Active queue management (AQM) is an effective method used in Internet routers for congestion control, and to achieve a trade off between link utilization and delay. The de facto standard, the random early detection (R...
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Active queue management (AQM) is an effective method used in Internet routers for congestion control, and to achieve a trade off between link utilization and delay. The de facto standard, the random early detection (RED) AQM scheme, and most of its variants use average queue length as a congestion indicator to trigger packet dropping. This paper proposes a novel numerical algorithm based on self-tuning control circuit, called loss ratio and rate control RED (LRC-RED), to regulate the queue length with small variation and to achieve high utilization with small packet loss. This scheme is based on random early detection (RED) of the loss ratio and the total send rate control, and measures the latest packet loss ratio, then uses the latest packet loss ratio and the total input rate as complements to queue length in order to dynamically adjust packet drop probability. Furthermore, we also give a theoretical analysis of system stability and develop a simple, scalable and systematic guideline for the selection of feedback gains for the dynamic TCP/RED system to stabilize the queue length at a desirable level. Extensive simulations have been conducted with ns - 2. The simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed LRC-RED algorithm outperforms the loss ratio-based RED (LRED) [C. Wang, B. Li, Y.T. Hou, K. Sohraby, Y. Lin, LRED: a robust active queue management scheme based on packet loss ratio. in: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 2004, IEEE, 2004] algorithm in terms of stability, fast response time and robustness. (C) 2007 IMACS. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Conventional numerical methods for modeling water seepage hardly provide a realistic description for the associated degradation of rock material and the permeability evolution mechanism. A numerical algorithm was util...
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Conventional numerical methods for modeling water seepage hardly provide a realistic description for the associated degradation of rock material and the permeability evolution mechanism. A numerical algorithm was utilized to investigate the rock seepage evolution process and the course of deformation failure. A theoretical model for depicting the weakening of rocks modulus and strength caused by water absorption in rock substrate was developed, and the mathematical relationships are presented in this paper. The softening process of a siltstone specimen due to water absorption was simulated under low- and high-fluid pressures as the boundary condition based on the theoretical model. Moreover, uniaxial compression test was performed for the specimen under different time of water absorption. The results indicated that the higher the fluid pressure, the quicker that the rock specimen reached saturation. It was observed that at the beginning of a seepage process, the openings are mainly filled by free water, but as time proceeds, there is a transition from absorption of free water in openings to water absorption by rock substrate. Fluid pressure, as the boundary condition, has a controlling effect on seepage rate but barely has any effect on the rate of water absorption in rock substrate. As the time of water absorption increases, rock strength (cohesion and angle of internal friction) decreases gradually until reaching the residual value. The numerical estimation of the changes in water content of rock substrate over time agrees with the theoretical explanations, which indicates high precision of the developed numerical method.
The present paper proposes a new approach to the classical problem of the harmonic oscillations of a thin wing in a flow of non-viscous incompressible fluid. The problem is reduced to a dual integral equation, permitt...
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The present paper proposes a new approach to the classical problem of the harmonic oscillations of a thin wing in a flow of non-viscous incompressible fluid. The problem is reduced to a dual integral equation, permitting application of numerical methods. The numerical experiments are performed by using some advanced fast non-stationary iterative methods, with the help of the two-dimensional Fast Fourier Transform. There is given a brief survey on the iterative methods, to evaluate the most efficient algorithms in application to the considered problem of the flapping wing theory. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
In this paper, a computational model of fuzzy reliability focusing on solving the engineering problems with random general stress-fuzzy general strength is presented. The mathematical basis of this computational model...
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In this paper, a computational model of fuzzy reliability focusing on solving the engineering problems with random general stress-fuzzy general strength is presented. The mathematical basis of this computational model is that the fuzzy probability can be computed with the computational method of conventional probability by use of a mathematical transition. Based on this computational model, a numerical algorithm is given which can be applied to compute the fuzzy reliability of mechanical components, sensors, electronic units, etc. This establishes a basis for the reliability analysis of systems consisting of components with fuzzy reliability. As an example, a case study about the fuzzy reliability analysis of a kind of sensor used in railway systems is provided to verify the logic of this algorithm. The computation results show that this algorithm fits the engineering experience. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
In this paper, we present an algorithmic form of the variational iteration method (VIM) to handle both linear and nonlinear higher order fuzzy integro-differential equations. Using parametric form of fuzzy numbers to ...
