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non-coding rnas as potential targets in metformin therapy for cancer

CANCER CELL INTErnaTIONAL 2024年第1期24卷 333页

作者： Zhang, Yihan Wu, Yunhao Liu, Zixu Yang, Kangping Lin, Hui Xiong, Kai Nanchang Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Jiangxi Med Coll Dept Gastroenterol Nanchang 330008 Jiangxi Peoples R China Jiangxi Med Coll Sch Clin Med 2 Nanchang Peoples R China Nanchang Univ Jiangxi Med Coll Sch Clin Med 1 Nanchang 330006 Jiangxi Peoples R China Sch Basic Med Sci Dept Pathophysiol Jiangxi Prov Key Lab Tumor Pathogenesis & Mol Path Nanchang Peoples R China

Metformin, a widely used oral hypoglycemic drug, has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. While initially known for its role in managing diabetes, accumulating evidence suggests that metformin exhibits anticancer properties through various mechanisms. Several cellular or animal experiments have attempted to elucidate the role of non-coding rna molecules, including micrornas and long non-coding rnas, in mediating the anticancer effects of metformin. The present review summarized the current understanding of the mechanisms by which non-coding rnas modulate the response to metformin in cancer cells. The regulatory roles of non-coding rnas, particularly mirnas, in key cellular processes such as cell proliferation, cell death, angiogenesis, metabolism and epigenetics, and how metformin affects these processes are discussed. This review also highlights the role of lncrnas in cancer types such as lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, and renal cancer, and points out the need for further exploration of the mechanisms by which metformin regulates lncrnas. In addition, the present review explores the potential advantages of metformin-based therapies over direct delivery of ncrnas, and this review highlights the mechanisms of non-coding rna regulation when metformin is combined with other therapies. Overall, the present review provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of metformin mediated by non-coding rnas, offering novel opportunities for the development of personalized treatment strategies in cancer patients.

关键词： Metformin non-coding rna Long non-coding rna Circular rna microrna Cancer

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non-coding rnas, a double-edged sword in breast cancer prognosis

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CANCER CELL INTErnaTIONAL 2025年第1期25卷 1-31页

作者： Solaimani, Maryam Hosseinzadeh, Sahar Abasi, Mozhgan Amol Univ Special Modern Technol Fac Biotechnol Amol Iran Mazandaran Univ Med Sci Fac Pharm & Med Biotechnol Sari Iran Mazandaran Univ Med Sci Fac Adv Technol Med Immunogenet Res Ctr Dept Tissue Engn & Appl Cell Sci POB 48175-861 Sari Iran

Cancer is a rising issue worldwide, and numerous studies have focused on understanding the underlying reasons for its occurrence and finding proper ways to defeat it. By applying technological advances, researchers are continuously uncovering and updating treatments in cancer therapy. Their vast functions in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation and their significant role in the progression of diseases, including cancer. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of ncrnas in breast cancer, focusing on long non-coding rnas such as HOTAIR, MALAT1, and NEAT1, as well as micrornas such as miR-21, miR-221/222, and miR-155. These ncrnas are pivotal in regulating cell proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, and apoptosis. Additionally, we discuss experimental approaches that are useful for studying them and highlight the advantages and challenges of each method. We then explain the results of these clinical trials and offer insights for future studies by discussing major existing gaps. On the basis of an extensive number of studies, this review provides valuable insights into the potential of ncrnas in cancer therapy. Key findings show that even though the functions of ncrnas are vast and undeniable in cancer, there are still complications associated with their therapeutic use. Moreover, there is an absence of sufficient experiments regarding their application in mouse models, which is an area to work on. By emphasizing the crucial role of ncrnas, this review underscores the need for innovative approaches and further studies to explore their potential in cancer therapy.

关键词： Breast cancer-carcinoma Neoplasia non-coding rna Long non-coding rna Oncogene Tumor suppressor

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non-coding rnas in diabetic foot ulcer- a focus on infected wounds

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DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS 2024年第3期40卷 e3740-e3740页

作者： Qin, Boquan Peng, Qi Dong, Hongxian Lei, Lei Wu, Shizhou Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Dept Orthoped Surg Chengdu Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Orthoped Res Inst Lab Stem Cell & Tissue EngnState Key Lab Biothera Chengdu Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Stomatol State Key Lab Oral Dis Chengdu Peoples R China Sichuan Univ West China Hosp Stomatol Natl Clin Res Ctr Oral Dis Chengdu Peoples R China

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a wide range of neuropathies, vasculopathies, and immunopathies, resulting in many complications. More than 30% of diabetic patients risk developing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). non-coding rnas (ncrnas), including micrornas (mirnas), long non-coding rnas (lncrnas), and circular rnas (circrnas), play essential roles in various biological functions in the hyperglycaemic environment that determines the development of DFU. Ulceration results in tissue breakdown and skin barrier scavenging, thereby facilitating bacterial infection and biofilm formation. Many bacteria contribute to diabetic foot infection (DFI), including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) et al. A heterogeneous group of "ncrnas," termed small rnas (srnas), powerfully regulates biofilm formation and DFI healing. Multidisciplinary foot care interventions have been identified for nonhealing ulcers. With an appreciation of the link between disease processes and ncrnas, a novel therapeutic model of bioactive materials loaded with ncrnas has been developed to prevent and manage diabetic foot complications.

