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Component-based simulation for a reconfiguration study of transitic systems

SIMULATION-TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION INTERNATIONAL 2004年第3期80卷 153-163页

作者： Kindler, E Coudert, T Berruet, P Univ Ostrava Fac Sci CZ-70103 Ostrava Czech Republic Univ Bretagne Sud Ctr Rech F-56321 Lorient France

This paper is organized as follows. Part A presents the context of reconfiguring transitic systems and the main idea in implementing the decision step. It comprises sections 1 to 3. Section 3 presents an example that illustrates the concepts presented in the next sections. Parts B and C express the models and principles used to simulate transitic systems, the result of which will be helpful for choosing the new configuration. Part B focuses mainly on models. It comprises sections 4 to 6. Part C focuses mainly on simulation principles. It comprises sections 7 to 10.

关键词： transitic systems object-oriented programming conveyors with rollers nesting models reflective simulation

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Implementation of design sensitivity analysis and numerical optimization in engineering analysis

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APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING 1996年第11期20卷 792-799页

作者： Tiller, MM Dantzig, JA UNIV ILLINOIS DEPT MECH & IND ENGN URBANA IL 61801 USA

In this paper we present an approach to integrating optimisation tools with simulation software to achieve user-defined objectives. A formal protocol is presented, including specific definitions of the requirements of the simulator, optimiser, and design interface. A discussion of the mathematical issues and the efficiency of different approaches for computing sensitivities is given. We then discuss the source code modifications necessary to accomplish the integration of simulation and optimisation. (C) 1996 by Elsevier Science Inc.

关键词： optimization sensitivity analysis finite element method object-oriented programming

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OpenMAC: a new reconfigurable experimental platform for energy-efficient medium access control protocols

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IET SCIENCE MEASUREMENT & TECHNOLOGY 2012年第3期6卷 139-148页

作者： Vazquez Gallego, F. Alonso-Zarate, J. Liss, C. Verikoukis, Ch. CTTC Barcelona 08860 Spain InnoRoute GmbH D-80058 Munich Germany

OpenMAC is presented in this study as an innovative reconfigurable platform which overcomes the limitations of state-of-the-art experimental tools to test medium access control (MAC) protocols. The purpose of the OpenMAC platform is to simplify the prototyping process by enabling the implementation of MAC protocols designed in C++, relieving the protocol designer from the hardware and timing aspects, and thus avoiding the need to code optimised C/assembly or hardware description language (HDL). Aiming to reduce the hardware design and implementation costs with respect to custom hardware solutions, the OpenMAC platform has been implemented on an inexpensive off-the-shelf reconfigurable field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based development board with a processor embedded in the FPGA. The challenge presented by the proposed platform is to fulfil strict MAC time-constraints with compiled straightforward and clean C++ code. For this purpose, the OpenMAC platform introduces an innovative hardware/software partitioning concept for MAC protocol implementation which is based on a shared-memory architecture. Measurements carried out on an FPGA board demonstrate that this platform meets the short inter-frame space (SIFS) specification of the IEEE 802.11 standard, hence enabling field testing of prototyped MAC protocols.

关键词： C++ code Protocols Logic and switching circuits short inter-frame space specification Logic circuits hardware design C++ language hardware-software partitioning concept shared-memory architecture IEEE 802.11 standard MAC protocol FPGA-based development board energy-efficient medium access control protocol field programmable gate arrays off-the-shelf reconfigurable field programmable gate array implementation cost reduction wireless LAN OpenMAC platform reconfigurable experimental platform processor access protocols cost reduction shared memory systems object-oriented programming

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DOOLINES: an object-oriented framework for non-linear static and dynamic analyses of offshore lines

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ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS 2012年第2期28卷 149-159页

作者： da Silveira, Eduardo S. S. Lages, Eduardo N. Ferreira, Fabio M. G. Univ Fed Alagoas Lab Computacao Cient & Visualizacao BR-57072970 Maceio AL Brazil

We present an object-oriented framework, named DOOLINES , for non-linear static and dynamic analyses of slender marine structures which often appear in offshore structures employed in the petroleum and gas industries as, among others, flexible risers, steel catenary risers, umbilicals, floating hoses, and mooring lines. DOOLINES allows the rapid development of tailored, modular, reusable and extensible large-size systems, being itself extensible. These properties, along with the ease of use of our framework, are assessed by means of case studies. Code examples are provided.

