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Neural plasticity is modified over the human menstrual cycle: Combined insight from sensory evoked potential LTP and repetition suppression

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NEUROBIOLOGY OF LEARNING AND MEMORY 2018年第0期155卷 422-434页

作者： Sumner, R. L. Spriggs, M. J. McMillan, R. L. Sundram, F. Kirk, I. J. Muthukumaraswamy, S. D. Univ Auckland Sch Pharm Auckland New Zealand Univ Auckland Sch Psychol Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand Brain Res New Zealand Auckland New Zealand Univ Auckland Dept Psychol Med Auckland New Zealand

In healthy women, fluctuations in hormones including progesterone and oestradiol lead to functional changes in the brain over the course of each menstrual cycle. Though considerable attention has been directed towards understanding changes in human cognition over the menstrual cycle, changes in underlying processes such as neural plasticity have largely only been studied in animals. In this study we explored predictive coding and repetition suppression via the roving mismatch negativity paradigm as a model of short-term plasticity (Garrido, Kilner, Kiebel, et al., 2009), and Hebbian learning via visual sensory long-term potentiation (LTP) as a model of long-term plasticity (Teyler et al., 2005). Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded in 20 females during their early follicular and mid-luteal phases. Event-related potential (ERP) analyses were complemented with dynamic causal modelling (DCM) to characterise changes in the underlying neural architecture. More sustained variability in the ERP response to a change in tone during the luteal phase are interpreted as a delayed habituation of the P3a component in the luteal relative to the follicular phase. The additional increased forward connection strength over tone repetitions compared to the follicular phase suggests that, in this phase, females may be less efficient when processing deviations from predicted sensory input (error). In contrast, there appears to be no reliable change in sensory LTP. This suggests that predictive coding, but not Hebbian plasticity is modified in the mid-luteal compared to the follicular phase, at least at the days of the menstrual cycle tested. This finding implicates the human menstrual cycle in complex changes in neural plasticity and provides further evidence for the importance of considering the menstrual cycle when including females in electrophysiological research.

关键词： Long-term potentiation Mismatch negativity EEG predictive coding Hebbian learning Female

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predictive Processing: A Canonical Cortical Computation

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NEURON 2018年第2期100卷 424-435页

作者： Keller, Georg B. Mrsic-Flogel, Thomas D. Friedrich Miescher Inst Biomed Res Basel Switzerland Univ Basel Fac Nat Sci Basel Switzerland UCL Sainsbury Wellcome Ctr Neural Circuits & Behav London England

This perspective describes predictive processing as a computational framework for understanding cortical function in the context of emerging evidence, with a focus on sensory processing. We discuss how the predictive processing framework may be implemented at the level of cortical circuits and how its implementation could be falsified experimentally. Lastly, we summarize the general implications of predictive processing on cortical function in healthy and diseased states.

关键词： canonical microcircuit cortex predictive coding predictive processing sensory processing

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Active inference, enactivism and the hermeneutics of social cognition

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SYNTHESE 2018年第6期195卷 2627-2648页

作者： Gallagher, Shaun Allen, Micah Univ Memphis Dept Philosophy Clement Hall 331 Memphis TN 38152 USA Univ Wollongong Fac Law Humanities & Arts Wollongong NSW Australia UCL Wellcome Trust Ctr Neuroimaging London England UCL Inst Cognit Neurosci London England

We distinguish between three philosophical views on the neuroscience of predictive models: predictive coding (associated with internal Bayesian models and prediction error minimization), predictive processing (associated with radical connectionism and 'simple' embodiment) and predictive engagement (associated with enactivist approaches to cognition). We examine the concept of active inference under each model and then ask how this concept informs discussions of social cognition. In this context we consider Frith and Friston's proposal for a neural hermeneutics, and we explore the alternative model of enactivist hermeneutics.

关键词： predictive coding Free energy principle Active inference Social cognition Enactivism Hermeneutics

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Interoceptive inference: From computational neuroscience to clinic

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NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS 2018年 90卷 174-183页

作者： Owens, Andrew P. Allen, Micah Ondobaka, Sasha Friston, Karl J. Royal Holloway Univ London Dept Psychol Lab Act & Body Egham TW20 0EXU Surrey England UCL Inst Neurol Dept Brain Repair & Rehabil London England UCL NHS Trust Natl Hosp Neurol & Neurosurg Auton Unit London England UCL Wellcome Trust Ctr Neuroimaging London England UCL Inst Cognit Neurosci London England UCL Sobell Dept Motor Neurosci & Movement Disorders London England