关键词： diabetic foot ulcer non-coding rna srna wound healing

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non-coding rnas in Recurrent implantation failure

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CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA 2024年 553卷 117731页

作者： Zahir, Mazyar Tavakoli, Bahareh Zaki-Dizaji, Majid Hantoushzadeh, Sedigheh Zolbin, Masoumeh Majidi Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Urol & Nephrol Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Childrens Med Ctr Gene Cell & Tissue Res Inst Pediat Urol & Regenerat Med Res Ctr Tehran Iran Maragheh Univ Dept Biol Maragheh Iran Legal Med Org Legal Med Res Ctr Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Family Hlth Res Inst Vali E Asr Reprod Hlth Res Ctr Tehran Iran

Recurrent implantation failure (RIF), defined as the inability to achieve conception following multiple consecutive in-vitro fertilization (IVF) attempts, represents a complex and multifaceted challenge in reproductive medicine. The emerging role of non-coding rnas in RIF etiopathogenesis has only gained prominence over the last decade, illustrating a new dimension to our understanding of the intricate network underlying RIF. Successful embryo implantation demands a harmonious synchronization between an adequately decidualized endometrium, a competent blastocyst, and effective maternal-embryonic interactions. Emerging evidence has clarified the involvement of a sophisticated network of non-coding rnas, including micrornas, circular rnas, and long non-coding rnas, in orchestrating these pivotal processes. Disconcerted expression of these molecules can disrupt the delicate equilibrium required for implantation, amplifying the risk of RIF. This comprehensive review presents an in-depth investigation of the complex role played by non-coding rnas in the pathogenesis of RIF. Furthermore, it underscores the vast potential of non-coding rnas as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets, with the ultimate goal of enhancing implantation success rates in IVF cycles. As ongoing research continues to unravel the intercalated web of molecular interactions, exploiting the power of non-coding rnas may offer promising avenues for mitigating the challenges posed by RIF and improving the outcomes of assisted reproduction.

关键词： Recurrent Implantation Failure non-coding rna

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Impairment of novel non-coding small rna00203 inhibits biofilm formation and reduces biofilm-specific antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii

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INTErnaTIONAL JOUrnaL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS 2023年第3期62卷 106889-106889页

作者： Shenkutie, Abebe Mekuria Gebrelibanos, Daniel Yao, Mianzhi Hundie, Gadissa Bedada Chow, Franklin W. N. Leung, Polly H. M. Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Hlth Technol & Informat Hong Kong Peoples R China St Pauls Hosp Millennium Med Coll Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Small rnas (srnas) are post-transcriptional regulators of many biological processes in bacteria, includ-ing biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. The mechanisms by which srna regulates the biofilm-specific antibiotic resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii have not been reported to date. This study aimed to investigate the influence of srna00203 (53 nucleotides) on biofilm formation, antibiotic suscepti-bility, and expression of genes associated with biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance. The results showed that deletion of the srna00203-encoding gene decreased the biomass of biofilm by 85%. Dele-tion of the srna00203-encoding gene also reduced the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations for imipenem and ciprofloxacin 1024-and 128-fold, respectively. Knocking out of srna00203 significantly downregulated genes involved in biofilm matrix synthesis (pgaB), efflux pump production (novel00738), lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis (novel00626), preprotein translocase subunit (secA) and the CRP tran-scriptional regulator. Overall, the suppression of srna00203 in an A. baumannii ST1894 strain impaired biofilm formation and sensitized the biofilm cells to imipenem and ciprofloxacin. As srna00203 was found to be conserved in A. baumannii, a therapeutic strategy targeting srna00203 may be a potential solution for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections caused by A. baumannii. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to show the impact of srna00203 on biofilm formation and biofilm-specific antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii.& COPY;2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Antibiotics Biofilm Gene expression non-coding rna Resistance Small rna rna sequencing Virulence

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non-coding rnas and Exosomal non-coding rnas in Traumatic Brain Injury: the Small Player with Big Actions

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MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY 2023年第7期60卷 4064-4083页

