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PROGRAM TRANSLATION VIA ABSTRACTION AND REIMPLEMENTATION

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1988年第8期14卷 1207-1228页

作者： WATERS, RC Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139

An abstraction-and-reimplementation paradigm is presented in which the source program is first analyzed in order to obtain a programming-language-independent abstract understanding of the computation performed by the program as a whole. The program is then reimplemented in the target language based on this understanding. The key to this approach is the abstract understanding obtained. It allows the translator to benefit from an appreciation of the global features of the source program without being distracted by what are considered irrelevant details. Knowledge-based translation via abstraction and reimplementation is described as one of the goals of the Programmer's Apprentice project. A translator which translates Cobol programs into Hibol (a very-high-level business data processing language) has been constructed. A computer which generates extremely efficient PDP-11 object code for Pascal programs has been designed.

关键词： Source code object code translator object oriented programming languages COBOL business data processing Language apprentice Abstraction

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Multiresolution video object extraction fitted to scalable wavelet-based object coding

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IET IMAGE PROCESSING 2007年第1期1卷 21-38页

作者： Tab, F. A. Naghdy, G. Mertins, A. Univ Kurdistan Dept Elect & Comp Engn Sanandaj Iran Univ Wollongong Sch Elect Comp & Telecommun Engn Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia Med Univ Lubeck Inst Signal Proc D-23538 Lubeck Germany

To enable content based functionalities in video processing algorithms, decomposition of scenes into semantic objects is necessary. A semi-automatic Markov random field based multi-resolution algorithm is presented for video object extraction in a complex scene. In the first frame, spatial segmentation and user intervention determine objects of interest. The specified objects are subsequently tracked in successive frames and newly appeared objects/regions are also detected. The video object extraction algorithm includes discrete wavelet transform decomposition multi-resolution Markov random field (MRF)-based spatial segmentation with emphasis on border smoothness at different resolutions, and an MRF-based backward region classification that determines the tracked objects in the scene. Finally, a motion constraint, embedded in the region classifier, determines the newly appeared objects/regions and completes the proposed algorithm towards an efficient video segmentation algorithm. The results are applicable for generic segmentation applications, however the proposed multiresolution video segmentation algorithm supports scalable object-based wavelet coding in particular. Moreover, compared to traditional object extraction algorithms, it produces smoother and more visually pleasing shape masks at different resolutions. The proposed effective multiresolution video object extraction method allows for larger motion, better noise tolerance and less computational complexity.

关键词： object code extraction of object noise tolerance Scalability complexity classes Video object tracking objects wavelet coding Markov random fields

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VERSION MANAGEMENT FOR ROPCO - A MICROINCREMENTAL REUSE ENVIRONMENT

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 1993年第11-12期35卷 627-637页

作者： ZAND, MK SAMADZADEH, MH SAIEDIAN, H OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV DEPT COMP SCISTILLWATEROK 74078

Version management is a pervasive issue in computer science. It is an important part of database theory, software engineering, distributed systems, etc. This paper focuses on version management for software being developed in a software development environment or a software factory. The main objective of the paper is to present a new approach on version management Of reusable units of software by using modules/templates as the reusable units. This approach is adopted in the design of a software development environment called ROPCO. Reuse Of Persistent code and object code is an integrated collection of techniques, tools, and structures to facilitate the reusability of persistent code and object code.

关键词： REUSABLE UNITS ROPCO VERSION MANAGEMENT PERSISTENT code object code SOFTWARE REUSE

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A MACHINE-INDEPENDENT LINKER

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 1982年第4期12卷 351-366页

作者： FRASER, CW HANSON, DR Department of Computer Science The University of Arizona Tucson Arizona 85721 U.S.A.

Linkers, although a well-established component of language translation, are typically machine-dependent, idiosyncratic, and hard for many users to understand. This paper describes a machine-independent linker and object language. The linker embodies those linking functions that are machine-independent and centralizes them in a single tool, simplifying compilers, assemblers, and loaders. Included are descriptions of its operation, implementation, and application.

关键词： Linkers Loaders Portability code Generation object code

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Approximate prefix coding for system-on-a-chip programs

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE 2003年第13-15期48卷 367-375页

作者： Weiss, S Tsikel, R Tel Aviv Univ Dept Elect Engn Syst IL-69978 Tel Aviv Israel

The redundancy available in binary programs presents an opportunity for better utilization of limited memory resources in systems-on-a-chip by compressing the instruction memory. Class-based coding, a form of approximate prefix coding, simplifies the code and thus is a suitable compression method for low-cost systems. We present a detailed frequency analysis of the SPEC2000 Alpha binary programs. Based on the results of this analysis, we introduce a new method for constructing classes. Then we apply this method and use it to compress the SPEC2000 Alpha binaries, and show that, in comparison with optimal prefix coding, the loss in compression efficiency is minimal. With some hardware support, the proposed method reduces the on-chip code by 43%. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： computer architecture object code system-on-a-chip RISC

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Shrink-wrap license restrictions - Preempted?

