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Design and implementation of a polarization-encoding system for quantum key distribution

JOURNAL OF OPTICS 2024年第7期26卷 075704-075704页

作者： Mantey, Sara Silva, Nuno Pinto, Armando Muga, Nelson Campus Univ Santiago Inst Telecomunicacoes P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal Univ Aveiro Campus Univ Santiago P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal Campus Univ Santiago Univ Aveiro Dept Elect Telecommun & Informat P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal

We present the design and implementation of a state-of-polarization (SOP) management technique and two efficient synchronizing methods for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems. This is achieved following a wavelength-division multiplexing approach, where the classical synchronization signal and the quantum states are propagated in the same optical fiber. The employed frame synchronization method is based on the monitoring of the quantum bit error ratio (QBER) of the quantum channel, thus avoiding additional hardware and high computational resources. We evaluate the operation of SOP generation method through the assessment of the individual response of the waveplates that comprise the employed electronic polarization controller. Finally, the performance was assessed by computing the overall QBER and the QBER contributions of each of the four polarization states associated with the different qubits. The measurements, obtained during six hours, show a slight variation of the QBER values associated with the individual contributions, reaching an overall QBER of 0.75%. This demonstrates the capability of the presented methods to operate, stably, with very low QBER values, making its application in practical QKD systems reliable.

关键词： polarization-encoding quantum key distribution synchronization quantum bit error rate

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Silicon-based decoder for polarization-encoding quantum key distribution

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Chip 2023年第1期2卷 45-50页

作者： Yongqiang Du Xun Zhu Xin Hua Zhengeng Zhao Xiao Hu Yi Qian Xi Xiao Kejin Wei Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physical Sci-ence and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China National In-formation Optoelectronics Innovation Center(NOEIC) Wuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Technologies and Networks China Information and Communication Technologies Group Corporation(CICT)Wuhan 430074China

Silicon-based polarization-encoding quantum key distribution(QKD)has been extensively studied due to its advantageous characteris-tics of its low cost and ***,given the difficulty of fabricating polarized independent components on the chip,previ-ous studies have only adopted off-chip devices to demodulate the quantum states or perform polarization *** the cur-rent work,a fully chip-based decoder for polarization-encoding QKD was *** chip realized a polarization state analyzer and compensated for the BB84 protocol without the requirement of additional hardware,which was based on a polarization-to-path conversion method utilizing a polarization *** chip was fabricated adopting a standard silicon photonics foundry,which was of a compact design and suitable for mass *** the experimental stability test,an average quantum bit error rate of 0.59%was achieved through continuous operation for 10 h with-out any polarization ***,the chip enabled the automatic compensation of the fiber polarization drift when utiliz-ing the developed feedback algorithm,which was emulated by a ran-dom fiber polarization ***,a finite-key secret rate of 240 bps over a fiber spool of 100 km was achieved in the case of the QKD *** study marks an important step to-ward the integrated,practical,and large-scale deployment of QKD systems.

关键词： Quantum key distribution Silicon photonics Chip polarization-encoding polarization compensation

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Noiseless linear amplification of polarization-encoded quantum states with efficient quantum scissors

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QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING 2024年第6期23卷 201-201页

作者： Feng, Ya-Peng Gu, Jing-Qiu Zhou, Lan Zhong, Wei Du, Ming-Ming Li, Xi-Yun Sheng, Yu-Bo Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Coll Elect & Opt Engn Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Coll Flexible Elect Future Technol Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Coll Sci Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Inst Quantum Informat & Technol Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China

polarization-encoded single-photon qubit and single-photon entanglement are important resources of quantum communication. In practical long-distance quantum communication, photon transmission loss caused by the channel noise is a big obstacle. Noiseless linear amplification (NLA) is a useful method to solve the photon transmission loss problem. In the paper, we propose two efficient NLA protocols for the polarization-encoded single-photon qubit and single-photon entanglement, respectively. Our NLA protocols can increase the fidelity of the target photon state and perfectly preserve the encoded polarization feature. Moreover, local-quadrature squeezing operation is introduced into the NLA protocols to further improve the amplification. Our NLA protocols have important application in future quantum communication field.

关键词： Noiseless linear amplification Quantum communication Photon transmission loss Local-quadrature squeezing polarization-encoding

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Frame Synchronization for Quantum Key Distribution Systems

Frame Synchronization for Quantum Key Distribution Systems

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IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

作者： Mantey, Sara T. Ramos, Mariana F. Silva, Nuno A. Pinto, Armando N. Muga, Nelson J. Univ Aveiro Inst Telecomunicacoes Aveiro Portugal Univ Aveiro Dept Elect Telecommun & Informat Aveiro Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781665435406

In this work, a reliable and low computational complexity frame synchronization method for quantum key distribution (QKD) systems is proposed. The proposed method is based on the computation of the quantum bit error rate (QBER) and requires no more hardware than the one used for qubit coding and decoding. In a initial stage, pre-shared and received sequences are shifted until a minimum QBER value is reached. In a second stage, to confirm that the frames are correctly positioned, and to ensure that during key transmission a correct association of each received bit is made with the corresponding bit sent by the transmitter, a pre-determined number of inverted frames is sent, rising the QBER value to maximum values. As the number of inverted frames is a pre-agreed number, after detecting the first inverted frame it is possible to determine exactly when the secret key transmission will start. We use a polarization-encoding QKD testbed to assess the overall performance of the method. With the proposed frame synchronization method, the synchronization is achieved after roughly 10(4) clock cycles, despite the concerns imposed by the low probability detection inherent to the QKD systems.