作者： Mohamadzadeh, Omid Hajinouri, Mahsasadat Moammer, Farzaneh Zadeh, Seyed Saeed Tamehri Shafiei, Ghoncheh Omid Jafari, Ameneh Ostadian, Amirreza Zavareh, Sayyed Alireza Talaei Hamblin, Michael R. Yazdi, Arezoo Jafarian Sheida, Amirhossein Mirzaei, Hamed Univ Tehran Med Sci Imam Khomeini Hosp Complex Dept Neurol Surg Tehran Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Roozbeh Hosp Dept Psychiat Tehran Iran Guilan Univ Med Sci Student Res Comm Sch Med Rasht Iran Univ Tehran Med Sci Sch Med Tehran Iran Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci Sch Med Yazd Iran Kashan Univ Med Sci Inst Basic Sci Physiol Res Ctr Kashan Iran ACECR Motamed Canc Inst Breast Canc Res Ctr Adv Therapy Med Prod ATMP Dept Tehran Iran Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci Prote Res Ctr Tehran Iran Kashan Univ Med Sci Sch Allied Med Sci Dept Lab Med Kashan Iran Univ Johannesburg Fac Hlth Sci Laser Res Ctr ZA-2028 Doornfontein South Africa Kashan Univ Med Sci Neurol Dept Kashan Iran Kashan Univ Med Sci Sch Med Kashan Iran Kashan Univ Med Sci Student Res Comm Kashan Iran Kashan Univ Med Sci Inst Basic Sci Res Ctr Biochem & Nutr Metab Dis Kashan Iran

Nowadays, there is an increasing concern regarding traumatic brain injury (TBI) worldwide since substantial morbidity is observed after it, and the long-term consequences that are not yet fully recognized. A number of cellular pathways related to the secondary injury in brain have been identified, including free radical production (owing to mitochondrial dysfunction), excitotoxicity (regulated by excitatory neurotransmitters), apoptosis, and neuroinflammatory responses (as a result of activation of the immune system and central nervous system). In this context, non-coding rnas (ncrnas) maintain a fundamental contribution to post-transcriptional regulation. It has been shown that mammalian brains express high levels of ncrnas that are involved in several brain physiological processes. Furthermore, altered levels of ncrna expression have been found in those with traumatic as well non-traumatic brain injuries. The current review highlights the primary molecular mechanisms participated in TBI that describes the latest and novel results about changes and role of ncrnas in TBI in both clinical and experimental research.

关键词： Traumatic brain injury non-coding rna Exosome Long non-coding rnas Micrornas

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The emerging roles of particulate matter-changed non-coding rnas in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive in silico analysis and review☆

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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 2025年 366卷 125440页

作者： Zeng, Hui-Xian Qin, Shuang-Jian Andersson, John Li, Shen-Pan Zeng, Qing-Guo Li, Jia-Hui Wu, Qi-Zhen Meng, Wen-Jie Oudin, Anna Kanninen, Katja M. Jalava, Pasi Dong, Guang-Hui Zeng, Xiao-Wen Sun Yat Sen Univ Guangdong Prov Engn Technol Res Ctr Environm Pollu Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth Sch Publ HlthJoint Int Res Lab Environm & HlthMi 74 Zhongshan 2nd Rd Guangzhou 510080 Guangdong Peoples R China Umea Univ Dept Psychol Umea Sweden Umea Univ Dept Publ Hlth & Clin Med Umea Sweden Univ Eastern Finland AI Virtanen Inst Mol Sci Kuopio Finland Univ Eastern Finland Dept Environm & Biol Sci Kuopio Finland

Research on epigenetic-environmental interactions in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has accelerated rapidly in recent decades. Numerous studies have demonstrated the contribution of ambient particulate matter (PM) to the onset of AD. Emerging evidence indicates that non-coding rnas (ncrnas), including long non-coding rnas, circular rnas, and micrornas, play a role in the pathophysiology of AD. In this review, we provide an overview of PM-altered ncrnas in the brain, with emphasis on their potential roles in the pathogenesis of AD. These results suggest that these PM-altered ncrnas are involved in the regulation of amyloid-beta pathology, microtubule-associated protein Tau pathology, synaptic dysfunction, damage to the blood-brain barrier, microglial dysfunction, dysmyelination, and neuronal loss. In addition, we utilized in silico analysis to explore the biological functions of PM-altered ncrnas in the development of AD. This review summarizes the knowns and unknowns of PM-altered ncrnas in AD pathogenesis and discusses the current dilemma regarding PM-altered ncrnas as promising biomarkers of AD. Altogether, this is the first thorough review of the connection between PM exposure and ncrnas in AD pathogenesis, which may offer novel insights into the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of AD associated with ambient PM exposure.

