检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

A problem-solving method for "unprotocolised' therapy administration task in medicine

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE 1999年第2期17卷 157-180页

作者： Taboada, M Lama, M Barro, S Marin, R Mira, J Palacios, F Univ Santiago de Compostela Dept Elect & Computac Santiago De Compostela 15706 Spain Univ Murcia Dept Informat Inteligencia Artificial & Elect Murcia 30071 Spain Univ Nacl Educ Distancia Dept Inteligencia Artificial Madrid 28040 Spain Hosp Gen Elche Elche 03203 Spain

This paper describes a problem-solving method for modelling the 'unprotocolised' treat ment administration task in medicine. We argue that there are medical domains in which no well-established standard treatment protocols exist, and the physician has to decide on the therapy that is to be applied to each patient, in function of a set of therapeutic objectives to be fulfilled. For this reason, we propose the modelling of this type of task adapting the generic class of problem resolution methods for design task, labelled as Propose-Critique-Modify (PCM). In this paper, we are presenting a model of expertise which has been developed using the basic modelling components of the CommonKADS methodology. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： problem-solving method model of expertise model protocol-based decision support systems CommonKADS methodology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Designing a Context-Driven problem-solving method with Metacognitive Scaffolding Experience Intervention for Biology Instruction

引用

JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY 2024年第6期33卷 811-822页

作者： Eticha, Merga Dinssa Hunde, Adula Bekele Ketema, Tsige Jimma Univ Coll Nat Sci Dept Biol Jimma Ethiopia Shambu Coll Teachers Educ Dept Biol Shambu Ethiopia Kotebe Univ Educ Dept Curriculum & Instruct Sci Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Learner-centered instructional practices, such as the metacognitive strategies scaffolding the problem-solving method for Biology instruction, have been shown to promote students' autonomy and self-direction, significantly enhancing their understanding of scientific concepts. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the importance and procedures of context analysis in the development of a context-driven problem-solving method with a metacognitive scaffolding instructional approach, which enhances students' learning effectiveness in Biology. Therefore, the study was conducted in the Biology departments of secondary schools in Shambu Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study employed mixed-methods research to collect and analyze data, involving 12 teachers and 80 students. The data collection tools used were interviews, observations, and a questionnaire. The study revealed that conducting a context analysis that involves teachers, students, and learning contexts is essential in designing a context-driven problem-solving method with metacognitive scaffolding for Biology instruction, which provides authentic examples, instructional content, and engaging scenarios for teachers and students. As a result, the findings of this study provide a practical instructional strategy that can be applied to studies aimed at designing a context-driven problem-solving method with metacognitive scaffolding with the potential to influence instructional practices.

关键词： Biology learning Context analysis Ethiopia Metacognitive scaffolding problem-solving method Shambu

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Implementing problem-solving method in Learning Programming Application

Implementing Problem-Solving Method in Learning Programming ...

引用

International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICELTICs)

作者： Mutiawani, Viska Juwita Afidh, Razief Perucha Fauzie Novitasari, Dwi Syiah Kuala Univ Math & Nat Sci Fac Dept Informat Banda Aceh Indonesia Syiah Kuala Univ Math & Nat Sci Fac Informat Management Diploma Programme Banda Aceh Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781538629345

Programming is a compulsory subject in majors related to informatics and computer science at the college and university level. Programming involves many aspects of learning, starting from analyzing problems, implementing solutions with specific programming language, running programs and fixing errors or bugs. Preliminary research related to difficulty of programming has been done by distributing questionnaires to 37 students at Informatics department. The result obtained was a score of 3.7 out of 5 scale, that means most of students agreed that programming is a difficult course. Programming requires ability and skill in analyzing problems and applying algorithm to programming language. This ability is difficult to obtain if students don't have lots of practices to solve problems. Thus this research developed a prototype of application to learn basic programming concept that utilizes problem-solving method. problem-solving method was used because this method is very relevant to the concept of programming itself, which is to solve problem with particular algorithm. So the application has many exercises to be solved and can train basic programming skills. The prototype application is named LariJava. It was implemented in Informatics department, FMIPA Unsyiah. The implementation was analyzed by using Fishbein model. Fishbein model has attributes to measure and this research used 5 attributes, namely difficulty of programming, programming logic, learning situation, lack of example with solution, and ease of use for application interface. The questionnaire was distributed to random 37 Informatics students. The calculation of Fishbein model came out with Ao score which is 78.08. That score means users' attitude toward LariJava application was positive or users positively think that LariJava can help them to learn basic programming skill through problem-solving method.