关键词： Dynamic simulation Finite element method Framework object-oriented programming Offshore structures Software reuse

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The structural complexity of software: An experimental test

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2005年第11期31卷 982-995页

作者： Darcy, DP Kemerer, CF Slaughter, SA Tomayko, JE Univ Maryland Sch Business College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Pittsburgh Joseph M Katz Grad Sch Business Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ David A Tepper Grad Sch Business Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Sch Comp Sci Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

This research examines the structural complexity of software and, specifically, the potential interaction of the two dominant dimensions of structural complexity, coupling and cohesion. Analysis based on an information processing view of developer cognition results in a theoretically driven model with cohesion as a moderator for a main effect of coupling on effort. An empirical test of the model was devised in a software maintenance context utilizing both procedural and object-oriented tasks, with professional software engineers as participants. The results support the model in that there was a significant interaction effect between coupling and cohesion on effort, even though there was no main effect for either coupling or cohesion. The implication of this result is that, when designing, implementing, and maintaining software to control complexity, both coupling and cohesion should be considered jointly, instead of independently. By providing guidance on structuring software for software professionals and researchers, these results enable software to continue as the solution of choice for a wider range of richer, more complex problems.

关键词： software complexity software structure Wood's model of task complexity coupling cohesion experiment software maintenance software metrics cognition procedural programming object-oriented programming

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INTEGRATING MULTIPLE PARADIGMS WITHIN THE BLACKBOARD FRAMEWORK

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1995年第3期21卷 244-262页

作者： VRANES, S STANOJEVIC, M Mihajlo Pupin institute Computer Systems Department Belgrade 11060 Yugoslavia

While early knowledge-based systems suffered the frequent criticism of having little relevance to the real world, an increasing number of current applications deal with complex, real-world problems. Due to the complexity of real-world situations, no one general software technique can produce adequate results in different problem domains, and artificial intelligence usually needs to be integrated with conventional paradigms for efficient solutions. The complexity and diversity of real-world applications have also forced the researchers in the AI field to focus more on the integration of diverse knowledge representation and reasoning techniques for solving challenging, real-world problems. Our development environment, BEST (Blackboard-based Expert Systems Toolkit), is aimed to provide the ability to produce large-scale, evolvable, heterogeneous intelligent systems. BEST incorporates the best of multiple programming paradigms in order to avoid restricting users to a single way of expressing either knowledge or data. It combines rule-based programming, object-oriented programming, logic programming, procedural programming and blackboard modelling in a single architecture for knowledge engineering, so that the user can tailor a style of programming to his application, using any or arbitrary combinations of methods to provide a complete solution. The deep integration of all these techniques yields a toolkit more effective even for a specific single application than any technique in isolation or collections of multiple techniques less fully integrated. Within the basic, knowledge-based programming paradigm, BEST offers a multiparadigm language for representing complex knowledge, including incomplete and uncertain knowledge. Its problem solving facilities include truth maintenance, inheritance over arbitrary relations, temporal and hypothetical reasoning, opportunistic control, automatic partitioning and scheduling, and both blackboard and distributed problem-solving paradi

关键词： ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BLACKBOARD MODEL EXPERT SYSTEMS LOGIC programming MODEL-BASED REASONING MULTIPARADIGM APPROACH object-oriented programming PROCEDURAL-programming RULE-BASED programming

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Applying a reusable framework for software selection

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IET SOFTWARE 2009年第5期3卷 369-380页

作者： Maxville, V. Armarego, J. Lam, C. P. Edith Cowan Univ Perth WA Australia Murdoch Univ Perth WA Australia

With increasing use of component-based development (CBD), the process for selecting software from repositories is a critical concern for quality systems development. As support for developers blending in-house and third party software, the context-driven component evaluation (CdCE) process provides a three-phase approach to software selection: filtering to a short list, functional evaluation and ranking. The process was developed through iterative experimentation on real-world data. CdCE has tool support to generate classifier models, shortlists and test cases as artefacts that provide for a repeatable, transparent process that can be reused as the system evolves. Although developed for software component selection, the CdCE process framework can be easily modified for other selection tasks by substituting templates, tools, evaluation criteria and/or repositories. In this article the authors describe the CdCE process and its development, the CdCE framework as a reusable pattern for software selection and provide a case study where the process is applied.