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IEEE MICRO 1997年第1期17卷 75-78页

作者： Stern, RH Laboratory of Chromatography DEPg.Fac.Quimica Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Circuito interior Cd Universitaria/CP 04510 Mexico D.F.Mexico

Software publishers are fond of shrink-wrap licenses. These notices accompany copies of computer programs and state that by using the program you agree not to do various things that the publisher does not want you to do. Typically, for example, the publisher does not want you to disassemble the object code or otherwise reverse-engineer the computer program. Classically, tearing open the package\'s plastic wrapping manifested your consent to the agreement, but variations are now common. For example, the restrictive terms are long and complicated, and you find out about them only by reading the small print on a leaflet inside the box. Therefore, the leaflet states that you manifest consent to the restrictive terms by keeping the product after opening the package instead of taking it back to the retailer for a refund. Or a notice pops up on the screen when you install the program, and installation continues only if you click on a box or icon stating \"I agree to the terms.\" Publishers consider this approach (sometimes termed click-wrap licensing) a necessity with software marketed via the Internet, because the user downloads the program electronically and never opens a shrink-wrapped package. This paper discusses: how to agree to a shrink-wrap licence; advantages for sellers; previous federal precedents; and ProCD case.

关键词： computer software object code encapsulating Cling Film SHRINK WRAPPING consent licensing Licence computer programs Screen Publishers

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SIMULATION OF NEUTRON PRODUCTION USING MCNPX plus MCUNED

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RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2014年第1-4期161卷 261-264页

作者： Erhard, M. Sauvan, P. Nolte, R. Phys Tech Bundesanstalt D-38116 Braunschweig Germany Univ Nacl Educ Distancia ETS Ingenieros Ind Dept Ingn Energet E-28040 Madrid Spain

In standard MCNPX, the production of neutrons by ions cannot be modelled efficiently. The MCUNED patch applied to MCNPX 2.7.0 allows to model the production of neutrons by light ions down to energies of a few kiloelectron volts. This is crucial for the simulation of neutron reference fields. The influence of target properties, such as the diffusion of reactive isotopes into the target backing or the effect of energy and angular straggling, can be studied efficiently. In this work, MCNPX/MCUNED calculations are compared with results obtained with the TARGET code for simulating neutron production. Furthermore, MCUNED incorporates more effective variance reduction techniques and a coincidence counting tally. This allows the simulation of a TCAP experiment being developed at PTB. In this experiment, 14.7-MeV neutrons will be produced by the reaction T(d, n)He-4. The neutron fluence is determined by counting alpha particles, independently of the reaction cross section.

关键词： object code TCAP gene Cross section neutrons neutron production Reference Fields Counters simulating Energy sources light ions Coincidence

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On the Generation of Full-fledged code from UML Profiles and ALF for Complex Systems 12

On the Generation of Full-fledged Code from UML Profiles and...

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12th International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations ITNG

作者： Ciccozzi, Federico Cicchetti, Antonio Sjodin, Mikael Malardalen Univ MRTC Vasteras Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781479988280

Modern software systems are becoming more and more complex thus demanding for new powerful development mechanisms. Model-driven engineering has been recognised as a promising paradigm for the development of complex systems especially for its capability of abstracting the problem through models and then manipulating them to reach the implementation. In this work we provide a solution for the problem of automatically generating target code from models expressed in CHESS-ML, a UML profile that leverages the Action Language for Foundational UML. The goal is to produce code that does not require any manual intervention after its automatic generation to be executed on the target platform. Focus is on the generation of complex systems targeting both single and multi process deployment configurations as well as different execution platforms.

关键词： Complex systems GTF2A1L gene UML object code PROBLEM SOLUTION autogeneration Software systems codes

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Static Analysis of CPU Execution Time Using Implict Path Enumeration Techniques

Static Analysis of CPU Execution Time Using Implict Path Enu...

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1st International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Information Technology (CIIT 2011)

作者： Manjunath, T. K. Sharmila, Chidaravalli Amruta Inst Engn & Management Sci Dept Comp Sci & Engn Bengaluru 562109 India

ISBN: (纸本)9783642257339

Static Analysis of CPU execution time using implicit path enumeration is an approach where translator predicts the execution time of a program. Basically translator is a System Software which converts computer languages to machine understandable formats. Generally these translators will not estimate the CPU execution time of a given program, because execution time usually depends on execution environment like user inputs, system status, and system architecture and so on. This paper provides approach of to predict the CPU execution time of a given program during translation process.

关键词： Execution time Path Analysis Timing Analysis Static Analysis object code

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An Effective Conversion Algorithm of Arithmetic Expression from Infix Form to Prefix Form

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International Conference on Information Technology for Manufacturing Systems (ITMS 2011)

作者： Wang Ting Tan Haoxun Liu Renren Xiangtan Univ Inst Informat Engn Xiangtan Hunan Peoples R China Energy Engn Inst Xiangtan Univ Hunan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037851494

Generally, when we optimize the object code of expression in source program, we get the optimizing code in the binary tree of this expression. Expressions in source program are in infix form, while the prefix form is more efficient for the binary tree. Hence this paper is to provide an effective transition algorithm of arithmetic expression from infix form to prefix form.

关键词： Algorithm Compiler object code Optimize

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