关键词： programming learning application basic programming problem-solving method

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

On the concepts of problem and problem-solving method

引用

Decision Support Systems 1987年第2期3卷 133-139页

作者： A.S. Veloso, Paulo Departamento de Informática Pont. Universidade Católica 22453 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil

The concepts of problem, problem-solving method, and the application of a problem-solving method to a problem are given precise formulations, based on abstract data types. These formulations are argued to agree with the intuitive understanding of these ideas, thereby formalizing them. This formalization is based on few basic concepts: abstract data type and an extension mechanism (here, a general cluster-like module). Moreover, by embodying ideas related to stepwise refinement they are applicable both to problem solving in general and to the process of program development. Examples are provided to illustrate the main ideas and their application. © 1987.

关键词： Abstract data type Knowledge representation problem solving problem specification problem-solving method problem-solving strategy Program development Program schema

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

DSTM: a framework to operationalise and refine a problem solving method modeled in terms of tasks and methods

引用

EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS 1999年第2期16卷 105-120页

作者： Trichet, F Tchounikine, P Univ Nantes IRIN F-44322 Nantes 03 France Ecole Cent Nantes F-44322 Nantes France

In this paper we present DSTM, a framework that enables the operationalisation and the refinement of problem-solving methods modeled within the Task-method paradigm. DSTM proposes an operational kernel, i.e. operational but flexible high-level constructions: modeling primitives, such as task or method, and manipulation mechanisms, such as select a method. These constructions can be customized in order to better capture the paper-based model to be operationalised. This permits the construction of an implemented system that is an explicit reification of the paper-based model, and, therefore, enables to analyze the model by means of the analysis of the system. In order to support this analysis, DSTM proposes tools that allow the knowledge-engineers to inspect the implemented model from different points of view. This facilitates the conciliation of the initial modeling phase, the model refinement phase and the operationalisation phase that are achieved when constructing a KBS. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： problem-solving method task-method paradigm paper-based model

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Knowledge acquisition and interpretation problem-solving methods for visual expertise: A study of petroleum-reservoir evaluation

引用

JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2005年第1-2期47卷 51-69页

作者： Abel, M Silva, LAL Campbell, JA De Ros, LF Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Inst Informat BR-91501970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil UCL Dept Comp Sci London WC1E 6BT England Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Inst Geociencias BR-91501970 Porto Alegre RS Brazil

The paper presents a practical study of expertise in sedimentary petrography and its incorporation into a knowledge-based computing system, PetroGrapher. The study identifies features of expert geologists' essentially visual knowledge that limit the usefulness of traditional logic-oriented symbolic methods for developing relevant knowledge-based systems. In particular, the experts' expressions of knowledge differ significantly from what is taught through the literature about their subject. Also, the means (ontology) of describing the explicit objects of geological data are not well-suited to describe how experts combine such objects and make inferences about them. The paper indicates how to deal with those two different levels of ontology, proposes "knowledge graphs" as an effective medium for linking them and explains their place in a general descriptive model of how experts solve problems in interpretation based on visual evidence. The model is being validated through the use of PetroGrapher, for management of data and knowledge about reservoir rocks, in a petroleum company. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： knowledge engineering knowledge acquisition expertise problem-solving method sedimentary petrography

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Practical Experience on Reusing problem-solving methods for Assessment Tasks 1

引用

15th International Conference on Computer Aided Systems Theory

作者： Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Abraham Martel-Rodriguez, Gilberto Marquez-Marfil, Miguel Quintana-Dominguez, Francisca Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria Inst Univ Ciencias & Tecnol Cibernet Campus Tafira Las Palmas Gran Canaria 35017 Spain Inst Tecnol Canarias Dept Agua St Lucia 35119 Gran Canaria Spain

ISBN: (数字)9783319273402

ISBN: (纸本)9783319273402;9783319273396

problem-solving methods (PSMs) facilitate the development of knowledge-based systems (KBSs), which provide an initial scheme to model both the domain knowledge and the inference process. However, the actual benefits of reusing PSMs are still unclear because most of the specifications omit how the structure must be adapted to fit into the current problem. This article describes our experience in the development of a KBS for the selection of wastewater treatment technologies by reusing a well-known PSM from the CommonKADS library. We describe how the adaptation process was performed, which involved both the simplification of the original inference template and the inclusion of new basic inferences.

