9卷 292-303页

作者： Tang, Huajin Gu, Pengjie Wijekoon, Jayawan Alsakkal, M. H. D. Anas Wang, Ziming Shen, Jiangrong Yan, Rui Pan, Gang Zhejiang Univ Coll Comp Sci State Key Lab Brain Machine Intelligence MOE Frontier Sci Ctr Brain Sci & Brain Machine Int Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Coll Comp Sci & Technol Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Univ Manchester Dept Elect & Elect Engn Manchester M13 9PL England Zhejiang Univ Technol Coll Comp Sci Hangzhou 310014 Peoples R China

Neuromorphic computing holds the promise to achieve the energy efficiency and robust learning performance of biological neural systems. To realize the promised brain-like intelligence, it needs to solve the challenges of the neuromorphic hardware architecture design of biological neural substrate and the hardware amicable algorithms with spike-based encoding and learning. Here we introduce a neural spike coding model termed spiketrum, to characterize and transform the time-varying analog signals, typically auditory signals, into computationally efficient spatiotemporal spike patterns. It minimizes the information loss occurring at the analog-to-spike transformation and possesses informational robustness to neural fluctuations and spike losses. The model provides a sparse and efficient coding scheme with precisely controllable spike rate that facilitates training of spiking neural networks in various auditory perception tasks. We further investigate the algorithm-hardware co-designs through a neuromorphic cochlear prototype which demonstrates that our approach can provide a systematic solution for spike-based artificial intelligence by fully exploiting its advantages with spike-based computation.

关键词： Encoding Codes Neuromorphics Kernel Neurons Computational modeling Matching pursuit algorithms Neuromorphic computing neural coding auditory perception sparse spike encoding spiking neural network

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coding of envelopes by correlated but not single-neuron activity requires neural variability

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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 2015年第15期112卷 4791-4796页

作者： Metzen, Michael G. Jamali, Mohsen Carriot, Jerome Avila-Akerberg, Oscar Cullen, Kathleen E. Chacron, Maurice J. McGill Univ Dept Physiol Montreal PQ H3G 1Y6 Canada McGill Univ Dept Phys Montreal PQ H3A 2T8 Canada

Understanding how the brain processes sensory information is often complicated by the fact that neurons exhibit trial-to-trial variability in their responses to stimuli. Indeed, the role of variability in sensory coding is still highly debated. Here, we examined how variability influences neural responses to naturalistic stimuli consisting of a fast time-varying waveform (i.e., carrier or first order) whose amplitude (i.e., envelope or second order) varies more slowly. Recordings were made from fish electrosensory and monkey vestibular sensory neurons. In both systems, we show that correlated but not single-neuron activity can provide detailed information about second-order stimulus features. Using a simple mathematical model, we made the strong prediction that such correlation-based coding of envelopes requires neural variability. Strikingly, the performance of correlated activity at predicting the envelope was similarly optimally tuned to a nonzero level of variability in both systems, thereby confirming this prediction. Finally, we show that second-order sensory information can only be decoded if one takes into account joint statistics when combining neural activities. Our results thus show that correlated but not single-neural activity can transmit information about the envelope, that such transmission requires neural variability, and that this information can be decoded. We suggest that envelope coding by correlated activity is a general feature of sensory processing that will be found across species and systems.

关键词： correlation envelope electrosensory vestibular neural coding

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Serotonin modulates optimized coding of natural stimuli through increased neural and behavioural responses via enhanced burst firing

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JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON 2020年第8期598卷 1573-1589页

作者： Marquez, Mariana M. Chacron, Maurice J. McGill Univ Dept Physiol Montreal PQ Canada