关键词： Computer equipment and software evaluation methods three-phase approach component-based development software reusability Software engineering techniques software quality iterative experimentation object-oriented programming reusable pattern framework object-oriented programming software selection context-driven component evaluation quality systems development

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Formal modelling of a sheet metal smart manufacturing system by using Petri nets and first-order predicate logic

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JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING 2021年第4期32卷 1043-1063页

作者： Lu, Juan Ou, Chengyi Liao, Chen Zhang, Zhenkun Chen, Kai Liao, Xiaoping Guangxi Univ Guangxi Key Lab Mfg Syst & Adv Mfg Technol Nanning 530004 Peoples R China Beibu Gulf Univ Dept Mech & Marine Engn Qinzhou 535011 Peoples R China Guangxi Univ Dept Mech Engn Nanning 530004 Peoples R China Guangxi Automobile Grp Co Ltd Liuzhou Peoples R China Shenzhen Cyberspace Lab Pengcheng Lab Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

This study introduces a developed method to a smart computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system, where layout design, process planning, and comprehensive computerized numerical control (CNC) code generation can be implemented to satisfy laser cutting holes, tapping, irregular and complicated profile processing, engraving, and burr back-scraping. The smart CAD/CAM(SCAM) system is developed as a commercial software product or application and firstly applied to flexible sheet metal machining center (BGL 130R). In this study, a formal modeling method involving Petri nets and first-order predicate logic is proposed to develop the smart manufacturing system. High-level Petri nets are employed to achieve the formal application architecture design of data flow for various functions, and the first-order logic used to represent the process plan is defined and deduced according to the machining methods. The developed system possesses the following characteristics: (1) a sound and complete deductive system to implement various types of trajectory planning, automatic generation, and validation of the CNC code;(2) a convenient design input environment and readiness for re-design and modification by adding specific design functions and using standard design procedures on a widely used CAD/CAM package;(3) helpful for designers in sheet metal layout designing, layout interference detection, process planning validation, preprocess manufacturing operation of CNC code generation, and autodefinition of storable file names;and (4) formal and simple in human-computer interaction, automatic and intelligent in process operations, and satisfactory in terms of the requirements of the flexible sheet metal machining center (BGL 130R).

关键词： Smart CAD CAM High-level petri nets object-oriented programming First-order predicate logic Process planning Layout design

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Geometrically nonlinear analysis by the generalized finite element method

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ENGINEERING COMPUTATIONS 2021年第1期38卷 266-288页

作者： Gomes, Lorena Leocadio Barros, Felicio Bruzzi Penna, Samuel Silva Pitangueira, Roque Luiz da Silva Univ Fed Minas Gerais Sch Engn Dept Struct Engn Belo Horizonte MG Brazil

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the capabilities of the generalized finite element method (GFEM) under the context of the geometrically nonlinear analysis. The effect of large displacements and deformations, typical of such analysis, induces a significant distortion of the element mesh, penalizing the quality of the standard finite element method approximation. The main concern here is to identify how the enrichment strategy from GFEM, that usually makes this method less susceptible to the mesh distortion, may be used under the total and updated Lagrangian formulations. Design/methodology/approach An existing computational environment that allows linear and nonlinear analysis, has been used to implement the analysis with geometric nonlinearity by GFEM, using different polynomial enrichments. Findings The geometrically nonlinear analysis using total and updated Lagrangian formulations are considered in GFEM. Classical problems are numerically simulated and the accuracy and robustness of the GFEM are highlighted. Originality/value This study shows a novel study about GFEM analysis using a complete polynomial space to enrich the approximation of the geometrically nonlinear analysis adopting the total and updated Lagrangian formulations. This strategy guarantees the good precision of the analysis for higher level of mesh distortion in the case of the total Lagrangian formulation. On the other hand, in the updated Lagrangian approach, the need of updating the degrees of freedom during the incremental and iterative solution are for the first time identified and discussed here.

关键词： Generalized finite element method Computational mechanics Geometrically nonlinear analysis object-oriented programming Partition unity methods

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On the correlation between size and metric validity

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EMPIRICAL SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2017年第5期22卷 2585-2611页

作者： Gil, Yossi Lalouche, Gal Technion Israel Inst Technol Dept Comp Sci IL-3200003 Haifa Israel

Empirical validation of code metrics has a long history of success. Many metrics have been shown to be good predictors of external features, such as correlation to bugs. Our study provides an alternative explanation to such validation, attributing it to the confounding effect of size. In contradiction to received wisdom, we argue that the validity of a metric can be explained by its correlation to the size of the code artifact. In fact, this work came about in view of our failure in the quest of finding a metric that is both valid and free of this confounding effect. Our main discovery is that, with the appropriate (non-parametric) transformations, the validity of a metric can be accurately (with R-squared values being at times as high as 0.97) predicted from its correlation with size. The reported results are with respect to a suite of 26 metrics, that includes the famous Chidamber and Kemerer metrics. Concretely, it is shown that the more a metric is correlated with size, the more able it is to predict external features values, and vice-versa. We consider two methods for controlling for size, by linear transformations. As it turns out, metrics controlled for size, tend to eliminate their predictive capabilities. We also show that the famous Chidamber and Kemerer metrics are no better than other metrics in our suite. Overall, our results suggest code size is the only "unique" valid metric.

关键词： Software engineering object-oriented programming

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