The central and autonomic nervous systems can be defined by their anatomical, functional and neurochemical characteristics, but neither functions in isolation. For example, fundamental components of autonomically mediated homeostatic processes are afferent interoceptive signals reporting the internal state of the body and efferent signals acting on interoceptive feedback assimilated by the brain. Recent predictive coding (interoceptive inference) models formulate interoception in terms of embodied predictive processes that support emotion and selfhood. We propose interoception may serve as a way to investigate holistic nervous system function and dysfunction in disorders of brain, body and behaviour. We appeal to predictive coding and (active) interoceptive inference, to describe the homeostatic functions of the central and autonomic nervous systems. We do so by (i) reviewing the active inference formulation of interoceptive and autonomic function, (ii) survey clinical applications of this formulation and (iii) describe how it offers an integrative approach to human physiology;particularly, interactions between the central and peripheral nervous systems in health and disease.

关键词： Active inference Autonomic nervous system Free-energy principle Homeostasis Interoception Interoceptive inference predictive coding

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Hebbian associative plasticity in the visuo-tactile domain: A cross-modal paired associative stimulation protocol

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NEUROIMAGE 2019年 201卷 116025-000页

作者： Zazio, Agnese Guidali, Giacomo Maddaluno, Ottavia Miniussi, Carlo Bolognini, Nadia IRCCS Ist Ctr San Giovanni Dio Fatebenefratell Cognit Neurosci Sect Via Pilastroni 4 I-25125 Brescia Italy Univ Milano Bicocca Dept Psychol Piazza Ateneo Nuovo 1 I-20126 Milan Italy Univ Milano Bicocca NeuroMi Milan Ctr Neurosci Milan Italy Univ Milano Bicocca Sch Med & Surg PhD Program Neurosci Monza Italy Univ Trento Ctr Mind Brain Sci CIMeC Rovereto Italy IRCCS Ist Auxol Italiano Lab Neuropsychol Milan Italy

We developed and assessed the effects of a novel cross-modal protocol aimed at inducing associative (Hebbian-like) plasticity in the somatosensory cortical system through vision. Associative long-term potentiation can be induced in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) by means of paired associative stimulation (PAS), in which a peripheral electrical stimulation of the median nerve is repeatedly paired with a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) pulse over S1. Considering the mirror proprieties of S1, the cross-modal PAS (cm-PAS) consists of repetitive observation of bodily tactile stimulations, paired with TMS pulses over the contralateral S1. Through three experiments in healthy participants, we demonstrate that the cm-PAS is able to induce excitatory plastic effects with functional significance in S1, improving somatosensory processing at both behavioral (tactile acuity) and neurophysiological (somatosensory-evoked potentials) levels. The plastic effects induced by cm-PAS depend on the interval (20 ms) between the visual stimulus and the magnetic pulse, the targeted cortical site (S1), and the tactile content of the visual stimulus, which must represent a touch event. Such specificity implies the involvement of cross-modal, mirror-like, mechanisms in S1, which are able to visually promote associative synaptic plasticity in S1 likely through the recruitment of predictive coding processes.

关键词： Paired associative stimulation Somatosensory cortex Mirror system Cross-modal plasticity predictive coding Hebbian learning

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Neurons That Update Representations of the Future

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TRENDS IN COGNITIVE SCIENCES 2018年第8期22卷 671-673页

作者： Series, Peggy Univ Edinburgh Informat Edinburgh EH8 9AB Midlothian Scotland

A recent article shows that the brain automatically estimates the probabilities of possible future actions before it has even received all the information necessary to decide what to do next. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： Bayesian brain motor cortex neural decoding neural encoding predictive coding

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On state-space compression and state reachability retrieval of Petri nets

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ADVANCES IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2019年第2期11卷

作者： Ren, Huorong Xu, Jin Liang, Ye Rehman, Ateekh Ur Umer, Usama Xidian Univ Sch Mechanoelect Engn Xian 710071 Peoples R China King Saud Univ Dept Ind Engn Coll Engn Riyadh Saudi Arabia King Saud Univ Adv Mfg Inst Dept Ind Engn Coll Engn Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The problem of state-space explosion and state reachability decision has been a focus in Petri net analysis. In this article, some algorithms based on data features of state space are proposed for state-space reduction and reachability analysis in Petri nets. A caching arrangement algorithm for the state reachability graph is proposed to alleviate the memory overhead when all states are generated by a traditional reachability graph generation algorithm. For the reduction of the state space, a compression algorithm based on a hybrid coding is formulated. The changing characteristics of state elements are fully utilized to realize a sharp reduction of the whole state space. For the state reachability analysis, a state reachability retrieval algorithm based on the locally sensitive hashing is reported. In this algorithm, all the states in the compressed state space are distributed to different hash buckets according to the distances among the states, which realize the primary state retrieval efficiently. Then, a state retrieval strategy that reverts the primary retrieved state to its original data is adopted. Finally, the proposed compression and retrieval algorithms are validated on several Petri net models, showing high compression efficiency and exact accuracy of state retrieval.