Key points The function of serotonergic fibres onto sensory areas remains poorly understood We show that serotonin application enhances sensory neural and behavioural responses to second order stimuli Enhanced neural responses most likely occurred because of increased burst firing Changes in neural sensitivity due to burst firing were the best predictor of changes in behavioural sensitivity Our results suggest that serotonin optimizes coding of stimuli encountered during aggression. Understanding how the processing of sensory information leads to behavioural responses remains a central problem in systems neuroscience. Here, we investigated how the neuromodulator serotonin affects neural and behavioural responses to second-order envelope stimuli within the electrosensory system of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus. We found that serotonin application increased neuronal excitability through greater tendency for burst firing. We found that increased excitability led to overall higher neural sensitivities to higher envelope frequencies. Separating the spike train into bursts and isolated spike train components revealed that this was due to significant increases in neural sensitivity for the former but not the latter. We next investigated the consequences of such changes in sensitivity towards optimized coding of stimuli with specific statistics. Our results show that serotonin application compromised optimal coding of stimuli with statistics seen under naturalistic conditions due to changes in burst, but not isolated spike firing. Finally, we found that serotonin application increased behavioural sensitivity to envelope stimuli. Interestingly, changes in neural sensitivity due to bursts were a far better predictor of changes in behavioural sensitivity, suggesting that burst firing is decoded by downstream brain areas. Overall, our results suggest that serotonin modulates neural responses to optimize coding and perception of stimuli during behavioural co

关键词： neural coding neuromodulation serotonin weakly electric fish

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Oscillation and coding in a formal neural network considered as a guide for plausible simulations of the insect olfactory system

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BIOSYSTEMS 2007年第1-3期89卷 244-256页

作者： Horcholle-Bossavit, Ginette Quenet, Brigitte Foucart, Olivier Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris Equipe Stat Appl F-75005 Paris France Ecole Super Phys & Chim Ind Ville Paris CNRS UMR 7084 F-75005 Paris France

For the analysis of coding mechanisms in the insect olfactory system, a fully connected network of synchronously updated McCulloch and Pitts neurons (MC-P type) was developed [Quenet, B., Horn, D., 2003. The dynamic neural filter: a binary model of spatio-temporal coding. neural Comput. 15 (2), 309-329]. Considering the update time as an intrinsic clock, this "Dynamic neural Filter" (DNF), which maps regions of input space into spatio-temporal sequences of neuronal activity, is able to produce exact binary codes extracted from the synchronized activities recorded at the level of projection neurons (PN) in the locust antennal lobe (AL) in response to different odors [Wehr, M., Laurent, G., 1996. Odor encoding by temporal sequences of firing in oscillating neural assemblies. Nature 384, 162-166]. Here, in a first step, we separate the populations of PN and local inhibitory neurons (LN) and use the DNF as a guide for simulations based on biological plausible neurons (Hodgkin-Huxley: H-H type). We show that a parsimonious network of 10 H-H neurons generates action potentials whose timing represents the required codes. In a second step, we construct a new type of DNF in order to study the population dynamics when different delays are taken into account. We find synaptic matrices which lead to both the emergence of robust oscillations and spatio-temporal patterns, using a formal criterion, based on a Normalized Euclidian Distance (NED), in order to measure the use of the temporal dimension as a coding dimension by the DNF. Similarly to biological PN, the activity of excitatory neurons in the model can be both phase-locked to different cycles of oscillations which remind local field potential (LFP), and nevertheless exhibit dynamic behavior complex enough to be the basis of spatio-temporal codes. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.

关键词： oscillations complex dynamics neural coding spatio-temporal patterns Hodgkin-Huxley model formal neural network

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Cortical coding of gustatory and thermal signals in active licking mice

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JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON 2025年第4期603卷 909-928页

作者： Nash, Audrey N. Shakeshaft, Morgan Bouaichi, Cecilia G. Odegaard, Katherine E. Needham, Tom Bauer, Martin Bertram, Richard Vincis, Roberto Florida State Univ Dept Math Tallahassee FL USA Florida State Univ Dept Biol Sci Tallahassee FL USA Florida State Univ Program Neurosci Tallahassee FL USA Florida State Univ Dept Math Tallahassee FL USA Florida State Univ Programs Mol Biophys Tallahassee FL USA Florida State Univ Programs Neurosci Mol Biophys & Cell & Mol Biol Dept Biol Sci Tallahassee FL 32306 USA

