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Monte-Carlo based approach to consider the cost of voltage dip and long duration interruption in optimal planning of SDGs

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2018年第8期12卷 1856-1865页

作者： Eslami, Ahmadreza Golshan, Mohammad Esmail Hamedani Isfahan Univ Technol Dept Elect & Comp Engn Esfahan Iran

Voltage dip and long duration interruption (LDI) are among the most costly power quality phenomena. In this study, a Monte-Carlo based approach is proposed to consider the cost of sensitive loads disruption caused by dip and LDI in the optimal planning of synchronous distributed generations (SDGs). The idea is to link between trip probability due to dip and LDI and their yearly costs by employing Monte-Carlo simulation and acquiring their total costs during the planning horizon. The addition of disruption cost along with the traditional planning objectives like network upgrade cost and loss cost allows utilities to include the customer's perception during planning. A formula for the probability of disruption due to dip is derived and a modified Monte-Carlo approach is proposed. The methodology is illustrated on the distribution level of the IEEE 30-bus system and the optimisation problem is solved by particle swarm optimisation algorithm. The results demonstrate that the sensitive loads performance is improved from the dip standpoint in the presence of SDGs. However, the LDI cost is either not affected or aggravated by the presence of SDGs depending on the protection model. The total disruption cost is decreased.

关键词： distributed power generation Monte Carlo methods power supply quality power distribution planning particle swarm optimisation power distribution protection Monte-Carlo based approach voltage dip long duration interruption optimal planning SDG LDI power quality phenomena synchronous distributed generations trip probability network upgrade cost loss cost distribution level IEEE 30-bus system particle swarm optimisation algorithm sensitive loads performance dip standpoint protection model

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Structural evolution and properties of small-size thiol-protected gold nanoclusters

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MOLECULAR PHYSICS 2018年第14期116卷 1804-1811页

作者： Ma, Miaomiao Liu, Liren Zhu, Hengjiang Lu, Junzhe Tan, Guiping Xinjiang Normal Univ Coll Phys & Elect Engn Urumqi 830054 Peoples R China Key Lab Mineral Luminescence Mat & Micro Struct X Urumqi Peoples R China

Ligand-protected gold clusters are widely used in biosensors and catalysis. Understanding the structural evolution of these kinds of nanoclusters is important for experimental synthesis. Herein, based on the particle swarm optimisation algorithm and density functional theory method, we use [Au-1(SH)(2)](n), [Au-2(SH)(3)](n), [Au-3(SH)(4)](n) (n=1-3) as basic units to research the structural evolution relationships from building blocks to the final whole structures. Results show that there is a line-ring-core' structural evolution pattern in the growth process of the nanoclusters. The core structures of the ligand-protected gold clusters consist of Au-3, Au-4, Au-6 and Au-7 atoms. The electronics and optics analysis reflects that stability and optical properties gradually enhance with increase in size. These results can be used to understand the initial growth stage and design new ligand-protected nanoclusters. [GRAPHICS] .

关键词： Thiolated gold clusters particle swarm optimisation algorithm DFT structural evolution

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Application of PMUs for adaptive protection of overcurrent relays in microgrids

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2018年第18期12卷 4061-4068页

作者： Zanjani, Mohsen Ghalei Monfared Mazlumi, Kazem Kamwa, Innocent Univ Zanjan Dept Elect Engn Zanjan Iran Hydroquebec Res Inst IREQ Power Syst & Math Quebec City PQ Canada

This study proposes a new application of micro-phasor measurement units (mu PMUs) for adaptive coordination of overcurrent relays in microgrids. Mis-coordination of overcurrent relays usually arising from the variation of relays fault current and it can cause damage to equipment of network and raise operating costs. Fault current injection and direction to microgrid are highly dependent on network uncertainties;therefore, fault current is affected by line and power plant outages. This study proposes an algorithm to detect these uncertainties in online operation. Then, microgrid overcurrent relays coordination is optimised again. Uncertainties are line and power plant outages in transmission network and microgrid side and two distinct methods are used for each. For online detection of uncertainties in the transmission side, it is assumed that a mu PMU is installed between transmission network and microgrid point of common coupling;so, the topology changes such as line outage is detected by monitoring of Thevenin impedance estimation that is obtained by mu PMU measurements. Uncertainties detection in a microgrid is done by signals that are sent by mu PMUs and installed all over the microgrid. All data are gathered and analysed in phasor data concentrators and then overcurrent relays coordination is updated with such changes.

