In this paper, the analysis of hyperbolic cooling tower on elastic subsoil exposed to unsymmetrical wind loading is presented. Modified Vlasov foundation model is used to determine the soil parameters as a function of...
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In this paper, the analysis of hyperbolic cooling tower on elastic subsoil exposed to unsymmetrical wind loading is presented. Modified Vlasov foundation model is used to determine the soil parameters as a function of vertical deformation profile within subsoil. The iterative parameter updating procedure involves the use of open application programming interface (OAPI) feature of SAP2000 to provide two way data flow during execution. A computing tool coded in MATLAB employing OAPI is used to perform the analysis of hyperbolic cooling tower with supporting columns over a hollow annular raft founded on elastic subsoil. The analysis of such complex soil-structure system is investigated under self-weight and unsymmetrical wind load. The response of the cooling tower on elastic subsoil is compared with that of a tower that its supporting raft foundation is treated as fixed at the base. The results show that the effect of subsoil on the behavior of cooling tower is considerable at the top and bottom of the wall as well as supporting columns and raft foundation. The application of a full-size cooling tower has demonstrated that the procedure is simple, fast and can easily be implemented in practice.
In this study, to improve the algorithmic performance of standard grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) that mimics the foraging characterizations of grasshoppers as in swarms, four modified versions of which are p...
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In this study, to improve the algorithmic performance of standard grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) that mimics the foraging characterizations of grasshoppers as in swarms, four modified versions of which are proposed to solve large-scale real-size complex both truss and frame type steel structures. All proposed GOA encoded are supplied reciprocatively data transfer with structural analysis software (SAP2000) to easily get the structural responses via open application programming interface functions. Initially, the algorithmic performances of standard GOA and its proposed modified versions are evaluated on two small-size benchmark engineering design problems, namely pressure vessel and grain train design problems. And then, a 160-bar space steel pyramid, a 693-bar space braced steel barrel vault, and a 455-member spatial braced steel frame are considered as large-scale real-size structural design problems. These structures are optimally designed to reach the best feasible economic structures with minimum design weights while satisfying the structural behavior limitations such as displacement, drift, strength, and stability that are taken from specifications of the American Institute of Steel Construction-Load and Resistance Factor Design. Consequently, the performances of all proposed GO algorithms in finding the optimum designs of large-scale real-size steel structures are compared and evaluated in detail.
The paper focuses on the seismic responses of a hyperbolic cooling tower resting on soil foundation represented by the three-parameter Vlasov elastic soil model. The three-parameter soil model eliminates the necessity...
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The paper focuses on the seismic responses of a hyperbolic cooling tower resting on soil foundation represented by the three-parameter Vlasov elastic soil model. The three-parameter soil model eliminates the necessity of field testing to determine soil parameters such as reaction modulus and shear parameter. These parameters are calculated using an iterative procedure depending on the soil surface vertical deformation profile in the model. The soil and tower system are modeled in SAP2000 structural analysis program using a computing tool coded in MATLAB. The tool provides a two-way data transfer between SAP2000 and MATLAB with the help of open application programming interface (OAPI) feature of SAP2000. The response spectrum analyses of the tower system with circular V-shaped supporting columns and annular raft foundation on elastic soil are conducted thanks to the coded tool. The shell and column forces and displacements are presented for different soil conditions and fixed raft base condition to investigate the effects of soil-structure interaction. Numerical results indicate that the flexibility of soil foundation leads to an increase in displacements but a decrease in shell membrane and column forces. Therefore, it can be stated that the consideration of soil-structure interaction in the seismic response analysis of the cooling tower system provides an economical design process.
The main purpose of this paper is to apply the modified Vlasov foundation model to free vibration analyses of hyperbolic cooling towers resting on elastic foundations. Moreover, the influence of some characteristic pa...
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The main purpose of this paper is to apply the modified Vlasov foundation model to free vibration analyses of hyperbolic cooling towers resting on elastic foundations. Moreover, the influence of some characteristic parameters such as thickness, height, curvature and throat level on the frequency response of cooling towers on elastic foundations is investigated. For this purpose, a computing tool coded in MATLAB employing open application programming interface feature of SAP2000 to provide two-way data flow during execution is used to perform the analyses of hyperbolic cooling towers with supporting columns over hollow annular rafts founded on elastic subsoil. The circumferential, lateral and extensional natural frequency parameters of cooling towers are presented in tabular and graphical forms to evaluate the effects of the geometric parameters and soil-structure interaction. As far as numerical examples are considered, it can be concluded that the soil-structure interactive behavior of the tower leads to a remarkable decrease in the frequency parameter of the system compared to the fixed based condition. Moreover, the frequency parameters are considerably affected by altering geometrical parameters.
Middleware following service oriented architecture will be a likely utilised concept in pervasive computing. Service discovery is regarded as one of the key features of middleware following service oriented architectu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781932415698
Middleware following service oriented architecture will be a likely utilised concept in pervasive computing. Service discovery is regarded as one of the key features of middleware following service oriented architecture on mobile devices in pervasive computing. In open world environments the question of locating a service discovery mechanism arises. Existing research focuses on improving performance and accuracy of service discovery. An open issue is how services in pervasive computing find and use service discovery technologies available. This paper presents an open service discovery API designed to give a well known handle to service discovery technologies. The A PI proposed is designed for being implemented in middleware managers coordinating middleware following the service oriented architecture. A protolypic implementation of the proposed AN is presented in FAME(2), middleware following service oriented architecture and targeted towards use on mobile devices.
In this paper, the problem of simultaneous shape and size optimization of single-layer barrel vault frames which contains both of discrete and continuous variables is addressed. In this method, the improved magnetic c...
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In this paper, the problem of simultaneous shape and size optimization of single-layer barrel vault frames which contains both of discrete and continuous variables is addressed. In this method, the improved magnetic charged system search (IMCSS) is utilized as the optimization algorithm and the open application programming interface (OAPI) plays the role of interfacing analysis software with the programming language. A comparison between the results of the present method and some existing algorithms confirms the high ability of this approach in simultaneous shape and size optimization of the practical and large-scale spatial structures.
The Integrated Clinical and Environmental Exposures Service (ICEES) provides open regulatory-compliant access to clinical data, including electronic health record data, that have been integrated with environmental exp...
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The Integrated Clinical and Environmental Exposures Service (ICEES) provides open regulatory-compliant access to clinical data, including electronic health record data, that have been integrated with environmental exposures data. While ICEES has been validated in the context of an asthma use case and several other use cases, the regulatory constraints on the ICEES open application programming interface (openAPI) result in data loss when using the service for multivariate analysis. In this study, we investigated the robustness of the ICEES openAPI through a comparative analysis, in which we applied a generalized linear model (GLM) to the openAPI data and the constraint-free source data to examine factors predictive of asthma exacerbations. Consistent with previous studies, we found that the main predictors identified by both analyses were sex, prednisone, race, obesity, and airborne particulate exposure. Comparison of GLM model fit revealed that data loss impacts model quality, but only with select interaction terms. We conclude that the ICEES openAPI supports multivariate analysis, albeit with potential data loss that users should be aware of.
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