Integrated urban water management (IUWM) aims to promote water supply not only from conventional sources but also from wastewater reuse in part to address issues such as water scarcity. In line with the situation, thi...
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Integrated urban water management (IUWM) aims to promote water supply not only from conventional sources but also from wastewater reuse in part to address issues such as water scarcity. In line with the situation, this work concerns greywater reuse in synthesizing and retrofitting water network at household and community levels. We consider various water-using activities and suitable wastewater treatment technologies through a nonlinear optimization model based on a superstructure which incorporates multiple alternatives for greywater reuse, regeneration (treatment), and recycle. The model objective aims to minimize freshwater consumption and/or wastewater generation in addition to the fixed capital cost of installing the pipes and the variable operating cost of water pumping. The optimization procedure is carried out subject to complying with constraints to reduce the contamination level to acceptable reuse limits or otherwise for disposal or discharge to the environment while meeting various real-world design and operating specifications that include requirements for minimum water service and hygienic reasons. A real-world case study is illustrated on a residential household with four occupants by combining engineering experience and physical insights to obtain a realistic model representation of the problem. To circumvent the solution challenge presented by the nonconvex formulation, we apply a convexification strategy to handle the concave terms in the objective function. The proposed approach has demonstrated that significant reductions in freshwater use are possible. (C) 2020 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Ship berthing is a complicated manoeuvring process that demands precise control of the speed and course of an under-actuated system. As berthing involves low speed running of a ship under environmental disturbances wi...
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Unit Commitment (UC) and Optimal Power Flow (OPF) are two fundamental problems in short-term electric power systems planning that are traditionally solved sequentially. The state-of-the-art mostly uses a direct curren...
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Here, we present an end-to-end method to create 2D animation for a goalkeeper attempting to block a penalty kick, and then correct that motion using an iterative nonlinear optimization scheme. The input is a raw video...
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The existence of strictly positive lower bounds on voltage magnitude is taken for granted in optimal power flow problems. Nevertheless, it is not possible to rely on such bounds for a variety of real-world network opt...
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Solving the non-convex optimal power flow (OPF) problem for large-scale power distribution systems is computationally expensive. An alternative is to solve the relaxed convex problem or linear approximated problem, bu...
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We discuss the (first- and second-order) optimality conditions for nonlinear programming under the relaxed constant rank constraint qualification. This condition generalizes the so-called linear independence constrain...
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This paper addresses an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) to the uplink nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) served by a multiantenna receiver for effective data collection from massive devices. We aim to achieve m...
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In this paper, an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) aided uplink (UL) rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) system is investigated for dead-zone users where the direct link between the users and the base station (B...
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We study a new class of estimands in causal inference, which are the solutions to a stochastic nonlinear optimization problem that in general cannot be obtained in closed form. The optimization problem describes the c...
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