Eating behaviours are influenced by the integration of gustatory, olfactory and somatosensory signals, which all contribute to the perception of flavour. Although extensive research has explored the neural correlates of taste in the gustatory cortex (GC), less is known about its role in encoding thermal information. This study investigates the encoding of oral thermal and chemosensory signals by GC neurons compared to the oral somatosensory cortex. In this study we recorded the spiking activity of more than 900 GC neurons and 500 neurons from the oral somatosensory cortex in mice allowed to freely lick small drops of gustatory stimuli or deionized water at varying non-nociceptive temperatures. We then developed and used a Bayesian-based analysis technique to assess neural classification scores based on spike rate and phase timing within the lick cycle. Our results indicate that GC neurons rely predominantly on rate information, although phase information is needed to achieve maximum accuracy, to effectively encode both chemosensory and thermosensory signals. GC neurons can effectively differentiate between thermal stimuli, excelling in distinguishing both large contrasts (14 vs. 36 degrees C) and, although less effectively, more subtle temperature differences. Finally a direct comparison of the decoding accuracy of thermosensory signals between the two cortices reveals that whereas the somatosensory cortex exhibited higher overall accuracy, the GC still encodes significant thermosensory information. These findings highlight the GC's dual role in processing taste and temperature, emphasizing the importance of considering temperature in future studies of taste processing.

关键词： Bayesian analysis gustatory cortex intraoral temperature neural coding oral somatosensory cortex taste

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Deficits in taste-guided behaviors and central processing of taste in the transgenic TDP-43Q331K mouse model of frontotemporal dementia

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NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE 2025年 207卷 106850-106850页

作者： Zheng, Camelia Yuejiao Blackwell, Jennifer M. Fontanini, Alfredo SUNY Stony Brook Grad Program Neurosci Stony Brook NY 11794 USA SUNY Stony Brook Med Scientist Training Program Stony Brook NY 11794 USA SUNY Stony Brook Dept Neurobiol & Behav Room 545Life Sci Bldg Stony Brook NY 11794 USA

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second most prevalent form of presenile dementia. Patients with FTD show prominent chemosensory symptoms such as abnormal detection and recognition thresholds for various gustatory stimuli. The chemosensory symptoms of FTD may be related to damage of the gustatory insular cortex (GC) as the insular cortex is one of the primary targets in FTD disease progression. Little is known about how circuitry changes in GC lead to deficits in taste processing in FTD. Here we tested the hypothesis that gustatory deficits are present in a mouse model of FTD, and that they are related to abnormal patterns of neural activity in GC. We behaviorally evaluated a transgenic FTD mouse model overexpressing human TDP-43 with a Q331K mutation (TDP-43Q331K) in a brief access test and a taste-based two alternative forced choice (2AFC) task probing the ability to discriminate sucrose/NaCl mixtures. TDP-43Q331K mice showed abnormal sucrose consumption and an impaired ability to discriminate taste mixtures compared to non-transgenic control mice. To assess deficits in GC taste processing, we relied on electrophysiological recordings using chronically implanted tetrodes in alert TDP43Q331K and non-transgenic control mice. The proportion of taste-selective neurons in TDP-43Q331K mice decreased over time compared to control mice. Similarly, encoding of chemosensory information and processing of taste palatability were impaired in TDP-43Q331K mice compared to control mice. Overall, these results demonstrate taste-related symptoms in a mouse model of FTD and provide evidence for altered taste processing in GC of TDP-43Q331K mice compared to control mice.

关键词： TDP-43 Frontotemporal dementia Brief access test Taste discrimination task In vivo electrophysiology neural coding

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