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In this paper, we present an algorithmic form of the variational iteration method (VIM) to handle both linear and nonlinear higher order fuzzy integro-differential equations. Using parametric form of fuzzy numbers to convert higher order fuzzy integro-differential equation to a system of higher order integro-differential equations in crisp case. By using the variational integration method we find the approximate solution of this system and consequently we obtain an approximation for fuzzy solution of the higher order fuzzy integro-differential equations. The numerical results are examined.
The work is devoted to a new semi-analytical method, to treat the classical dual integral equation of the lifting surface theory. The method operates with the initial form of the integral equation, and no preliminary ...
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The work is devoted to a new semi-analytical method, to treat the classical dual integral equation of the lifting surface theory. The method operates with the initial form of the integral equation, and no preliminary transformation is needed for the applied efficient approach. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A simple numerical algorithm for the design of a rectangular directional coupler (RDC) with arbitrary couplings is proposed. The performance of a designed RDC is also described. It is seen that the measured data agree...
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A simple numerical algorithm for the design of a rectangular directional coupler (RDC) with arbitrary couplings is proposed. The performance of a designed RDC is also described. It is seen that the measured data agree well with the results predicted by using the proposed algorithm.
In this work, a matrix form of numerical algorithm for spectral shift is presented based on the novel nonequilibrium solvation model that is established by introducing the constrained equilibrium manipulation. This fo...
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In this work, a matrix form of numerical algorithm for spectral shift is presented based on the novel nonequilibrium solvation model that is established by introducing the constrained equilibrium manipulation. This form is convenient for the development of codes for numerical solution. By means of the integral equation formulation polarizable continuum model (IEF-PCM), a subroutine has been implemented to compute spectral shift numerically. Here, the spectral shifts of absorption spectra for several popular chromophores, N,N-diethyl-p-nitroaniline (DEPNA), methylenecyclopropene (MCP), acrolein (ACL) and p-nitroaniline (PNA) were investigated in different solvents with various polarities. The computed spectral shifts can explain the available experimental findings reasonably. Discussions were made on the contributions of solute geometry distortion, electrostatic polarization and other non-electrostatic interactions to spectral shift. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Though considerable efforts have been made to improve the precision of numerical algorithms for obtaining more accurate chatter stability prediction in milling process, a calculation boundary vulnerability, existing g...
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Though considerable efforts have been made to improve the precision of numerical algorithms for obtaining more accurate chatter stability prediction in milling process, a calculation boundary vulnerability, existing generally in numerical predictive methods, is usually ignored, which can significantly reduce accuracy of chatter stability prediction in certain calculated step lengths. Starting from the numerical solution of delay differential equation, this paper first gives a detailed mathematical derivation to demonstrate the beingness of the numerical calculation errors at the crucial step for two equal interval calculation methods of cutting force coefficients, and then discusses the impact of the errors on the convergence effect and prediction accuracy. Afterwards, the methods seeking and repairing the discrete number of time period with vulnerability are proposed, which are verified by the classic milling models. The presented technique could prevent this undesirable boundary vulnerability happening in numerical prediction of milling stability, and help the path planers obtain more accurate parameters which can achieve chatter free in the manufacturing process.
The paper reports new software developments for symmetrical components estimation. Nonrecursive Newton-type algorithm is extended with the second stage algorithm for symmetrical components calculation from the estimat...
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The paper reports new software developments for symmetrical components estimation. Nonrecursive Newton-type algorithm is extended with the second stage algorithm for symmetrical components calculation from the estimated fundamental phasors of three-phase signals (arbitrary voltages or currents). The algorithm is not sensitive to power system frequency changes and to the harmonic distortion of input signals. The algorithm is tested through computer simulations and by using laboratory obtained input signals and those recorded in the real distribution network.
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