关键词： phasor measurement relay protection distributed power generation power generation protection overcurrent protection power generation faults power transmission protection power transmission faults particle swarm optimisation fault currents power generation reliability power transmission reliability PMU adaptive overcurrent relay protection microgrid overcurrent relays coordination microphasor measurement units relays fault current operating costs fault current injection network uncertainties line outages power plant outages transmission network online uncertainty detection Thevenin impedance estimation microgrid point-of-common coupling data analysis phasor data concentrators particle swarm optimisation algorithm IEEE 9-bus system DigSILENT software package MATLAB software package

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Modelling of supercapacitors based on SVM and PSO algorithms

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IET ELECTRIC POWER APPLICATIONS 2018年第4期12卷 502-507页

作者： Ding, Shichuan Hang, Jun Wei, Baolei Wang, Qunjing Anhui Univ Sch Elect Engn & Automat Hefei Anhui Peoples R China Anhui Univ Natl Engn Lab Energy Saving Motor & Control Tech Hefei Anhui Peoples R China

Supercapacitors present an attractive energy storage alternative for high-performance applications due to their compact size and high-power density. Therefore, the supercapacitors have broad prospects for the development in the field of electric vehicles and renewable energy. To describe the output characteristics of the supercapacitors with high accuracy for the simulation research and practical application, a dynamic modelling method is proposed for the supercapacitors based on support vector machine (SVM) and particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm. In this study, the SVM is used to predict the output voltage of the supercapacitors with the key parameters (temperature, current and initial voltage). The PSO algorithm is adopted to optimise the parameters of the SVM to improve the performance of the dynamic modelling. An experimental platform is established, where an electric machine drive system powered by the supercapacitors is controlled to operate at frequent acceleration and deceleration modes, thus leading to the frequent charging and discharging of the supercapacitors. The experimental data is collected to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can effectively predict the output voltage of the supercapacitors.

关键词： supercapacitors particle swarm optimisation support vector machines power engineering computing electric drives machine control supercapacitors modelling SVM algorithm PSO algorithm energy storage dynamic modelling method support vector machine algorithm particle swarm optimisation algorithm output voltage prediction temperature current initial voltage parameter optimization electric machine drive system frequent acceleration mode frequent mode frequent supercapacitor charging frequent supercapacitor discharging

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Protection coordination of directional overcurrent relays: new time current characteristic and objective function

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2018年第1期12卷 190-199页

作者： Yazdaninejadi, Amin Naderi, Mehdi S. Gharehpetian, Gevork B. Talavat, Vahid Urmia Univ Elect Engn Dept Orumiyeh Iran Amirkabir Univ IGSORC Tehran Iran Amirkabir Univ Elect Engn Dept Tehran Iran

Clearing power grid faults swiftly and selectively offers higher security, reliability and sustainability. Accomplishing this aim by deploying directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) is one of the major challenges in meshed and multisource distribution networks. To overcome this challenge, the current study elaborates a new coordination strategy which concentrates on minimising overall operation time of relays. In this strategy, an auxiliary variable is added to classical operation time model of each DOCR. All the auxiliary variables are considered as coordination constraints which help to yield new and well-defined time current characteristics (TCCs). In other words, more flexibility is attained in adjusting relay's characteristic which helps to alleviate clearing time of faults. The obtained TCCs can be easily performed by numerical relays. In addition, a new objective function is defined to steer the relay settings towards optimal solutions conveniently. It was shown that the proposed approach not only reduces the operation time of relays, but also prevents miscoordinations. This approach demonstrates a non-linear programming model tackled by particle swarm optimisation algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified via 8-bus and IEEE 14-bus test systems and results are discussed in depth.

关键词： relay protection overcurrent protection power grids fault diagnosis power distribution protection nonlinear programming numerical analysis protection coordination directional overcurrent relays DOCR time current characteristic objective function power grid faults meshed distribution networks multisource distribution networks classical operation time model auxiliary variables coordination constraints TCC numerical relays operation time nonlinear programming model particle swarm optimisation algorithm 8-bus test systems IEEE 14-bus test systems

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Hysteresis modelling and feedforward compensation of piezoelectric nanopositioning stage with a modified Bouc-Wen model

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MICRO & NANO LETTERS 2018年第8期13卷 1170-1174页

作者： Ming, Min Feng, Zhao Ling, Jie Xiao, Xiao-Hui Wuhan Univ Sch Power & Mech Engn Wuhan 430072 Hubei Peoples R China

Piezoelectric actuators (PEAs) are widely applied in various nanopositioning equipment. However, the strong hysteresis nonlinearity compromises the positioning accuracy. In this work, a novel modified Bouc-Wen (MBW) model with a polynomial function of the differential of the input is established for modelling the hysteresis nonlinearity of the PEA-actuated nanopositioning stages. The particle swarm optimisation algorithm is adopted to identify the parameters of the MBW model with a set of input-output experimental data. The obtained model with the corresponding identification parameters matches well the experimental data with 0.31% relative error. A feedforward compensator based on the obtained model is also applied to compensate the hysteresis nonlinearity. Experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of this approach, and the results show the great improvement of positioning accuracy of the stage.

