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Ownership as a conceptual modeling construct

DATA & KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING 2007年第2期62卷 248-273页

作者： Halper, Michael Liu, Li-Min Geller, James Perl, Yehoshua Kean Univ Dept Math & Comp Sci Union NJ 07083 USA Chung Yuan Christian Univ Dept Appl Math Chungli Taiwan New Jersey Inst Technol CS Dept Newark NJ 07102 USA

Ownership is a relationship that pervades many aspects of our lives, from the personal to the economic, and is particularly important in the realm of the emerging electronic economy. As it is understood on an intuitive level, ownership exhibits a great deal of complexity and carries a rich semantics with respect both to the owner and the possession. A formal model of an ownership relationship that inherently captures varied ownership semantics is presented. This ownership relationship expands the repertoire of available conceptual data modeling primitives. It is built up from a set of characteristic dimensions, namely, exclusiveness, dependency, documentation, transferability, and inheritance, each of which focuses on a specific aspect of ownership semantics. The data modeler has the ability to make a variety of choices along these five dimensions, and thus has access to a wide range of available ownership features in a declarative fashion. These choices ultimately impose various constraints (specified in OCL) on the states of data objects and their respective ownership activities, including transactions such as acquiring and relinquishing ownership. To complement the formal aspects of the ownership model and enhance its usability, we present a graphical ownership notation that augments the Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagram formalism. An implementation of the ownership relationship in a commercial object-oriented database system is discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： ownership relationship semantic relationship ownership semantics conceptual modeling object-oriented modeling object-oriented database system electronic commerce

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A multi-level architecture for distributed object bases

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DATA & KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING 2007年第1期60卷 150-184页

作者： Kirchberg, Markus Schewe, Klaus-Dieter Tretiakov, Alexei Wang, Baide Richard Massey Univ Informat Sci Res Ctr Palmerston North 5301 New Zealand

The work described in this article arises from two needs. First, there is still a need for providing more sophisticated database systems than just relational ones. Secondly, there is a growing need for distributed databases. These needs are addressed by fragmenting schemata of a generic object data model and providing an architecture for its implementation. Key features of the architecture are the use of abstract communicating agents to realise database transactions and queries, the use of a remote object call mechanism to enable remote agents to communicate with one another, and the use of multilevel transactions. Linguistic reflection is used to map database schemata to the level of the agents. Transparency for the users is achieved by using dialogue objects, which are extended views on the database. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： distributed database architecture object-oriented database system integration of programming and query language constructs multi-level transaction management persistent object store

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Extending the ODMG standard with views

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2002年第3期44卷 161-173页

作者： García-Molina, J Ortín-Ibáñez, MJ García-Mateos, G Univ Murcia Dept Informat & Sistemas E-30071 Murcia Spain

Views are an important functionality provided by the relational database systems. However, commercial object-oriented database systems do not support a view mechanism because defining the semantics of views in the context of an object-oriented model is more difficult than in the relational model. Indeed, views are not included in the ODMG standard. In this paper, we present a proposal aimed at including views in the ODMG, by extending the object model and the object definition language (ODL). We consider object-oriented views as having the same functionality as relational views. Views are included in the object model in such a way that (i) views make a new kind of data type definition, just as are classes, interfaces and literals, (ii) an IS-VIEW relationship is introduced in order to specify the derivation of a view from its base class, and (iii) a view instance preserves the identity of its base instance. A view can import attributes, relationships and operations from its base class, and it can also add new operations, derived attributes and derived relationships. The extent of the view is defined by an object query language (OQL) predicate. We also describe a C++ binding showing the practicability of the proposed model. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： view model view management object-oriented database system ODMG standard

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Representation of standard mechanical components in a STEP-based product data management system

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN TECHNOLOGY 1999年第1期12卷 16-26页

作者： Chao, PY Yeh, SC Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ Dept Mech Engn Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Mech Engn Taipei 10764 Taiwan

A product data management system, PDMS, stores and manages complete information about all its products and related activities. With proper management of such information, product development can be made easier and more efficient. Together with widespread computer network applications, PDMS enables an enterprise to exercise its business activities in a more efficient way. However, the standard representation of product data and their communication are two major obstacles to be overcome. In this paper, we present a set of procedures to represent a standard mechanical component and propose a method for the data management and its communication within the PDMS. The Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data, STEP, is used for the data representation. The object database management system, ODBMS, is used for the data management because of the object-oriented nature developed by STEP. The open database connectivity, ODBC, server is also introduced for connecting different databases on the network. With the proposed procedure and architecture, we demonstrate the way to implement STEP and the way to merge the object-oriented modelled data in the PDMS. As STEP matures and computer networks Set faster and more popular, the networked PDMS will be a must for future enterprises.

关键词： BPR CALS concurrent engineering object-oriented database system PDMS STEP

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CRF:A Scheduling of Multi-Granularity Locks in object-oriented database systems

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Journal of systems Engineering and Electronics 1998年第4期9卷 51-57页

作者： Qin Xiao & Pang Liping(Department of Computer Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074, P. R. China) Department of Computer Science H azhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China

This paper introduces a multi-granularity locking model (MGL) for concurrency control in object-oriented database system briefiy, and presents a MGL model formally. Four lockingscheduling algorithms for MGL are proposed in the paper. The ideas of single queue scheduling(SQS) and dual queue scheduling (DQS) are proposed and the algorithm and the performance evaluation for these two scheduling are presented in some paper. This paper describes a new idea of thescheduling for MGL, compatible requests first (CRF). Combining the new idea with SQS and DQS,we propose two new scheduling algorithms called CRFS and CRFD. After describing the simulationmodel, this paper illustrates the comparisons of the performance among these four algorithms. Asshown in the experiments, DQS has better performance than SQS, CRFD is better than DQS, CRFSperforms better than SQS, and CRFS is the best one of these four scheduling algorithms.