关键词： Particulate matter Alzheimer's disease non-coding rna Neuropathology

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Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures enhance transcription isothermal amplification for multiplex detection of non-coding rnas

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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS 2024年 250卷 116055页

作者： Lee, Eun Sung Woo, Jisu Shin, Jiye Cha, Byung Seok Kim, Seokjoon Park, Ki Soo Konkuk Univ Coll Engn Dept Biol Engn Seoul 05029 South Korea

This study introduces an innovative detection system for multiple cancer biomarkers, employing transcription isothermal amplification methods in conjunction with a tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN). We demonstrate that TDN enhances various transcription isothermal amplification methods by placing DNA probes in proximity. Notably, the TDN-enhanced split T7 promoter-based isothermal transcription amplification with light-up rna aptamer (STAR) system stands out for its optimal performance and operational simplicity, especially in identifying non-coding rnas such as micrornas and long non-coding rnas (lncrnas). Multiplex detection of lncrnas was also achieved by generating distinct light-up rna aptamers, each emitting unique fluorescence signals. The system effectively identified the target lncrnas, demonstrating high sensitivity and selectivity in both cell lines and clinical samples. The system, utilizing the single enzyme T7 rna polymerase, can be easily tailored for alternative targets by substituting target-specific sequences in DNA probes and seamlessly integrated with other isothermal amplification methods for greater sensitivity and accuracy in the detection of multiple cancer biomarkers.

关键词： Tetrahedral DNA nanostructure Molecular diagnostics non-coding rna Isothermal amplification Multiplex detection

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The landscape of epigenetic regulation and therapeutic application of N^(6)-methyladenosine modifications in non-coding rnas

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 236-251页

作者： Gui-e Xu Xuan Zhao Guoping Li Priyanka Gokulnath Lijun Wang Junjie Xiao Institute of Geriatrics(Shanghai University) Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University(The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong)and School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityNantongJiangsu 226011China Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesShanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ RepairSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA

rna N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)methylation is the most abundant and conserved rna modification in *** participates in the regulation of rna metabolism and various pathophysiological ***-coding rnas(ncrnas)are defined as small or long transcripts which do not encode proteins and display numerous biological regulatory *** to mrnas,m^(6)A deposition is observed in *** rna m^(6)A modifications on ncrnas is of great importance specifically to deepen our understanding of their biological roles and clinical *** this review,we summarized the recent research findings regarding the mutual regulation between rna m^(6)A modification and ncrnas(with a specific focus on micrornas,long non-coding rnas,and circular rnas)and their *** also discussed the challenges of m^(6)A-containing ncrnas and rna m^(6)A as therapeutic targets in human diseases and their future perspective in translational roles.

关键词： Circular rna Epigenetic regulation Long non-coding rna Microrna non-coding rna rna m^(6)A modification

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Scientific investigation of non-coding rnas in mitochondrial epigenetic and aging disorders: Current nanoengineered approaches for their therapeutic improvement

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MITOCHONDRION 2025年 80卷 101979页

作者： Patange, Vaibhav Ahirwar, Kailash Tripathi, Tripti Tripathi, Pratima Shukla, Rahul Natl Inst Pharmaceut Educ & Res NIPER Dept Biotechnol Bijnor Sisendi RdNear CRPF Base Camp Lucknow 226002 Uttar Pradesh India Natl Inst Pharmaceut Educ & Res NIPER Dept Pharmaceut Bijnor Sisendi RdNear CRPF Base Camp Lucknow 226002 Uttar Pradesh India Integral Univ Dept Physiol Kursi Rd Dashauli 226026 Uttar Pradesh India

Genetic control is vital for the growth of cells and tissues, and it also helps living things, from single-celled organisms to complex creatures, maintain a stable internal environment. Within cells, structures called mitochondria act like tiny power plants, producing energy and keeping the cell balanced. The two primary categories of rna are messenger rna (mrna) and non-coding rna (ncrna). mrna carries the instructions for building proteins, while ncrna does various jobs at the rna level. There are different kinds of ncrna, each with a specific role. Some help put rna molecules together correctly, while others modify other rnas or cut them into smaller pieces. Still others control how much protein is made from a gene. Scientists have recently discovered many more ncrnas than previously known, and their functions are still being explored. This article analyzes the rna molecules present within mitochondria, which have a crucial purpose in the operation of mitochondria. We'll also discuss how genes can be turned on and off without changing their DNA code, and how this process might be linked to mitochondrial rna. Finally, we'll explore how scientists are using engineered particles to silence genes and develop new treatments based on manipulating ncrna.

关键词： non-coding rna mirna lnc-rna Mitochondrial epigenetics Transcriptomics Neurodegeneration

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