关键词： control nonlinearities particle swarm optimisation feedforward position control compensation hysteresis vibration control nanopositioning piezoelectric actuators (MBW) model polynomial function PEA particle swarm optimisation algorithm MBW model input-output corresponding identification parameters experimental data 0 31% relative error feedforward compensator positioning accuracy feedforward compensation piezoelectric nanopositioning stage modified Bouc piezoelectric actuators nanopositioning equipment strong hysteresis nonlinearity

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swarm intelligence-based energy-efficient data delivery in WSAN to virtualise IoT in smart cities

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IET WIRELESS SENSOR SYSTEMS 2018年第6期8卷 256-259页

作者： Manshahia, Mukhdeep Singh Punjabi Univ Dept Math Patiala Punjab India

With the rapid implementation and expansion of the Internet of things (IoT) technologies in smart cities, network congestion control and energy-efficient routing in wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) for virtualising IoT have emerged as a crucial area of research in recent years. This study implements the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm to realise network congestion control and energy-efficient routing in the transport layer of WSANs. This algorithm is based on the flocking behaviour of birds. The simulation results show that the proposed PSO-based approach provides better performance in terms of network lifetime and packet drop ratio compared with the ant colony optimisation and the artificial bee colony algorithm.

关键词： telecommunication network routing particle swarm optimisation Internet of Things wireless sensor networks swarm intelligence telecommunication congestion control actuators smart cities ant colony optimisation energy conservation telecommunication power management swarm intelligence-based energy-efficient data delivery WSAN smart cities network congestion control energy-efficient routing particle swarm optimisation algorithm PSO-based approach network lifetime packet drop ratio Internet of Things technologies wireless sensor and actuator networks IoT virtualisation ant colony optimisation artificial bee colony algorithm

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Power system stabiliser PSS4B-W parameters optimisation and RTDS test verification

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JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING-JOE 2019年第16期2019卷 3135-3139页

作者： Guo, Siyuan Zhang, Shoushou Zhu, Weijun Li, Li Li, Hui State Grid Hunan Elect Power Co Ltd Res Inst Power Syst Technol Ctr Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol Bangor Coll Changsha Hunan Peoples R China

This study introduces the mathematical model of a new type of power system stabiliser PSS4B-W. The concept of crossbreed in genetic algorithm is introduced to particle swarm optimisation algorithm and applied to PSS4B-W parameter optimisation. With a PCS-9410 excitation regulator, the semi-physical simulation system is constituted on a real time digital simulator (RTDS) platform. By measuring the excitation system phase frequency characteristic without compensation, the PSS4B-W parameter optimisation is converted to a set of parameters optimisation process with inequality constraint. In the RTDS platform, the time-domain dynamic response of without PSS, adding PSS2B and PSS4B-W, is compared and analysed. Simulation results show that the optimised PSS4B-W can provide effective damping in different frequency bands, and have good inverse-regulation suppression effect.

关键词： power system stability dynamic response particle swarm optimisation genetic algorithms time-domain analysis optimisation inverse-regulation suppression effect time-domain dynamic response inequality constraint excitation system phase frequency characteristic genetic algorithm mathematical model power system stabiliser PSS4B-W parameter optimisation particle swarm optimisation algorithm parameters optimisation process RTDS platform semiphysical simulation system PCS-9410 excitation regulator RTDS test verification

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Optimal design of permanent magnet linear synchronous motors based on Taguchi method

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IET ELECTRIC POWER APPLICATIONS 2017年第1期11卷 41-48页

作者： Song, Juncai Dong, Fei Zhao, Jiwen Lu, Siliang Dou, Shaokun Wang, Hui Anhui Univ Dept Elect Engn Hefei 230601 Peoples R China

This study focuses on optimisation design of permanent magnet linear synchronous motors that are applied in laser engraving machines with no cutting force. Traditional analytical optimisation method based on magnetic field with particle swarm optimisation algorithm was introduced to obtain the best combination of motor structure parameters. By contrast, the novel optimisation design method - Taguchi method based on orthogonal array was proposed to optimise the thrust and thrust ripple. After the design of experiments using finite-element analysis, the relative importance of each design parameter was estimated in detail. Experimental results of prototype can certify the superiority and validity of Taguchi optimisation method.

关键词： linear synchronous motors permanent magnet motors Taguchi methods particle swarm optimisation magnetic fields finite element analysis permanent magnet linear synchronous motors Taguchi method optimal design laser engraving machines analytical optimisation method magnetic field particle swarm optimisation algorithm motor structure parameters optimisation design method orthogonal array thrust ripple finite-element analysis FEA relative importance

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Coherent unambiguous transmit for sparse linear array with geography constraint

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IET RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2017年第2期11卷 386-393页

作者： Yu, Xianxiang Cui, Guolong Yang, Shiqian Kong, Lingjiang Yi, Wei Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Elect Engn Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China

This study considers the sparse linear array (SLA) design problem of coherent unambiguous transmit for the distributed aperture coherence-synthetic radar, accounting for the antenna size constraint and geography constraint where the elements cannot be placed in a given region. The authors develop an objective function considering the sum of the peak sidelobe level (PSL) for different beam shifting directions. Then, based on a processing strategy for considered constraints, they derive the antenna element locations by minimising the objective function through particle swarm optimisation algorithm. Finally, several numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed SLA design method.

关键词： synthetic aperture radar radar antennas linear antenna arrays particle swarm optimisation numerical analysis coherent unambiguous transmit sparse linear array design problem geography constraint SLA design problem distributed aperture coherence-synthetic radar antenna size constraint objective function minimisation beam shifting directions processing strategy antenna element locations particle swarm optimisation algorithm numerical simulations

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