关键词： problem-solving method Knowledge-based system Wastewater treatment technology

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Knowledge Engineering: Principles and methods

引用

DATA & KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING 1998年第1-2期25卷 161-197页

作者： Studer, R Benjamins, VR Fensel, D Univ Karlsruhe Inst AIFB D-76128 Karlsruhe Germany Spanish Council Sci Res CSIC Artificial Intelligence Res Inst IIIA Bellaterra 08193 Barcelona Spain Univ Amsterdam Dept Social Sci Informat SWI NL-1018 WB Amsterdam Netherlands

This paper gives an overview of the development of the field of Knowledge Engineering over the last 15 years. We discuss the paradigm shift from a transfer view to a modeling view and describe two approaches which considerably shaped research in Knowledge Engineering: Role-limiting methods and Generic Tasks. To illustrate various concepts and methods which evolved in recent years we describe three modeling frameworks: CommonKADS, MIKE and PROTEGE-II. This description is supplemented by discussing some important methodological developments in more detail: specification languages for knowledge-based systems, problem-solving methods and ontologies. We conclude by outlining the relationship of Knowledge Engineering to Software Engineering, Information Integration and Knowledge Management.

关键词： Knowledge Engineering knowledge acquisition problem-solving method ontology Information Integration

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The evolution of Protege:: an environment for knowledge-based systems development

引用

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES 2003年第1期58卷 89-123页

作者： Gennari, JH Musen, MA Fergerson, RW Grosso, WE Crubézy, M Eriksson, H Noy, NF Tu, SW Univ Washington Sch Med Dept Med Educ & Biomed Informat Seattle WA 98195 USA Stanford Univ Stanford Med Informat Stanford CA 94305 USA Linkoping Univ Dept Comp & Informat Sci S-58183 Linkoping Sweden Hipbone Inc San Carlos CA USA

The Protege project has come a long way since Mark Musen first built the Protege meta-tool for knowledge-based systems in 1987. The original tool was a small application, aimed at building knowledge-acquisition tools for a few specialized programs in medical planning. From this initial tool, the Protege system has evolved into a durable, extensible platform for knowledge-based systems development and research. The current version, Protege-2000, can be run on a variety of platforms, supports customized user-interface extensions, incorporates the Open Knowledge-Base Connectivity (OKBC) knowledge model, interacts with standard storage formats such as relational databases, XML, and RDF, and has been used by hundreds of individuals and research groups. In this paper, we follow the evolution of the Protege project through three distinct re-implementations. We describe our overall methodology, our design decisions, and the lessons we have learned over the duration of the project. We believe that our success is one of infrastructure: Protege is a flexible, well-supported, and robust development environment. Using Protege, developers and domain experts can easily build effective knowledge-based systems, and researchers can explore ideas in a variety of knowledge-based domains. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： knowledge-bases problem-solving method Protege meta-tool

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A case study in solving customer complaints based on the 8Ds method and Kano model

引用

JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND PRODUCTION ENGINEERING 2010年第5期27卷 339-350页

作者： Chen, Hsiang-Ru Cheng, Bor-Wen Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Dept Ind Engn & Management 123 Univ RdSect 3 Touliu 64002 Yunlin Taiwan

Service economics is growing in importance, and satisfying customers is a major objective of enterprises. Product or service quality involves knowing what the customers' needs are and how to fulfill those needs to meet their expectations and requirements, especially when customer complaints appear. In this study, the Kano model is used to distinguish various product and service satisfaction or dissatisfaction types, based on customers' opinions. The 8 disciplines (8Ds) problem-solving method is a corrective action procedure used to identify and correct causes of non-conformance and is adopted in this article when the customer complains about a product or service. A case study in this article is based on the 8Ds method and Kano model, which provides a structured and flexible framework for a customer-oriented management system to drive the improvement of business performance. By way of different histogram comparisons, a paired t test, and Cpk estimations, a control model is established to identify what the quality level is. After completing the corrective actions and excluding the variation of sheet metal hardness factor, the defect rate decreased from 28% to 0.5%, and this improvement resulted in gains of at least 22 million New Taiwan dollars.

关键词： customer complaints 8Ds problem-solving method Kano model ISO/TS 16949

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：