关键词： frame synchronization polarization-encoding quantum key distribution

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Experimental validation of dynamic polarization compensation in ground-satellite quantum key distribution

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2014年第7期57卷 1233-1237页

作者： WANG ChaoZe GUO Hui REN JiGang CAO Yuan PENG ChengZhi LIU WeiYue College of Information Science and Engineering Ningbo University Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale Modern Physics Department University of Science and Technology of China

Ground-satellite quantum key distribution(QKD)is a feasible way to implement global-scale quantum *** we propose an approach to dynamically compensate the polarization of the photons when passing through the optical telescope used in ground-satellite *** results experimentally demonstrate that the fidelity of any polarization state after dynamic compensation can be achieved by more than 99.5%,which fulfills the requirements of ground-satellite QKD.

关键词： satellite-ground quantum key distribution polarization-encoding polarization maintaining optical system

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All-optical polarization-encoded negabinary signed-digit adder designs using terahertz-optical-asymmetric-demultiplexer switches

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JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING RESEARCH 2014年第2期2卷 63-80页

作者： Cherri, A. K. Khachab, N. I. Hajjiah, A. T. Kuwait Univ Coll Engn & Petr Dept Elect Engn Safat 13060 Kuwait

In contrast to intensity-encoded negabinary modified signed-digit number representation, a polarization-encoding scheme is proposed to design all-optical adders. The utilization of the proposed polarization-encoding produces more efficient circuits in terms of gates numbers and circuit delays. Three all-optical adder circuits are designed using Terahertz-Optical-Asymmetric-Demultiplexer (TOAD) switches, polarization beam splitters, polarization converters, and beam combiners. It will be shown that the proposed circuits utilize 51.7%, 45.5%, and 21% less gates and they are faster by 44.4%, 42.9%, and 40%, respectively, than the corresponding intensity-encoded circuits.

关键词： All-optical gates intensity-encoding negabinary signed-digit polarization-encoding terahertz-optical-asymmetric-demultiplexer

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Designs of All-Optical Higher-Order Signed-Digit Adders Using polarization-Encoded Based Terahertz-Optical-Asymmetric-Demultiplexer (TOAD)

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2014年第6期4卷 113-128页

作者： Ali Hajjiah Abdullah Alqallaf Abdallah Cherri Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering & Petroleum Kuwait University Safat Kuwait

Various designed circuits for multiple-valued all-optical arithmetic are demonstrated. The terahertz-optical-asymmetric-demultiplexer (TOAD) switch is used as the basic structure unit in the proposed circuits due to its compact size, thermal stability, and low power operation. The designs of trinary and quaternary signed-digit numbers based adders are presented using different polarized states of light. These proposed polarization-encoded based adders use much less switches and their speeds are higher than the intensity-encoded counterparts. Further, it will be shown that one of the proposed trinary signed-digit adders is twice as fast as a recently reported modified signed-digit adder.

关键词： Multiple-Valued Signed-Digit All-Optical Gates polarization-encoding Terahertz-Optical-Asymmetric-Demultiplexer (TOAD)

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Ultra-fast all-optical polarization-encoded modified signed-digit addition using terahertz-optical-asymmetric-demultiplexer (TOAD) switches

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OPTIK 2013年第21期124卷 4887-4891页

作者： Alqallaf, A. K. Hajjiah, A. T. Cherri, A. K. Kuwait Univ Coll Engn & Petr Dept Elect Engn Safat 13060 Kuwait

In this paper, enhanced designs for ultra-fast all-optical circuits based on the terahertz-optical-asymmetric-demultiplexer (TOAD) adders are proposed. The high speed is achieved due to the use of the nonlinear optical materials and the nonbinary modified signed-digit (MSD) number representation. The proposed all-optical circuits use polarized light to present the trinary digits of the MSD numbers. It will be shown that the polarization-encoded MSD adder uses much less TOADs switches (37.5% less) and it is faster by 33.33% compared to the intensity-encoded ones. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

关键词： All-optical TOAD switch polarization-encoding Nonbinary modified signed-digit

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Negabinary Signed-Digit Adder: All-Optical polarization-Encoded Design

Negabinary Signed-Digit Adder: All-Optical Polarization-Enco...

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2nd International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE)

作者： Cherri, A. K. Khachab, N. I. Hajjiah, A. T. Kuwait Univ Coll Engn & Petr Dept Elect Engn Safat 13060 Kuwait

ISBN: (纸本)9781479924653

In contrast to intensity-encoded negabinary modified signed-digit number representation, a polarization-encoding scheme is proposed to design all-optical adders. The adder circuits are designed using Terahertz-Optical-Asymmetric-Demultiplexer (TOAD) switches, polarization beam splitters, polarization converters, and beam combiners.

关键词： Negabinary signed-digit polarization-encoding Terahertz-optical-asymmetric-demultiplexer

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Single-Photon Source Using Stimulated FWM in Optical Fibers for Quantum Communication

Single-Photon Source Using Stimulated FWM in Optical Fibers ...

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International Conference on Applications of Optics and Photonics

作者： Almeida, Alvaro J. Silva, Nuno A. Muga, Nelson J. Pinto, Armando N. Univ Aveiro Inst Telecomunicacoes P-3810193 Aveiro Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9780819485755

A single-photon source based on the stimulated four-wave mixing (SFWM) process in optical fibers is presented. At the output of the source, the state of polarization (SOP) of the photons can be adjusted in order to obtain any linear polarization. A theoretical model to describe the average photon counts recorded in the avalanche photodiodes (APDs) is presented. The experimental results show an accurate detection of two non-orthogonal linear SOPs after propagation through a 60 km quantum channel, and good agreement with theory. This source, operating in a low power regime, can be used for quantum key distribution (QKD) using polarization-encoding in quantum communications.

关键词： Single-Photon Source Stimulated Four-Wave Mixing polarization-encoding Quantum Communication Optical Fibers Avalanche Photodiode

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