关键词： Lock scheduling Multi-granularity lock Concurrency control Compatible requestsfirst Single queue scheduling Dual queue scheduling object-oriented database system

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A survey of architectural features of contemporary object storage systems

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JOURNAL OF systemS ARCHITECTURE 1998年第5期45卷 363-386页

作者： Ahn, JH Lee, SW Song, HJ Kim, HJ Seoul Natl Univ Dept Comp Engn Gwanak Gu Seoul 151742 South Korea

In recent years, many object-oriented database systems have been developed and have become widely accepted in the DBMS commercial market. An efficient object manager, which is a middle layer on top of a storage system, is essential to ensure reasonable performance of object-oriented database systems, since a traditional record-based storage system is too simple to provide object abstraction. In this paper, we first explore the current state-of-the-art of object storage systems - object managers in combination with storage systems - by focusing on three main architectural issues: client-server architecture, object identifier representation, and the object access method. Then, we identify the dependencies between these factors and propose a general guideline for the design and implementation of an ideal object storage system that provides transparency, high performance, and flexibility. In addition, we briefly discuss transaction processing, object clustering, and object versioning that are closely related to improving the performance and the modeling power of object storage systems. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： object manager storage system object-oriented database system survey

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Implementation and evaluation of an ASN.1 database on OODBMS

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systems and Computers in Japan 1998年第7期28卷

作者： Kaname Harumoto Masahiko Tsukamoto Bo-jiang Liu Shojiro Nishio Osaka University Osaka Japan

With recent spread of network environments, exchange of diverse and voluminous data between computers gains increasing importance. Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) was proposed as a language to define data structures and representation formats irrespective of computer architectures. ASN.1-based applications are constantly growing in number, but development efficiency is impeded by the fact that unique methods of data storage and management are employed for different applications. This paper offers an implementation of ASN.1 compiler that allows one to apply data storage and management functions of OODBMS to ASN.1-based applications. Using this ASN.1 compiler, data storage and management functions become easily available by means of several additional compiler directives. For the purpose of evaluation of the proposed method, directory information base was developed for OSI Directory, and an acceptable database access time was obtained. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 28(7): 56–64, 1997

关键词： Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) ASN.1 compiler object-oriented database system communication program

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DICE: Declarative integrity constraint embedding into the object database standard ODMG-93

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DATA & KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING 1997年第2期23卷 119-145页

作者： Fahrner, C Marx, T Philippi, S UNIV KOBLENZ DEPT COMP SCI KOBLENZ GERMANY UNIV MUNSTER INST WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMAT D-4400 MUNSTER GERMANY

In this paper we present a new approach for embedding integrity constraints into object-oriented database systems (OODBS), which can not be specified implicitly by structure or explicitly by keywords of the system. To take those integrity constraints into consideration they have to be integrated into the behavioral part of an object-oriented schema. This paper gives a survey of the existing proposals for this integration and presents a new one, DICE, to overcome the drawbacks of the reviewed solutions. As an example we describe the integration of DICE into object-oriented schema according to ODMG-93.

关键词： integrity constraint constraint checking object-oriented database system ODMG schema evolution

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MULTILEVEL SECURITY FOR INFORMATION-RETRIEVAL systemS .2.

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INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1995年第1期28卷 49-61页

作者： THURAISINGHAM, B MITRE CORP DATABASE SPECIALTY GRPBURLINGTON RDBEDFORDMA 01730 USA

In this paper we describe multilevel security issues for hypermedia-based information retrieval database management systems. We first summarize the discussion in our earlier paper on the use of object-oriented approach for developing secure information retrieval systems and then discuss in detail how such a system can be augmented by a Linker to provide hypermedia database management system capabilities. In particular, we discuss various types of nodes and links, an architecture for a hypermedia-based information retrieval system, the various functions of such a system including information retrieval, browsing and update operations, and the interface to the underlying multilevel secure information retrieval system. Finally, the concepts are illustrated using an example.

关键词： INFORMATION RETRIEVAL database system MULTILEVEL SECURITY object-oriented database system HYPERMEDIA system NODE LINK INFORMATION RETRIEVAL BROWSING UPDATE OPERATION MULTIMEDIA DOCUMENT

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EFFICIENCY OF THE CONFLICT-PRESERVING SERIALIZABLE SCHEDULER FOR object-oriented databaseS

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systemS AND COMPUTERS IN JAPAN 1995年第7期26卷 34-46页

作者： TANIGUCHI, S NISHIO, S KUBO, N OSAKA UNIV FAC ENGNSUITAOSAKA 565JAPAN NEC CORP LTD C&C SYST RES LABSKAWASAKIKANAGAWA 216JAPAN

This paper discusses the concurrency control of the object-oriented database system (OODBS), and presents a simulation model for the following basic elements which should be considered from the viewpoint of the data structure: (1) the entity should be modeled, based on the concept of object;(2) the definition of the attribute and the method should be inherited based on the class hierarchy;and (3) the composite object should be realized. Based on this model, performance evaluations are conducted on Two-Phase Locking protocol (2PL) and Conflict-Preserving Serializable scheduler (CPS). From investigations, so far, on the flat structure, CPS has shown better performance than 2PL. As a result of this study, however, it is shown that in the prominent data structure of OODBS, there exist access conflicts where the optimistic concurrency control such as CPS works effectively, as well as access conflicts where the pessimistic concurrency control such as 2PL works effectively.

关键词： object-oriented database system CONCURRENCY CONTROL 2-PHASE LOCKING PROTOCOL CONFLICT-PRESERVING SERIALIZABLE SCHEDULER PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

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