关键词： Petri net state-space compression predictive coding hashing retrieval state reachability

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coding framework of predictive timing in the brain

Coding framework of predictive timing in the brain

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中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Jiayuan Meng Minpeng Xu Xingwei An Xin Zhao Feng He Lixin Zhang Dong Ming Department of Biomedical Engineering Tianjin University

Object Prediction, as a fundamental cognitive function of the brain, is the ability of reducing the uncertainty of upcoming events, which contributes a lot to our daily interactions with the constantly changing environment. However, the underlying neural mechanism still remains unclear. A potential explanation is the predictive coding theory, which proposed that our perceptions are formed by forward transmitting the prediction errors between the intrinsic predictive template and incoming sensory inputs. It assumes that there is a hierarchical framework in the brain to integrate the top-down expectations with the bottom-up senses, and at each level, the predictive template is encoded by the representation unit, while the residual error is encoded by the error unit. However, it remains unknown whether the theory proposed for predicting "what" could apply to predicting "when". This study aims to examine the neural framework of predictive timing in the brain. Methods Two predictive timing templates of 400 ms and 600 ms durations were stably built up for each subject after 1-week training to discriminate three different intervals between two successive LED flashes, i.e. 400 ms, 600 ms and 900 ms. During electroencephalography(EEG) experiment, Subjects were required to judge the flash duration presented before them with three different mental tasks: 1. deciding whether the duration was 400 ms or not by pressing one of two alternative buttons as quickly as possible;2. Deciding whether the duration is 600 ms or not by pressing one of two alternative buttons as quickly as possible;3. Pressing a button after second flash as quickly as possible. The experiment or each subject contained 12 blocks which were equally distributed into the three mental tasks. Each block contained twelve trials of 400 ms durations, twelve trials of 600 ms durations and six trials of other random durations, which were displayed in a random sequence. Thirty-six healthy volunteers aged between 19 and 2

关键词： Prediction predictive coding predictive timing electroencephalography

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Seeing Fear: It's All in the Eyes?

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TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES 2018年第9期41卷 559-563页

作者： Barrett, Lisa Feldman Northeastern Univ Dept Psychol 125 Nightingale Hall Boston MA 02115 USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Dept Psychiat Psychiat Neuroimaging Div Boston MA 02114 USA Harvard Med Sch Boston MA 02115 USA Massachusetts Gen Hosp Athinoula A Martinos Ctr Biomed Imaging Boston MA 02114 USA

Is an amygdala necessary to experience and perceive fear? Intriguing evidence comes from patient S.M. who lost her left and right amygdalae to disease. Initial testing suggested that S.M.'s most defining symptom was an inability to recognize fear in other people's facial expressions. A fascinating paper by Adolphs and colleagues in 2005 examined one potential mechanism for this impairment: a failure to spontaneously attend to widened eyes, the most distinctive physical feature portrayed in symbolic fear expressions. This study helped to invigorate debates about the brain basis of fear and paved the way for a more nuanced understanding of amygdalar function.

关键词： fear emotion amygdala predictive coding

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Information-Theoretic Properties of Auditory Sequences Dynamically Influence Expectation and Memory

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COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2018年第1期42卷 43-76页

作者： Agres, Kat Abdallah, Samer Pearce, Marcus Queen Mary Univ London Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci London E1 4NS England UCL Dept Comp Sci London England

A basic function of cognition is to detect regularities in sensory input to facilitate the prediction and recognition of future events. It has been proposed that these implicit expectations arise from an internal predictive coding model, based on knowledge acquired through processes such as statistical learning, but it is unclear how different types of statistical information affect listeners' memory for auditory stimuli. We used a combination of behavioral and computational methods to investigate memory for non-linguistic auditory sequences. Participants repeatedly heard tone sequences varying systematically in their information-theoretic properties. Expectedness ratings of tones were collected during three listening sessions, and a recognition memory test was given after each session. Information-theoretic measures of sequential predictability significantly influenced listeners' expectedness ratings, and variations in these properties had a significant impact on memory performance. Predictable sequences yielded increasingly better memory performance with increasing exposure. Computational simulations using a probabilistic model of auditory expectation suggest that listeners dynamically formed a new, and increasingly accurate, implicit cognitive model of the information-theoretic structure of the sequences throughout the experimental session.

关键词： Expectation Recognition memory predictive coding Information theory Computational modeling Auditory perception Music cognition

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